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Emerging evidence indicates that the nuclear receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor \u03b2\/\u03b4 (PPAR-\u03b2\/\u03b4), plays a crucial role in the pathological process of central nervous impairment. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effects of PPAR-\u03b2\/\u03b4 activation using a selective PPAR-\u03b2\/\u03b4 agonist, GW0742, against brain injury after ICH in a mouse model. ICH was induced by intravenous injection of collagenase into the right caudate putamen. To examine the protective effect of PPAR-\u03b2\/\u03b4 activation against ICH-induced brain injury, mice were either intraperitoneally injected with GW0742 (3\u00a0mg\/kg, body weight) or saline (control group) 30\u00a0min before inducing ICH. Behavioral dysfunction was evaluated 24 and 72\u00a0h after injury. Then, all mice were killed to assess hematoma volume, brain water content, and blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) permeability. TUNEL and Nissl staining were performed to quantify the brain injury. The expression of PPAR-\u03b2\/\u03b4, interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1, Bcl-2-related X-protein (Bax), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in the perihematomal area was examined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis. Mice treated with GW0742 showed significantly less severe behavioral deficits compared to the control group, accompanied by increased expression of PPAR-\u03b2\/\u03b4 and Bcl-2, and increased expression of IL-1\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1, and Bax decreased simultaneously in the GW0742-treated group. Furthermore, the GW0742-pretreated group showed significantly less brain edema and BBB leakage. Neuronal loss was attenuated, and the number of apoptotic neuronal cells in perihematomal tissues reduced, in the GW0742-pretreated group compared to the control group. However, the hematoma volume did not decrease significantly on day 3 after ICH. These results suggest that the activation of PPAR-\u03b2\/\u03b4 exerts a neuroprotective effect on ICH-induced brain injury, possibly through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-020-02956-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T09:02:51Z","timestamp":1578992571000},"page":"837-850","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Activation of PPAR-\u03b2\/\u03b4 Attenuates Brain Injury by Suppressing Inflammation and Apoptosis in a Collagenase-Induced Intracerebral Hemorrhage Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Xiangming","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunning","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingge","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongmei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaoyao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinjiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2956_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.06.012","volume":"45","author":"A Shao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shao A, Zhu Z, Li L, Zhang S, Zhang J (2019) Emerging therapeutic targets associated with the immune system in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (ich): from mechanisms to translation. 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