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All patients were operated on and evaluated concerning age, tumor size, histology, pre- and postoperative cranial nerve (CN) deficits, morbidity, mortality, and surgical complications. Tumor-specific features\u2014e.g., consistency, surface, arachnoid cleavage, and location\u2014were set in a four-grade classification system that was used to evaluate the risk of CN deficits and tumor resectability.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>After primary tumor resection, new CN deficits occurred in 27.3% of patients. Preoperative ataxia improved in 25%, whereas 10% developed new ataxia. Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 59.4%. The morbidity rate, including hemiparesis, shunt-dependence, postop-hemorrhage, and tracheostomy was 22.6% and the mortality rate was 2.3%. In recurrent PCM surgery, CN deficits occurred in 16%. GTR could be achieved in three cases. Minor complications occurred in 20%. By applying the proposed new classification system to patients operated via standard craniotomies, the best outcome was observed in type I tumor patients (soft tumor consistency, smooth surface, plane arachnoid cleavage, and unilateral localization) with GTR in 78.7% (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and 11.9% new CN deficits (p\u2009=\u20090.006).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Standard craniotomies as the retrosigmoid or subtemporal\/pterional approaches are often used for the resection of PCMs. Whether these approaches are sufficient for GTR\u2014and avoidance of new neurological deficits\u2014depends mainly on the localization and intrinsic tumor-specific features.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-022-04105-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T15:02:56Z","timestamp":1663167776000},"page":"55-65","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Surgical results of 158 petroclival meningiomas with special focus on standard craniotomies"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Schackert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Lenk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Kirsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silke","family":"Hennig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Daubner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kay","family":"Engellandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Appold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dino","family":"Podlesek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahr","family":"Sandi-Gahun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2236-6719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tareq A.","family":"Juratli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"4105_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.8.JNS13535","volume":"120","author":"R Almefty","year":"2014","unstructured":"Almefty R, Dunn IF, Pravdenkova S, Abolfotoh M, Al-Mefty O (2014) True petroclival meningiomas: results of surgical management. 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