{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T08:14:37Z","timestamp":1788250477565,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurooncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 2021 WHO classification permits diagnosis of glioblastoma in IDH-wildtype diffuse astrocytic tumors with TERT promoter mutation, EGFR amplification, or chromosome 7 gain\/10 loss, even without necrosis or microvascular proliferation. The clinical behavior of these molecularly defined glioblastomas (molGBM) remains uncertain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed patients with molGBM treated at Hannover Medical School between 2017 and 2024. A contemporaneous histologically defined glioblastoma cohort (hisGBM) served as a control group in an approximately 1:3 ratio. MolGBM were stratified by histological grade and additionally compared with IDH-mutant astrocytomas of corresponding grade. Survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression, and propensity score matching.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-four patients with molGBM and 103 with hisGBM were included. Compared with hisGBM, molGBM patients were younger (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), had higher Karnofsky Performance Status (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and more often presented with seizures (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006), whereas focal neurological deficits were more frequent in hisGBM. MolGBM showed less contrast enhancement (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and lower Ki-67 indices (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Median overall survival was longer in molGBM (539 vs. 374 days;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.032), but tumor group was not independently associated with survival after adjustment for age and KPS (HR 1.21, 95% CI 0.77\u20131.90;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.411). In the matched cohort, overall survival did not differ significantly (517 vs. 468 days;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.670). MolGBM had inferior survival to grade-corresponding IDH-mutant astrocytomas (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MolGBM shows a distinct clinical-radiological phenotype, while its apparent survival advantage over hisGBM is influenced by baseline clinical differences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical trial number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Not applicable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-026-05752-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:47:14Z","timestamp":1786121234000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecularly diagnosed glioblastoma: clinical presentation and outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"179","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7976-7113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harold F.","family":"Hounchonou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manolis","family":"Polemikos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariyan","family":"Pirayesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genis","family":"Bajgora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shadi","family":"Al-Afif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim K.","family":"Krauss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"5752_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab106","volume":"23","author":"DN Louis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Louis DN, Perry A, Wesseling P, Brat DJ, Cree IA, Figarella-Branger D, Hawkins C, Ng HK, Pfister SM, Reifenberger G, Soffietti R, von Deimling A, Ellison DW (2021) The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. 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