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The tumors were irradiated with light at 635\u00a0nm wavelength via stereotactically implanted cylindrical diffuser fibers. Outcome after iPDT was retrospectively compared with a positively-selected in-house patient cohort (n\u2009=\u2009110) who underwent complete tumor resection followed by chemoradiation.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 16.4 months, and median overall survival (OS) was 28.0 months. Seven patients (43.8%) experienced long-term PFS\u2009&gt;\u200924 months. Median follow-up was 113.9 months for the survivors. Univariate regression revealed MGMT-promoter methylation but not age as a prognostic factor for both OS (p\u2009=\u20090.04 and p\u2009=\u20090.07) and PFS (p\u2009=\u20090.04 and p\u2009=\u20090.67). Permanent iPDT-associated morbidity was seen in one iPDT patient (6.3%). Patients treated with iPDT experienced superior PFS and OS compared to patients who underwent complete tumor removal (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01 and p\u2009=\u20090.01, respectively). The rate of long-term PFS was higher in iPDT-treated patients (43.8% vs. 8.9%, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>iPDT is a feasible treatment concept and might be associated with long-term PFS in a subgroup of GBM patients, potentially via induction of so far unknown immunological tumor-controlling processes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-023-04284-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]],"date-time":"2023-03-16T12:03:02Z","timestamp":1678968182000},"page":"217-223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Interstitial photodynamic therapy for newly diagnosed glioblastoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Quach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Aumiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Foglar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Schmutzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Katzendobler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"El Fahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Forbrig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Bochmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rupert","family":"Egensperger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Sroka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herbert","family":"Stepp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"R\u00fchm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niklas","family":"Thon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"4284_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"v1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noac202","volume":"24","author":"QT Ostrom","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ostrom QT et al (2022) CBTRUS Statistical Report: primary brain and other Central Nervous System Tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2015\u20132019. 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Christoph Schwartz - No disclosures. Maximilian Aumiller - No disclosures. Marco Foglar - No disclosures. Michael Schmutzer - No disclosures. Sophie Katzendobler - No disclosures. Mohamed El Fahim - No disclosures. Robert Forbrig - No disclosures. Katja Bochmann - No disclosures. Rubert Egensperger - No disclosures. Ronald Sroka - No disclosures. Herbert Stepp - No disclosures. Adrian R\u00fchm - No disclosures. Niklas Thon - No disclosures.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest\/Competing interests"}},{"value":"Consent to participate in retrospective studies is given prospectively by all patients treated at the Department of Neurosurgery of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich through a local prospective tumor registry.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The present study was conducted retrospectively.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Additional declarations for articles in life science journals that report the results of studies involving humans and\/or animals"}},{"value":"Ethics approval was obtained by the ethics committee of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (project number 335-16).","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"All authors have consented in submitting this manuscript for publication in the Journal of Neuro-Oncology.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}