{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T12:27:48Z","timestamp":1792931268663,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,12]],"date-time":"2022-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668211200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,12]],"date-time":"2022-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004702","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Genova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004702","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurooncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our aim was to determine the main risk factors related to the occurrence of permanent alopecia in childhood medulloblastoma (MB) survivors.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical features of all consecutive MB survivors treated at our institute. We divided the patients into 3 groups depending on the craniospinal irradiation (CSI) dose received and defined permanent alopecia first in terms of the skin region affected (whole scalp and nape region), then on the basis of the toxicity degree (G). Any relationship between permanent alopecia and other characteristics was investigated by a univariate and multivariate analysis and Odds ratio (OR) with confidence interval (CI) was reported.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We included 41 patients with a mean10-year follow-up. High dose CSI resulted as an independent factor leading to permanent hair loss in both groups: alopecia of the whole scalp (G1 p-value 0.030, G2 p-value 0.003) and of the nape region (G1 p-value 0.038, G2 p-value 0.006). The posterior cranial fossa (PCF) boost volume and dose were not significant factors at multivariate analysis neither in permanent hair loss of the whole scalp nor only in the nuchal region.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In pediatric patients with MB, the development of permanent alopecia seems to depend only on the CSI dose\u2009\u2265\u200936\u00a0Gy. Acute damage to the hair follicle is dose dependent, but in terms of late side effects, constant and homogeneous daily irradiation of a large volume may have a stronger effect than a higher but focal dose of radiotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-022-04186-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,12]],"date-time":"2022-11-12T04:29:27Z","timestamp":1668227367000},"page":"659-668","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["High dose craniospinal irradiation as independent risk factor of permanent alopecia in childhood medulloblastoma survivors: cohort study and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Satragno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Verrico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Giannelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ferrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Campora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Turazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Cavagnetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Schiavetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All patients (or their parents if minors) gave written informed consent to undergo RT and accepted that their anonymous data could be used in scientific studies.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}