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This study assessed the relationship between asthma and subsequent glioma diagnosis while reducing potential effects of recall and detection bias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were extracted from the Military Cancer Epidemiology database which includes cancer registry and medical claims data from military and retired servicemembers and their dependents. Cases were individuals with a pathology-confirmed glioma diagnosis between 1998 and 2014. Cancer free-controls were matched to cases by sex, race, age, and active-duty military status. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals for the relationship between asthma and subsequent glioma diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cases were less likely to have been diagnosed with asthma than controls [OR\u2009=\u20090.72 (0.57, 0.92)], specifically among high-grade gliomas [OR\u2009=\u20090.71 (0.52, 0.98)] and large (&gt;\u200937\u00a0mm) tumors [OR\u2009=\u20090.60 (0.39, 0.93)]. Cases were less likely to have been diagnosed with asthma 13\u201336 months [OR\u2009=\u20090.53 (0.33, 0.87)] and &gt;\u200936 months [OR\u2009=\u20090.75 (0.56, 0.99)] before a glioma diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found an inverse association between asthma and subsequently diagnosed malignant glioma, notably among high-grade gliomas and large tumors. However, no association was observed for small tumors or with asthma diagnosed within 12 months prior to glioma diagnosis, suggesting that greater surveillance after asthma might increase the detection of a glioma. These findings suggest that potential detection bias might have obscured the inverse association between asthma and glioma, particularly among low-grade gliomas and circumscribed gliomas and glioneuronal tumors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-026-05498-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T16:13:40Z","timestamp":1773159220000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The relationship between asthma and glioma: a case-control study in a universal access healthcare system"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"177","author":[{"given":"Julie A.","family":"Bytnar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly R.","family":"Robins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett J.","family":"Theeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig D.","family":"Shriver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kangmin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"5498_CR1","unstructured":"Surveillance E (2019) 1969\u20132017 Counties. to County attributes\u2014total U.S., and end results program. 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