{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T14:35:31Z","timestamp":1780670131416,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012330","name":"Okayama University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurooncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Craniopharyngiomas are histologically benign tumors, but their proximity to vital neurovascular structures can significantly deteriorate functional prognoses and severely restrict patients\u2019 social interaction and activity. We retrospectively identified risk factors related to the functional prognoses in patients with craniopharyngioma treated at our center.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 40 patients who underwent surgery for craniopharyngioma and follow-up at our institution between 2003 and 2022. Functional prognoses were evaluated in terms of obesity (body mass index [BMI]\u2009\u2265\u200925 for adults, BMI-Z\u2009\u2265\u20091.65 for children), visual function, endocrine function, and social participation. We investigated whether patient characteristics, tumor size, tumor location, hypothalamic involvement, surgical hypothalamic damage, extent of resection, and recurrence rate correlated with these functional prognostic factors.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The median age at diagnosis was 28.0 years, with a median follow-up of 80.5 months. Postoperative obesity was present in 22 patients, and those with postoperative obesity had a significantly higher preoperative BMI or BMI-Z (preoperative BMI for adults: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.074; preoperative BMI-Z for children: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.020) and were significantly correlated with preoperative hypothalamic involvement grade 2 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012) and surgical hypothalamic damage grade II (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0001). Deterioration in social participation was significantly associated with a larger tumor size (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.023) and tumor recurrence (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0047).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Patients with higher preoperative BMI or BMI-Z and hypothalamic involvement have a greater risk of postoperative obesity, and larger tumor size and recurrence can significantly deteriorate the rate of patients\u2019 social participation.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-024-04925-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T08:17:14Z","timestamp":1737533834000},"page":"471-479","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Identification of factors related to functional prognoses in craniopharyngiomas"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"172","author":[{"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Umeda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1615-5125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Otani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joji","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuichiro","family":"Hirano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuki","family":"Suruga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoya","family":"Kemmotsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryoji","family":"Imoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhito","family":"Kegoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Mizuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yohei","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madoka","family":"Hokama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiichiro","family":"Makihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kosei","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenichi","family":"Inagaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumio","family":"Otsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Yasuhara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shota","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"4925_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wu W, Sun Q, Zhu X et al (2021) Risk factors for hypothalamic obesity in patients with adult-onset craniopharyngioma: a consecutive series of 120 cases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2021.694213","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.694213"},{"key":"4925_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-18-0505","volume":"179","author":"S Boekhoff","year":"2018","unstructured":"Boekhoff S, Bogusz A, Sterkenburg AS et al (2018) Long-term effects of growth hormone replacement therapy in childhood-onset craniopharyngioma: results of the German Craniopharyngioma Registry (HIT-Endo). Eur J Endocrinol 179:331\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/EJE-18-0505","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"4925_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.3171\/2021.5.JNS202011","volume":"136","author":"SS Godil","year":"2022","unstructured":"Godil SS, Tosi U, Gerges M et al (2022) Long-term tumor control after endoscopic endonasal resection of craniopharyngiomas: comparison of gross-total resection versus subtotal resection with radiation therapy. J Neurosurg 136:1347\u20131355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2021.5.JNS202011","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"4925_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-021-03906-4","volume":"156","author":"F Henderson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Henderson F, Schwartz TH (2022) Update on management of craniopharyngiomas. J Neurooncol 156:97\u2013108","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"4925_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.09.006","volume":"167","author":"ZJ Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang ZJ, Wu J, Qi JL et al (2022) Risk factors Associated with postoperative obesity in Childhood-Onset Craniopharyngioma patients: a case-control study. World Neurosurg 167:e1185\u2013e1195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.09.006","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"4925_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0000000000002346","volume":"92","author":"JC Pang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pang JC, Chung DD, Wang J et al (2023) Characteristics and outcomes in Pediatric Versus Adult Craniopharyngiomas: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. Neurosurgery 92:1112\u20131129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1227\/neu.0000000000002346","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"4925_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-019-03209-9","volume":"144","author":"AK Rock","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rock AK, Dincer A, Carr MT et al (2019) Outcomes after craniotomy for resection of craniopharyngiomas in adults: analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP). J Neurooncol 144:117\u2013125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11060-019-03209-9","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"4925_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS.2002.97.1.0003","volume":"97","author":"R Van Effenterre","year":"2002","unstructured":"Van Effenterre R, Boch AL (2002) Craniopharyngioma in adults and children: a study of 122 surgical cases. J Neurosurg 97:3\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/JNS.2002.97.1.0003","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"4925_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.3171\/2021.10.PEDS21392","volume":"29","author":"J Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu J, Pan CB, Xie SH et al (2022) A propensity-adjusted comparison of endoscopic endonasal surgery versus transcranial microsurgery for pediatric craniopharyngioma: a single-center study. J Neurosurg Pediatr 29:325\u2013334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2021.10.PEDS21392","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"4925_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Soldozy S, Yeghyayan M, Ya\u011fmurlu K et al (2020) Endoscopic endonasal surgery outcomes for pediatric craniopharyngioma: a systematic review. Neurosurg Focus 48. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2019.10.FOCUS19728","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.10.FOCUS19728"},{"key":"4925_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.11.PEDS20803","volume":"28","author":"VM Ravindra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ravindra VM, Okcu MF, Ruggieri L et al (2021) Comparison of multimodal surgical and radiation treatment methods for pediatric craniopharyngioma: long-term analysis of progression-free survival and morbidity. J Neurosurg Pediatr 28:152\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2020.11.PEDS20803","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"4925_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-021-03806-7","volume":"154","author":"A Ogino","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ogino A, Niranjan A, Kano H et al (2021) Optimizing stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with recurrent or residual craniopharyngiomas. J Neurooncol 154:113\u2013120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11060-021-03806-7","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"4925_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.08.059","volume":"85","author":"S Yano","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yano S, Kudo M, Hide T et al (2016) Quality of life and clinical features of long-term survivors surgically treated for Pediatric Craniopharyngioma. World Neurosurg 85:153\u2013162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.08.059","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"4925_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/S10143-023-02146-6\/FIGURES\/4","volume":"46","author":"Y Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen Y, Liu X, Li M et al (2023) Impact of three surgical approaches on the therapeutic efficacy of intraventricular craniopharyngiomas: a single-center retrospective analysis. Neurosurg Rev 46:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S10143-023-02146-6\/FIGURES\/4","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"4925_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-3928","volume":"98","author":"E Elowe-Gruau","year":"2013","unstructured":"Elowe-Gruau E, Beltrand J, Brauner R et al (2013) Childhood craniopharyngioma: hypothalamus-sparing surgery decreases the risk of obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98:2376\u20132382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2012-3928","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"4925_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-11-0158","volume":"165","author":"HL M\u00fcller","year":"2011","unstructured":"M\u00fcller HL, Gebhardt U, Teske C et al (2011) Post-operative hypothalamic lesions and obesity in childhood craniopharyngioma: results of the multinational prospective trial KRANIOPHARYNGEOM 2000 after 3-year follow-up. Eur J Endocrinol 165:17\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/EJE-11-0158","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"4925_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23447","volume":"30","author":"J Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu J, Fu J, Huang ZJ et al (2022) Postoperative hypothalamic damage predicts postoperative weight gain in patients with adult-onset craniopharyngioma. Obesity 30:1357\u20131369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/oby.23447","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"4925_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1055\/S-2001-16855\/ID\/24\/BIB","volume":"213","author":"HL M\u00fcller","year":"2001","unstructured":"M\u00fcller HL, Bueb K, Bartels U et al (2001) Obesity after childhood craniopharyngioma - German multicenter study on pre-operative risk factors and quality of life. Klin Padiatr 213:244\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/S-2001-16855\/ID\/24\/BIB","journal-title":"Klin Padiatr"},{"key":"4925_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1210\/JC.2003-030442","volume":"89","author":"S Srinivasan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Srinivasan S, Ogle GD, Garnett SP et al (2004) Features of the metabolic syndrome after Childhood Craniopharyngioma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:81\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/JC.2003-030442","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"4925_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3298","DOI":"10.1210\/JC.2003-031751","volume":"89","author":"HL M\u00fcller","year":"2004","unstructured":"M\u00fcller HL, Emser A, Faldum A et al (2004) Longitudinal study on growth and body Mass Index before and after diagnosis of Childhood Craniopharyngioma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:3298\u20133305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/JC.2003-031751","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"4925_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1055\/S-2003-42722\/ID\/24\/BIB","volume":"111","author":"HL M\u00fcller","year":"2003","unstructured":"M\u00fcller HL, Heinrich M, Bueb K et al (2003) Perioperative dexamethasone treatment in childhood craniopharyngioma - influence on short-term and long-term weight gain. Experimental Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 111:330\u2013334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/S-2003-42722\/ID\/24\/BIB","journal-title":"Experimental Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"key":"4925_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1055\/S-2003-45499\/ID\/20\/BIB","volume":"215","author":"HL M\u00fcller","year":"2003","unstructured":"M\u00fcller HL, Faldum A, Etavard-Gorris N et al (2003) Functional capacity, obesity and hypothalamic Involvement: cross-sectional study on 212 patients with Childhood Craniopharyngioma. Klin Padiatr 215:310\u2013314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/S-2003-45499\/ID\/20\/BIB","journal-title":"Klin Padiatr"},{"key":"4925_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/1824-7288-37-38","volume":"37","author":"L Iughetti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Iughetti L, Bruzzi P (2011) Obesity and craniopharyngioma. Ital J Pediatr 37:38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1824-7288-37-38","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"key":"4925_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.2147\/VHRM.S2881","volume":"4","author":"AA Siviero-Miachon","year":"2008","unstructured":"Siviero-Miachon AA, Spinola-Castro AM, Guerra G (2008) Detection of metabolic syndrome features among childhood cancer survivors: a target to prevent disease. Vasc Health Risk Manag 4:825\u2013836. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/VHRM.S2881","journal-title":"Vasc Health Risk Manag"},{"key":"4925_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(95)90004-7","volume":"44","author":"JO Johansson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Johansson JO, Fowelin J, Landin K et al (1995) Growth hormone-deficient adults are insulin-resistant. Metabolism 44:1126\u20131129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0026-0495(95)90004-7","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"4925_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-010-1301-0","volume":"27","author":"A Ondruch","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ondruch A, Maryniak A, Kropiwnicki T et al (2011) Cognitive and social functioning in children and adolescents after the removal of craniopharyngioma. Child\u2019s Nerv Syst 27:391\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00381-010-1301-0","journal-title":"Child\u2019s Nerv Syst"},{"key":"4925_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e76562","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0076562","volume":"8","author":"G Zada","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zada G, Kintz N, Pulido M, Amezcua L (2013) Prevalence of Neurobehavioral, Social, and emotional dysfunction in patients treated for Childhood Craniopharyngioma: a systematic literature review. PLoS ONE 8:e76562. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0076562","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4925_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1159\/000512161","volume":"111","author":"P Iglesias","year":"2021","unstructured":"Iglesias P, Nocete I, Moure Rodr\u00edguez MD et al (2021) Craniopharyngioma in the Elderly: a Multicenter and Nationwide Study in Spain. Neuroendocrinology 111:925\u2013936. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000512161","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"4925_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMOA2213329","volume":"389","author":"PK Brastianos","year":"2023","unstructured":"Brastianos PK, Twohy E, Geyer S et al (2023) BRAF\u2013MEK inhibition in newly diagnosed Papillary Craniopharyngiomas. N Engl J Med 389:118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMOA2213329","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"4925_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e117","DOI":"10.1016\/J.WNEU.2023.08.137","volume":"180","author":"ZP Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu ZP, Wang YL, Wang LC et al (2023) Case Report: successful use of BRAF\/MEK inhibitors in aggressive BRAF-mutant Craniopharyngioma. World Neurosurg 180:e117\u2013e126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.WNEU.2023.08.137","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"4925_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.6004\/JNCCN.2020.7624","volume":"18","author":"K Khaddour","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khaddour K, Chicoine MR, Huang J et al (2020) Successful use of BRAF\/MEK inhibitors as a Neoadjuvant Approach in the definitive treatment of Papillary Craniopharyngioma. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 18:1590\u20131595. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6004\/JNCCN.2020.7624","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"key":"4925_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Calvanese F, Jacquesson T, Manet R et al (2022) Neoadjuvant B-RAF and MEK inhibitor targeted therapy for adult Papillary craniopharyngiomas: a New Treatment paradigm. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FENDO.2022.882381","DOI":"10.3389\/FENDO.2022.882381"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuro-Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11060-024-04925-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11060-024-04925-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11060-024-04925-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T15:24:33Z","timestamp":1743175473000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11060-024-04925-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["4925"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11060-024-04925-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-594X","1573-7373"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-594X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7373","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}