{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T12:25:41Z","timestamp":1780403141524,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643241600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurochem Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-022-03539-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T06:02:43Z","timestamp":1643263363000},"page":"1395-1404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The Beneficial Effect of Probiotics Supplementation on Penicillin-Induced Focal Seizure in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Nildem","family":"K\u0131z\u0131laslan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orhan","family":"Sumbul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4272-0562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hatice","family":"Aygun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"3539_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2019) Epilepsy. World Health Organization. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/epilepsy"},{"issue":"3","key":"3539_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2017.02.003","volume":"21","author":"B Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen B, Detyniecki K, Choi H et al (2017) Psychiatric and behavioral side effects of anti-epileptic drugs in adolescents and children with epilepsy. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 21(3):441\u2013449","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"12","key":"3539_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16744","volume":"61","author":"M Holmes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Holmes M, Flaminio Z, Vardhan M et al (2020) Cross talk between drug-resistant epilepsy and the gut microbiome. Epilepsia 61(12):2619\u20132628","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"3539_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104576","volume":"135","author":"G Lum","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lum G, Olson C, Hsiaso E (2020) Emerging roles for the intestinal microbiome in epilepsy. Neurobiol Dis 135:104576","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"3539_CR5","first-page":"127","volume":"57","author":"R Catanzaro","year":"2014","unstructured":"Catanzaro R, Anzalone M, Calabrese F et al (2014) The gut microbiota and its correlations with the central nervous system disorders. Panminerva Med 57(3):127\u2013143","journal-title":"Panminerva Med"},{"key":"3539_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2019.03.038","volume":"95","author":"S Bagheri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bagheri S, Heydari A, Alinaghipour A, Salami M (2019) Effect of probiotic supplementation on seizure activity and cognitive performance in PTZ-induced chemical kindling. Epilepsy Behav 95:43\u201350","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"3539_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0192452","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0192452","volume":"13","author":"FP Douillard","year":"2018","unstructured":"Douillard FP, Mora D, Eijlander RT et al (2018) Comparative genomic analysis of the multispecies probiotic-marketed product VSL#3. PLoS ONE 13:e0192452","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"3539_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v8.i8.1361","volume":"8","author":"FS Cheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheng FS, Pan D, Chang B et al (2020) Probiotic mixture VSL# 3: an overview of basic and clinical studies in chronic diseases. World J Clin Cases 8(8):1361","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"issue":"8","key":"3539_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.201100024","volume":"33","author":"M Lyte","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lyte M (2011) Probiotics function mechanistically as delivery vehicles for neuroactive compounds: microbial endocrinology in the design and use of probiotics. BioEssays 33(8):574\u2013581","journal-title":"BioEssays"},{"issue":"2","key":"3539_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2012.05344.x","volume":"113","author":"E Barrett","year":"2012","unstructured":"Barrett E, Ross RP, O\u2019Toole PWC et al (2012) gamma-Aminobutyric acid production by culturable bacteria from the human intestine. J Appl Microbiol 113(2):411\u2013417","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"3539_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2015.02.021","volume":"63","author":"TG Dinan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dinan TG, Stilling RM, Stanton C, Cryan JF (2015) Collective unconscious: how gut microbes shape human behavior. J Psychiatr Res 63:1\u20139","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"3539_CR12","unstructured":"Yue Q, Ca, M, Xiao B et al (2021). The Microbiota\u2013Gut\u2013Brain Axis and Epilepsy. Cell Mol Neurobiol 1\u201315"},{"key":"3539_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2019.106897","volume":"104","author":"S Tahmasebi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tahmasebi S, Oryan S, Mohajerani HR et al (2020) Probiotics and Nigella sativa extract supplementation improved behavioral and electrophysiological effects of PTZ-induced chemical kindling in rats. Epilepsy Behav 104:106897","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"3539_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12550","volume":"55","author":"RS Fisher","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fisher RS, Acevedo C, Arzimanoglou A et al (2014) ILAE official report: a practical clinical definition of epilepsy. Epilepsia 55(4):475\u2013482","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"3539_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.107797","volume":"116","author":"H Aygun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aygun H, Ayyildiz M (2021) Vortioxetine increases absence-like seizures in WAG\/Rij rats but decreases penicillin-and pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in Wistar rats. Epilepsy Behav 116:107797","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"7","key":"3539_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2017-0648","volume":"43","author":"SAN Azm","year":"2018","unstructured":"Azm SAN, Djazayeri A, Safa M, Azami K, Ahmadvand B, Sabbaghziarani F, Vafa M (2018) Lactobacilli and bifidobacteria ameliorate memory and learning deficits and oxidative stress in \u03b2-amyloid (1\u201342) injected rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 43(7):718\u2013726","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab"},{"key":"3539_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2019.112183","volume":"376","author":"ZR Asl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Asl ZR, Sepehri G, Salami M (2019) Probiotic treatment improves the impaired spatial cognitive performance and restores synaptic plasticity in an animal model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Behav Brain Res 376:112183","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"3539_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beltagy DM, Nawar NF, Mohamed TM, Tousson E, El-Keey MM (2021) Beneficial consequences of probiotic on mitochondrial hippocampus in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Compl Integrat Med","DOI":"10.1515\/jcim-2020-0156"},{"issue":"1","key":"3539_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-020-02062-2","volume":"18","author":"Z Dwyer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dwyer Z, Chaiquin M, Landrigan J, Ayoub K, Shail P, Rocha J, Hayley S (2021) The impact of dextran sodium sulphate and probiotic pre-treatment in a murine model of Parkinson\u2019s disease. J Neuroinflammation 18(1):1\u201315","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"20","key":"3539_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3769","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-017-2550-9","volume":"74","author":"S Westfall","year":"2017","unstructured":"Westfall S, Lomis N, Kahouli I et al (2017) Microbiome, probiotics and neurodegenerative diseases: deciphering the gut brain axis. Cell Mol Life Sci 74(20):3769\u20133787","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"3539_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2013.01.005","volume":"36","author":"JA Foster","year":"2013","unstructured":"Foster JA, McVey Neufeld KA (2013) Gut-brain axis: how the microbiome influences anxiety and depression. Trends Neurosci 36:305\u2013312","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"3539_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2014.08.018","volume":"56","author":"K Nemani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nemani K, Hosseini Ghomi R et al (2015) Schizophrenia and the gut-brain axis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 56:155\u2013160","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"3539_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6152","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612822666160907093807","volume":"22","author":"CA Kohler","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kohler CA, Maes M, Slyepchenko A et al (2016) The gut-brain axis, including the microbiome, leaky gut and bacterial translocation: mechanisms and pathophysiological role in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Curr Pharm Des 22:6152\u20136166","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"3539_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.08.024","volume":"81","author":"HE Vuong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vuong HE, Hsiao EY (2017) Emerging roles for the gut microbiome in autism spectrum disorder. Biol Psychiatry 81:411\u2013423","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"3539_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2018.0018","volume":"9","author":"M G\u00f3mez-Egu\u00edlaz","year":"2018","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Egu\u00edlaz M, Ram\u00f3n-Trapero JL, P\u00e9rez-Mart\u00ednez L, Blanco JR (2018) The beneficial effect of probiotics as a supplementary treatment in drug-resistant epilepsy: a pilot study. Benefic Microbes 9(6):875\u2013881","journal-title":"Benefic Microbes"},{"key":"3539_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan Y, Wang H, Liu X, et al (2019) Crosstalk between the ketogenic diet and epilepsy: from the perspective of gut microbiota. Mediators Inflamm 8373060.","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8373060"},{"issue":"2","key":"3539_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16813","volume":"62","author":"R Citraro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Citraro R, Lembo F, De Caro C et al (2021) First evidence of altered microbiota and intestinal damage and their link to absence epilepsy in a genetic animal model, the WAG\/Rij rat. Epilepsia 62(2):529\u2013541","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"2","key":"3539_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.12114","volume":"3","author":"JS Medel-Matus","year":"2018","unstructured":"Medel-Matus JS, Shin D, Dorfman E, Sankar R, Mazarati A (2018) Facilitation of kindling epileptogenesis by chronic stress may be mediated by intestinal microbiome. Epilepsia Open 3(2):290\u2013294","journal-title":"Epilepsia Open"},{"key":"3539_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2018.09.013","volume":"147","author":"A Peng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Peng A, Qiu X, Lai W et al (2018) Altered composition of the gut microbiome in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 147:102\u2013107","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"3539_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a022699","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a022699","volume":"6","author":"A Vezzani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vezzani A, Lang B, Aronica E (2015) Immunity and inflammation in epilepsy. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 6(2):a022699","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"3539_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2004.01.024","volume":"152","author":"KA Lehtimaki","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lehtimaki KA, Keranen T, Huhtala H et al (2004) Regulation of IL-6 system in cerebrospinal fuid and serum compartments by seizures: the effect of seizure type and duration. J Neuroimmunol 152(1\u20132):121\u2013125","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"3539_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choudhary A, Varshney R, Kumar A et al (2021) A prospective study of novel therapeutic targets interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor \u03b1, and interferon \u03b3 as predictive biomarkers for the development of posttraumatic epilepsy.\u00a0World Neurosurg X,\u00a012.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wnsx.2021.100107"},{"key":"3539_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.02.007","volume":"63","author":"EE de Vries","year":"2016","unstructured":"de Vries EE, van den Munckhof B, Braun KP et al (2016) Inflammatory mediators in human epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 63:177\u2013190","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"3539_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10635","volume":"73","author":"H Samland","year":"2003","unstructured":"Samland H, Huitron-Resendiz S, Masliah E et al (2003) Profound increase in sensitivity to glutamatergic-but not cholinergic agonist-induced seizures in transgenic mice with astrocyte production of IL-6. J Neurosci Res 73(2):176\u2013187","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"3539_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00392","volume":"9","author":"JR Kelly","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kelly JR, Kennedy PJ, Cryan JF et al (2015) Breaking down the barriers: the gut microbiome, intestinal permeability and stress-related psychiatric disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 9:392","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"3539_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7885","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5b02404","volume":"63","author":"X Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu X, Cao S, Zhang X (2015) Modulation of gut microbiotabrain axis by probiotics, prebiotics, and diet. J Agricultural and Food Chem 63:7885\u20137895","journal-title":"J Agricultural and Food Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"3539_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2014.10.031","volume":"13","author":"RN Fedorak","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fedorak RN, Feagan BG, Hotte N et al (2015) The probiotic VSL# 3 has anti-inflammatory effects and could reduce endoscopic recurrence after surgery for Crohn\u2019s disease. Clini Gastroenterol Hepatol 13(5):928\u2013935","journal-title":"Clini Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3539_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.2174\/187152711798072347","volume":"10","author":"M Banach","year":"2011","unstructured":"Banach M, Piskorska B, Czuczwar JS, Borowicz K (2011) Nitric oxide, epileptic seizures, and action of antiepileptic drugs. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 10(7):808\u2013819","journal-title":"CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets"},{"issue":"18","key":"3539_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2454","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199412000-00012","volume":"5","author":"C Marangoz","year":"1994","unstructured":"Marangoz C, Ayyildiz M, A\u011far E (1994) Evidence that sodium nitroprusside possesses anticonvulsant effects mediated through nitric oxide. NeuroReport 5(18):2454\u20132456","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"issue":"10","key":"3539_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.2000.tb04603.x","volume":"41","author":"T Gonz\u00e1lez-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Hern\u00e1ndez T, Garc\u00eda-Mar\u00edn V, Perez-Delgado MDM et al (2000) Nitric oxide synthase expression in the cerebral cortex of patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia 41(10):1259\u20131268","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"3","key":"3539_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(03)00037-X","volume":"27","author":"V Bashkatova","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bashkatova V, Narkevich V, Vitskova G, Vanin A (2003) The influence of anticonvulsant and antioxidant drugs on nitric oxide level and lipid peroxidation in the rat brain during penthylenetetrazole-induced epileptiform model seizures. Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 27(3):487\u2013492","journal-title":"Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"3539_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1385\/JMN:14:3:183","volume":"14","author":"VG Bashkatova","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bashkatova VG, Yu VG, Narkevich VB et al (2000) Nitric oxide content measured by ESR-spectroscopy in the rat brain is increased during pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures. J Mol Neurosci 14:183\u2013190","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"3539_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)03669-7","volume":"957","author":"D Milatovic","year":"2002","unstructured":"Milatovic D, Gupta RC, Dettbarn WD (2002) Involvement of nitric oxide in kainic acid-induced excitotoxicity in rat brain. Brain Res 957(2):330\u2013337","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"3539_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2016.05.013","volume":"93","author":"S Puttachary","year":"2016","unstructured":"Puttachary S, Sharma S, Verma S et al (2016) 1400W, a highly selective inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor is a potential disease modifier in the rat kainate model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurobiol Dis 93:184\u2013200","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"3539_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5257","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-0112","volume":"48","author":"EC Leal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Leal EC et al (2007) Inducible nitric oxide synthase isoform is a key mediator of leukostasis and blood-retinal barrier breakdown in diabetic retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 48:5257\u20135265","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"3539_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23567","volume":"72","author":"L Librizzi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Librizzi L et al (2012) Seizure-induced brain-borne inflammation sustains seizure recurrence and blood\u2013brain barrier damage. Ann Neurol 72:82\u201390","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"3539_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-013-9990-y","volume":"51","author":"S Yang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yang S et al (2013) Hemoglobin-induced nitric oxide synthase overexpression and nitric oxide production contribute to blood\u2013brain barrier disruption in the rat. J Mol Neurosci 51:352\u2013363","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"3539_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.3746\/pnf.2020.25.2.113","volume":"25","author":"A Aoun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aoun A, Darwish F, Hamod N (2020) The influence of the gut microbiome on obesity in adults and the role of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics for weight loss. Prevent Nutrition Food Sci 25:113\u2013123","journal-title":"Prevent Nutrition Food Sci"},{"key":"3539_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8081148","volume":"8","author":"M Wici \u00b4nski","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wici \u00b4nski M, \u02dbebalski G, Go\u0142 \u02dbebiewski J, Malinowski B (2020) Probiotics for the treatment of overweight and obesity in humans\u2014a review of clinical trials. Microorganisms 8:1148","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"3","key":"3539_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-70.3.700","volume":"70","author":"MC Collado","year":"2007","unstructured":"Collado MC, Surono IS, Meriluoto J et al (2007) Potential probiotic characteristics of Lactobacillus and Enterococcus strains isolated from traditional dadih fermented milk against pathogen intestinal colonization. J Food Prot 70(3):700\u2013705","journal-title":"J Food Prot"},{"key":"3539_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/17446651.2020.1719068","volume":"15","author":"M Daniali","year":"2020","unstructured":"Daniali M, Nikfar S, Abdollahi M (2020) A brief overview on the use of probiotics to treat overweight and obese patients. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 15:1\u20134","journal-title":"Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"3539_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/206731","volume":"2015","author":"L Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen L, Zou Y, Peng J et al (2015) Lactobacillus acidophilus suppresses colitis-associated activation of the IL-23\/Th17 axis. J Immunol Res 2015:1\u201310","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"3539_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.4158\/EP151157.RA","volume":"22","author":"E Barengolts","year":"2016","unstructured":"Barengolts E (2016) Gut microbiota, prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics in management of obesity and prediabetes: review of randomized controlled trials. Endocr Pract 22(10):1224\u20131234","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"3539_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2018.10.039","volume":"52","author":"H-S Ejtahed","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ejtahed H-S, Angoorani P, Soroush A-R et al (2019) Probiotics supplementation for the obesity management; a systematic review of animal studies and clinical trials. J Funct Foods 52:228\u2013242","journal-title":"J Funct Foods"},{"key":"3539_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2364","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21230","volume":"23","author":"KL Osterberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Osterberg KL, Boutagy NE, McMillan RP et al (2015) Probiotic supplementation attenuates increases in body mass and fat mass during high-fat diet in healthy young adults. Obesity 23:2364\u20132370","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"3539_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2357","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21212","volume":"23","author":"NE Boutagy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Boutagy NE, Neilson AP, Osterberg KL et al (2015) (2015) Probiotic supplementation and trimethylamine-N-oxide production following a high-fat diet. Obesity (Silver Spring) 23:2357\u20132363","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"3539_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25088","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.452516","volume":"288","author":"H Yadav","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yadav H, Lee JH, Lloyd J et al (2013) Beneficial metabolic effects of a probiotic via butyrate-induced GLP-1 hormone secretion. J Biol Chem 288:25088\u201325097","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"3539_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5305","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.179192","volume":"587","author":"BF Belgardt","year":"2009","unstructured":"Belgardt BF, Okamura T, Br\u00fcning JC (2009) Hormone and glucose signalling in POMC and AgRP neurons. J Physiol 587:5305\u20135314","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"3539_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200317110-00002","volume":"17","author":"V Biton","year":"2003","unstructured":"Biton V (2003) Effect of antiepileptic drugs on bodyweight. CNS Drugs 17(11):781\u2013791","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"3539_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2014.10.021","volume":"42","author":"B Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen B, Choi H, Hirsch LJ et al (2015) Cosmetic side effects of antiepileptic drugs in adults with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 42:129\u2013137","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"}],"container-title":["Neurochemical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11064-022-03539-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11064-022-03539-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11064-022-03539-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]],"date-time":"2022-10-24T02:11:40Z","timestamp":1666577500000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11064-022-03539-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["3539"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11064-022-03539-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-3190","1573-6903"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-3190","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6903","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 August 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 January 2022","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 January 2022","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 January 2022","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}