{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T15:50:54Z","timestamp":1772639454381,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":188,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769212800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurochem Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-026-04674-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T03:09:14Z","timestamp":1769224154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Harnessing Endogenous Neural Stem Cells: A New Frontier in Spinal Cord Injury Repair"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Mengxian","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanyi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huihui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qinjiao","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanzhu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaowu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Honglin","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhihui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"4674_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-024-01199-x","volume":"40","author":"J Lin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lin J, Sun Y, Xia B, Wang Y, Xie C, Wang J, Hu J, Zhu L (2024) Mertk reduces blood-spinal cord barrier permeability through the Rhoa\/Rock1\/P-MLC pathway after spinal cord injury. Neurosci Bull 40:1230\u20131244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-024-01199-x","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1002\/ibra.12048","volume":"8","author":"YT Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang YT, Yuan H (2022) Research progress of endogenous neural stem cells in spinal cord injury. Ibrain 8:199\u2013209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ibra.12048","journal-title":"Ibrain"},{"key":"4674_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-022-00959-x","volume":"38","author":"Z Gao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao Z, Pang Z, Chen Y, Lei G, Zhu S, Li G, Shen Y, Xu W (2022) Restoring after central nervous system injuries: neural mechanisms and translational applications of motor recovery. Neurosci Bull 38:1569\u20131587. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-022-00959-x","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-023-01152-4","volume":"40","author":"S Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang S, Chen Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Yao D, Chen G (2024) Tau accumulation in the spinal cord contributes to chronic inflammatory pain by upregulation of IL-1\u03b2 and BDNF. Neurosci Bull 40:466\u2013482. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-023-01152-4","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.784647","volume":"12","author":"B Jiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiang B, Sun D, Sun H, Ru X, Liu H, Ge S, Fu J, Wang W (2021) Prevalence, incidence, and external causes of traumatic spinal cord injury in China: a nationally representative cross-sectional survey. Front Neurol 12:784647. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2021.784647","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"4674_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-023-03395-4","volume":"14","author":"FJ Rodriguez-Jimenez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Jimenez FJ, Jendelova P, Erceg S (2023) The activation of dormant ependymal cells following spinal cord injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 14:175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-023-03395-4","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"4674_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3966","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.84133","volume":"13","author":"J Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li J, Luo W, Xiao C, Zhao J, Xiang C, Liu W, Gu R (2023) Recent advances in endogenous neural stem\/progenitor cell manipulation for spinal cord injury repair. Theranostics 13:3966\u20133987. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/thno.84133","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"4674_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-022-00956-0","volume":"39","author":"M Ge","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ge M, Sheikhshahrokh A, Shi X, Zhang YH, Xu Z, Wu QF (2023) A spacetime odyssey of neural progenitors to generate neuronal diversity. Neurosci Bull 39:645\u2013658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-022-00956-0","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-023-01121-x","volume":"40","author":"Y Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li Y, He J (2024) Neural stem cell competition. Neurosci Bull 40:277\u2013279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-023-01121-x","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.09.006","volume":"164","author":"LK Hamilton","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hamilton LK, Truong MK, Bednarczyk MR, Aumont A, Fernandes KJ (2009) Cellular organization of the central canal ependymal zone, a niche of latent neural stem cells in the adult mammalian spinal cord. Neuroscience 164:1044\u20131056. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.09.006","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"4674_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23480","volume":"93","author":"Y Qin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Qin Y, Zhang W, Yang P (2015) Current states of endogenous stem cells in adult spinal cord. J Neurosci Res 93:391\u2013398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jnr.23480","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"4674_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-022-00950-6","volume":"39","author":"Y Bai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bai Y, Ren H, Bian L, Zhou Y, Wang X, Xiong Z, Liu Z, Han B et al (2023) Regulation of glial function by noncoding RNA in central nervous system disease. Neurosci Bull 39:440\u2013452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-022-00950-6","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-023-01128-4","volume":"40","author":"Y Xia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xia Y, Ding L, Zhang C, Xu Q, Shi M, Gao T, Zhou FQ, Deng DYB (2024) Inflammatory factor IL1\u03b1 induces aberrant astrocyte proliferation in spinal cord injury through the Grin2c\/Ca(2+)\/CaMK2b pathway. Neurosci Bull 40:421\u2013438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-023-01128-4","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.09.009","volume":"68","author":"SH Kang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kang SH, Fukaya M, Yang JK, Rothstein JD, Bergles DE (2010) NG2\u2009+\u2009CNS glial progenitors remain committed to the oligodendrocyte lineage in postnatal life and following neurodegeneration. Neuron 68:668\u2013681. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.09.009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"4674_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2021.02.009","volume":"28","author":"W Tai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tai W, Wu W, Wang LL, Ni H, Chen C, Yang J, Zang T, Zou Y et al (2021) In vivo reprogramming of NG2 glia enables adult neurogenesis and functional recovery following spinal cord injury. Cell Stem Cell 28:923\u2013937. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stem.2021.02.009","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"4674_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16383","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.3411-10.2010","volume":"30","author":"RB Tripathi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tripathi RB, Rivers LE, Young KM, Jamen F, Richardson WD (2010) NG2 glia generate new oligodendrocytes but few astrocytes in a murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of demyelinating disease. J Neurosci 30:16383\u201316390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.3411-10.2010","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2010.07.014","volume":"7","author":"F Barnab\u00e9-Heider","year":"2010","unstructured":"Barnab\u00e9-Heider F, G\u00f6ritz C, Sabelstr\u00f6m H, Takebayashi H, Pfrieger FW, Meletis K, Fris\u00e9n J (2010) Origin of new glial cells in intact and injured adult spinal cord. Cell Stem Cell 7:470\u2013482. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stem.2010.07.014","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"4674_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060182","volume":"6","author":"K Meletis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Meletis K, Barnab\u00e9-Heider F, Carl\u00e9n M, Evergren E, Tomilin N, Shupliakov O, Fris\u00e9n J (2008) Spinal cord injury reveals multilineage differentiation of ependymal cells. PLoS Biol 6:e182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060182","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"4674_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2014.3575","volume":"32","author":"T Cawsey","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cawsey T, Duflou J, Weickert CS, Gorrie CA (2015) Nestin-positive ependymal cells are increased in the human spinal cord after traumatic central nervous system injury. J Neurotrauma 32:1393\u20131402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/neu.2014.3575","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"4674_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.24","volume":"27","author":"V Moreno-Manzano","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moreno-Manzano V, Rodr\u00edguez-Jim\u00e9nez FJ, Garc\u00eda-Rosell\u00f3 M, La\u00ednez S, Erceg S, Calvo MT, Ronaghi M, Lloret M et al (2009) Activated spinal cord ependymal stem cells rescue neurological function. Stem Cells 27:733\u2013743. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/stem.24","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"4674_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2015.01.001","volume":"32","author":"CG Becker","year":"2015","unstructured":"Becker CG, Becker T (2015) Neuronal regeneration from ependymo-radial glial cells: cook, little pot, cook! Dev Cell 32:516\u2013527. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.devcel.2015.01.001","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"4674_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.927","volume":"8","author":"E Saker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Saker E, Henry BM, Tomaszewski KA, Loukas M, Iwanaga J, Oskouian RJ, Tubbs RS (2016) The human central canal of the spinal cord: a comprehensive review of its anatomy, embryology, molecular development, variants, and pathology. Cureus 8:e927. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.927","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"4674_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.1108-04.2005","volume":"25","author":"N Spassky","year":"2005","unstructured":"Spassky N, Merkle FT, Flames N, Tramontin AD, Garc\u00eda-Verdugo JM, Alvarez-Buylla A (2005) Adult ependymal cells are postmitotic and are derived from radial glial cells during embryogenesis. J Neurosci 25:10\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.1108-04.2005","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10481","volume":"456","author":"H Fu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fu H, Qi Y, Tan M, Cai J, Hu X, Liu Z, Jensen J, Qiu M (2003) Molecular mapping of the origin of postnatal spinal cord ependymal cells: evidence that adult ependymal cells are derived from Nkx6.1\u2009+\u2009ventral neural progenitor cells. J Comp Neurol 456:237\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.10481","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"4674_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201694206","volume":"35","author":"EK Vladar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vladar EK, Mitchell BJ (2016) It\u2019s a family act: the Geminin triplets take center stage in motile ciliogenesis. EMBO J 35:904\u2013906. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15252\/embj.201694206","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"4674_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23118","volume":"65","author":"C Kyrousi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kyrousi C, Lygerou Z, Taraviras S (2017) How a radial glial cell decides to become a multiciliated ependymal cell. Glia 65:1032\u20131042. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/glia.23118","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"4674_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa1934","volume":"347","author":"A Zeisel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zeisel A, Mu\u00f1oz-Manchado AB, Codeluppi S, L\u00f6nnerberg P, La Manno G, Jur\u00e9us A, Marques S, Munguba H et al (2015) Brain structure. Cell types in the mouse cortex and hippocampus revealed by single-cell RNA-seq. Science 347:1138\u20131142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aaa1934","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"4674_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.07.087","volume":"28","author":"DJ Di Bella","year":"2019","unstructured":"Di Bella DJ, Carcagno AL, Bartolomeu ML, Pardi MB, L\u00f6hr H, Siegel N, Hammerschmidt M, Mar\u00edn-Burgin A et al (2019) Ascl1 balances neuronal versus ependymal fate in the spinal cord central Canal. Cell Rep 28:2264\u20132274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.07.087","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"4674_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(88)90082-6","volume":"24","author":"J Gabrion","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gabrion J, Peraldi S, Faivre-Bauman A, Klotz C, Ghandour MS, Paulin D, Assenmacher I, Tixier-Vidal A (1988) Characterization of ependymal cells in hypothalamic and choroidal primary cultures. Neuroscience 24:993\u20131007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0306-4522(88)90082-6","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"4674_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.14336\/ad.2022.0826-1","volume":"14","author":"S Deng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Deng S, Gan L, Liu C, Xu T, Zhou S, Guo Y, Zhang Z, Yang GY et al (2023) Roles of ependymal cells in the physiology and pathology of the central nervous system. Aging Dis 14:468\u2013483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14336\/ad.2022.0826-1","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"4674_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13759","volume":"8","author":"Z Mirzadeh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mirzadeh Z, Kusne Y, Duran-Moreno M, Cabrales E, Gil-Perotin S, Ortiz C, Chen B, Garcia-Verdugo JM et al (2017) Bi- and uniciliated ependymal cells define continuous floor-plate-derived tanycytic territories. Nat Commun 8:13759. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncomms13759","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"4674_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985815618438","volume":"53","author":"SA Moore","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moore SA (2016) The spinal ependymal layer in health and disease. Vet Pathol 53:746\u2013753. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0300985815618438","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"4674_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.110440","volume":"38","author":"M Stenudd","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stenudd M, Sabelstr\u00f6m H, Llorens-Bobadilla E, Zamboni M, Blom H, Brismar H, Zhang S, Basak O et al (2022) Identification of a discrete subpopulation of spinal cord ependymal cells with neural stem cell properties. Cell Rep 38:110440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.110440","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"4674_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2022.07.012","volume":"57","author":"B Frederico","year":"2022","unstructured":"Frederico B, Martins I, Chapela D, Gasparrini F, Chakravarty P, Ackels T, Piot C, Almeida B et al (2022) DNGR-1-tracing marks an ependymal cell subset with damage-responsive neural stem cell potential. Dev Cell 57:1957\u20131975. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.devcel.2022.07.012","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"4674_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb8795","author":"E Llorens-Bobadilla","year":"2020","unstructured":"Llorens-Bobadilla E, Chell JM, Le Merre P, Wu Y, Zamboni M, Bergenstr\u00e5hle J, Stenudd M, Sopova E et al (2020) A latent lineage potential in resident neural stem cells enables spinal cord repair. Science. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.abb8795","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"4674_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2023.01.003","volume":"58","author":"A Rodrigo Albors","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rodrigo Albors A, Singer GA, Llorens-Bobadilla E, Fris\u00e9n J, May AP, Ponting CP, Storey KG (2023) An ependymal cell census identifies heterogeneous and ongoing cell maturation in the adult mouse spinal cord that changes dynamically on injury. Dev Cell 58:239\u2013255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.devcel.2023.01.003","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"4674_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.70092","volume":"74","author":"Z Zhu","year":"2026","unstructured":"Zhu Z, Luo X, Lin X, Zheng T, Fan Z, Wu Y, Jia M, Zhang W et al (2026) Aldh1L1 lineage cells contribute to the functional heterogeneity within the cells in glial scars after spinal cord injury through YAP signaling. Glia 74:e70092. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/glia.70092","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"4674_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/387513","volume":"2012","author":"A McDonough","year":"2012","unstructured":"McDonough A, Mart\u00ednez-Cerde\u00f1o V (2012) Endogenous proliferation after spinal cord injury in animal models. Stem Cells Int 2012:387513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/387513","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"key":"4674_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.10.011","volume":"131","author":"AJ Mothe","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mothe AJ, Tator CH (2005) Proliferation, migration, and differentiation of endogenous ependymal region stem\/progenitor cells following minimal spinal cord injury in the adult rat. Neuroscience 131:177\u2013187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.10.011","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"4674_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-016-0205-2","volume":"59","author":"H Duan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Duan H, Song W, Zhao W, Gao Y, Yang Z, Li X (2016) Endogenous neurogenesis in adult mammals after spinal cord injury. Sci China Life Sci 59:1313\u20131318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11427-016-0205-2","journal-title":"Sci China Life Sci"},{"key":"4674_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2005.12.051","volume":"397","author":"Y Xu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Xu Y, Kitada M, Yamaguchi M, Dezawa M, Ide C (2006) Increase in bFGF-responsive neural progenitor population following contusion injury of the adult rodent spinal cord. Neurosci Lett 397:174\u2013179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2005.12.051","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"4674_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199905000-00008","volume":"58","author":"J Namiki","year":"1999","unstructured":"Namiki J, Tator CH (1999) Cell proliferation and nestin expression in the ependyma of the adult rat spinal cord after injury. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 58:489\u2013498. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005072-199905000-00008","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"4674_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1958631","volume":"2019","author":"S Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu S, Chen Z (2019) Employing endogenous NSCs to promote recovery of spinal cord injury. Stem Cells Int 2019:1958631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/1958631","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"key":"4674_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2019.11.008","volume":"50","author":"V Moreno-Manzano","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moreno-Manzano V (2020) Ependymal cells in the spinal cord as neuronal progenitors. Curr Opin Pharmacol 50:82\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coph.2019.11.008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"4674_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-022-00897-8","volume":"39","author":"L Gong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gong L, Gu Y, Han X, Luan C, Liu C, Wang X, Sun Y, Zheng M et al (2023) Spatiotemporal dynamics of the molecular expression pattern and intercellular interactions in the glial scar response to spinal cord injury. Neurosci Bull 39:213\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-022-00897-8","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-009-9387-1","volume":"29","author":"D Cizkova","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cizkova D, Nagyova M, Slovinska L, Novotna I, Radonak J, Cizek M, Mechirova E, Tomori Z et al (2009) Response of ependymal progenitors to spinal cord injury or enhanced physical activity in adult rat. Cell Mol Neurobiol 29:999\u20131013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10571-009-9387-1","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"4674_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073728","author":"K Havelikova","year":"2022","unstructured":"Havelikova K, Smejkalova B, Jendelova P (2022) Neurogenesis as a tool for spinal cord injury. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23073728","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4674_CR48","first-page":"3835","volume":"8","author":"Y Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu Y, Tan B, Wang L, Long Z, Li Y, Liao W, Wu Y (2015) Endogenous neural stem cells in central canal of adult rats acquired limited ability to differentiate into neurons following mild spinal cord injury. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 8:3835\u20133842","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"4674_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12155","volume":"20","author":"SQ Huang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang SQ, Tang CL, Sun SQ, Yang C, Xu J, Wang KJ, Lu WT, Huang J et al (2014) Demyelination initiated by oligodendrocyte apoptosis through enhancing endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria interactions and Id2 expression after compressed spinal cord injury in rats. CNS Neurosci Ther 20:20\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cns.12155","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"4674_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-4685-6_15","volume":"468","author":"HS Keirstead","year":"1999","unstructured":"Keirstead HS, Blakemore WF (1999) The role of oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte progenitors in CNS remyelination. Adv Exp Med Biol 468:183\u2013197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4615-4685-6_15","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"4674_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.02.038","volume":"644","author":"L Ma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ma L, Yu HJ, Gan SW, Gong R, Mou KJ, Xue J, Sun SQ (2017) P53-mediated oligodendrocyte apoptosis initiates demyelination after compressed spinal cord injury by enhancing ER-mitochondria interaction and E2F1 expression. Neurosci Lett 644:55\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.02.038","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"4674_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8635","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.2409-16.2017","volume":"37","author":"P Assinck","year":"2017","unstructured":"Assinck P, Duncan GJ, Plemel JR, Lee MJ, Stratton JA, Manesh SB, Liu J, Ramer LM et al (2017) Myelinogenic plasticity of oligodendrocyte precursor cells following spinal cord contusion injury. J Neurosci 37:8635\u20138654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.2409-16.2017","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-022-00981-z","volume":"39","author":"X Hu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hu X, Yu G, Liao X, Xiao L (2023) Interactions between astrocytes and oligodendroglia in myelin development and related brain diseases. Neurosci Bull 39:541\u2013552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-022-00981-z","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2008.05.024","volume":"213","author":"AJ Mothe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mothe AJ, Tator CH (2008) Transplanted neural stem\/progenitor cells generate myelinating oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells in spinal cord demyelination and dysmyelination. Exp Neurol 213:176\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.expneurol.2008.05.024","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"4674_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.3366","volume":"39","author":"W Xue","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xue W, Fan C, Chen B, Zhao Y, Xiao Z, Dai J (2021) Direct neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells for spinal cord injury repair. Stem Cells 39:1025\u20131032. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/stem.3366","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"4674_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00282","volume":"10","author":"A Alizadeh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alizadeh A, Dyck SM, Karimi-Abdolrezaee S (2019) Traumatic spinal cord injury: an overview of pathophysiology, models and acute injury mechanisms. Front Neurol 10:282. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2019.00282","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"4674_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2006.09.004","volume":"17","author":"SA Busch","year":"2007","unstructured":"Busch SA, Silver J (2007) The role of extracellular matrix in CNS regeneration. Curr Opin Neurobiol 17:120\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conb.2006.09.004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"4674_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12060853","author":"T Clifford","year":"2023","unstructured":"Clifford T, Finkel Z, Rodriguez B, Joseph A, Cai L (2023) Current advancements in spinal cord injury research-glial scar formation and neural regeneration. Cells. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells12060853","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"4674_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1242576","volume":"342","author":"H Sabelstr\u00f6m","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sabelstr\u00f6m H, Stenudd M, R\u00e9u P, Dias DO, Elfineh M, Zdunek S, Damberg P, G\u00f6ritz C et al (2013) Resident neural stem cells restrict tissue damage and neuronal loss after spinal cord injury in mice. Science 342:637\u2013640. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1242576","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"4674_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41122","DOI":"10.1038\/srep41122","volume":"7","author":"Y Ren","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ren Y, Ao Y, O\u2019Shea TM, Burda JE, Bernstein AM, Brumm AJ, Muthusamy N, Ghashghaei HT et al (2017) Ependymal cell contribution to Scar formation after spinal cord injury is minimal, local and dependent on direct ependymal injury. Sci Rep 7:41122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep41122","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4674_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2017.06.002","volume":"357","author":"T Fernandez-Zafra","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fernandez-Zafra T, Codeluppi S, Uhl\u00e9n P (2017) An ex vivo spinal cord injury model to study ependymal cells in adult mouse tissue. Exp Cell Res 357:236\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yexcr.2017.06.002","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"4674_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-022-00986-8","volume":"39","author":"A Cherninskyi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cherninskyi A, Storozhuk M, Maximyuk O, Kulyk V, Krishtal O (2023) Triggering of major brain disorders by protons and ATP: the role of asics and P2X receptors. Neurosci Bull 39:845\u2013862. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-022-00986-8","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.3727\/096368914x682828","volume":"24","author":"R G\u00f3mez-Villafuertes","year":"2015","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Villafuertes R, Rodr\u00edguez-Jim\u00e9nez FJ, Alastrue-Agudo A, Stojkovic M, Miras-Portugal MT, Moreno-Manzano V (2015) Purinergic receptors in spinal cord-derived ependymal stem\/progenitor cells and their potential role in cell-based therapy for spinal cord injury. Cell Transpl 24:1493\u20131509. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3727\/096368914x682828","journal-title":"Cell Transpl"},{"key":"4674_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-022-00846-5","volume":"38","author":"AD Umpierre","year":"2022","unstructured":"Umpierre AD, Haruwaka K, Wu LJ (2022) Getting a sense of ATP in real time. Neurosci Bull 38:834\u2013836. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-022-00846-5","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-021-00799-1","volume":"38","author":"YY Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu YY, Zhang HL, Lu X, Du H, Li YC, Zhang PA, Xu GY (2022) Targeting GATA1 and p2x7r locus binding in spinal astrocytes suppresses chronic visceral pain by promoting DNA demethylation. Neurosci Bull 38:359\u2013372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-021-00799-1","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s11302-016-9507-6","volume":"12","author":"N Marichal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Marichal N, Fabbiani G, Trujillo-Cen\u00f3z O, Russo RE (2016) Purinergic signalling in a latent stem cell niche of the rat spinal cord. Purinergic Signal 12:331\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11302-016-9507-6","journal-title":"Purinergic Signal"},{"key":"4674_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2023.1288676","volume":"17","author":"MV Falco","year":"2023","unstructured":"Falco MV, Fabbiani G, Maciel C, Valdivia S, Vitureira N, Russo RE (2023) P2X7 receptor activation awakes a dormant stem cell niche in the adult spinal cord. Front Cell Neurosci 17:1288676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2023.1288676","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2864","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2077","volume":"33","author":"LF Corns","year":"2015","unstructured":"Corns LF, Atkinson L, Daniel J, Edwards IJ, New L, Deuchars J, Deuchars SA (2015) Cholinergic enhancement of cell proliferation in the postnatal neurogenic niche of the mammalian spinal cord. Stem Cells 33:2864\u20132876. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/stem.2077","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"4674_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2246","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.2056-19.2020","volume":"40","author":"G Fabbiani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fabbiani G, Reali C, Valent\u00edn-Kahan A, Rehermann MI, Fagetti J, Falco MV, Russo RE (2020) Connexin signaling is involved in the reactivation of a latent stem cell niche after spinal cord injury. J Neurosci 40:2246\u20132258. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.2056-19.2020","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26608","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161125981","volume":"16","author":"FJ Rodriguez-Jimenez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Jimenez FJ, Alastrue-Agudo A, Stojkovic M, Erceg S, Moreno-Manzano V (2015) Connexin 50 expression in ependymal stem progenitor cells after spinal cord injury activation. Int J Mol Sci 16:26608\u201326618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms161125981","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4674_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-016-2421-y","volume":"365","author":"FJ Rodriguez-Jimenez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Jimenez FJ, Alastrue A, Stojkovic M, Erceg S, Moreno-Manzano V (2016) Connexin 50 modulates Sox2 expression in spinal-cord-derived ependymal stem\/progenitor cells. Cell Tissue Res 365:295\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00441-016-2421-y","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"4674_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2023.01.005","volume":"18","author":"LD Hachem","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hachem LD, Hong J, Velumian A, Mothe AJ, Tator CH, Fehlings MG (2023) Excitotoxic glutamate levels drive spinal cord ependymal stem cell proliferation and fate specification through CP-AMPAR signaling. Stem Cell Rep 18:672\u2013687. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stemcr.2023.01.005","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep"},{"key":"4674_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2054","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-025-02044-8","volume":"28","author":"LD Hachem","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hachem LD, Moradi Chameh H, Balbinot G, Mothe AJ, Pacis A, Geng Li RT, Valiante TA, Lu W et al (2025) Augmenting AMPA receptor signaling after spinal cord injury increases ependymal-derived neural stem\/progenitor cell migration and promotes functional recovery. Nat Neurosci 28:2054\u20132066. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41593-025-02044-8","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25259\/Cytojournal_237_2024","volume":"22","author":"Y Huang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Huang Y, Ouyang X, Tan J, Meng Z, Ma X, Yan Y (2025) The physiological and pathogenic roles of yes-associated protein\/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif in bone or skeletal motor system-related cells. Cytojournal 22:13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/Cytojournal_237_2024","journal-title":"Cytojournal"},{"key":"4674_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.16288\/j.yczz.17-069","volume":"39","author":"XM Bao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bao XM, He Q, Wang Y, Huang ZH, Yuan ZQ (2017) The roles and mechanisms of the Hippo\/YAP signaling pathway in the nervous system. Yi Chuan Hered 39:630\u2013641. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16288\/j.yczz.17-069","journal-title":"Yi Chuan Hered"},{"key":"4674_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2019.00102","volume":"7","author":"JM Morante-Redolat","year":"2019","unstructured":"Morante-Redolat JM, Porlan E (2019) Neural stem cell regulation by adhesion molecules within the subependymal niche. Front Cell Dev Biol 7:102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2019.00102","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"4674_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2019.7176","volume":"17","author":"D Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen D, Hu S, Liu J, Li S (2019) E-cadherin regulates biological behaviors of neural stem cells and promotes motor function recovery following spinal cord injury. Exp Ther Med 17:2061\u20132070. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2019.7176","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"4674_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3725","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.4546-14.2015","volume":"35","author":"HA North","year":"2015","unstructured":"North HA, Pan L, McGuire TL, Brooker S, Kessler JA (2015) \u03b21-integrin alters ependymal stem cell BMP receptor localization and attenuates astrogliosis after spinal cord injury. J Neurosci 35:3725\u20133733. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.4546-14.2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.2927","volume":"72","author":"M Stenudd","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stenudd M, Sabelstr\u00f6m H, Fris\u00e9n J (2015) Role of endogenous neural stem cells in spinal cord injury and repair. JAMA Neurol 72:235\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.2927","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"4674_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2018.04.017","volume":"368","author":"X Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li X, Floriddia EM, Toskas K, Chalfouh C, Honore A, Aumont A, Valli\u00e8res N, Lacroix S et al (2018) FoxJ1 regulates spinal cord development and is required for the maintenance of spinal cord stem cell potential. Exp Cell Res 368:84\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yexcr.2018.04.017","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"4674_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-04064-1","volume":"12","author":"H Miyajima","year":"2021","unstructured":"Miyajima H, Itokazu T, Tanabe S, Yamashita T (2021) Interleukin-17A regulates ependymal cell proliferation and functional recovery after spinal cord injury in mice. Cell Death Dis 12:766. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41419-021-04064-1","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"4674_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.159343","author":"T Shinozuka","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shinozuka T, Takada R, Yoshida S, Yonemura S, Takada S (2019) Wnt produced by stretched roof-plate cells is required for the promotion of cell proliferation around the central canal of the spinal cord. Development. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.159343","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"4674_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E5954","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1803297115","volume":"115","author":"L Xing","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xing L, Anbarchian T, Tsai JM, Plant GW, Nusse R (2018) Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling regulates ependymal cell development and adult homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115:E5954-e5962. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1803297115","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"4674_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2008.12.008","volume":"40","author":"F Gao","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gao F, Zhang Q, Zheng MH, Liu HL, Hu YY, Zhang P, Zhang ZP, Qin HY et al (2009) Transcription factor RBP-J-mediated signaling represses the differentiation of neural stem cells into intermediate neural progenitors. Mol Cell Neurosci 40:442\u2013450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mcn.2008.12.008","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3839","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15727","volume":"56","author":"X Ye","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ye X, Li M, Bian W, Wu A, Zhang T, Li J, Zhou P, Cui H et al (2022) RBP-J deficiency promoted the proliferation and differentiation of CD133-positive cells in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Eur J Neurosci 56:3839\u20133860. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ejn.15727","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/s0012-1606(02)00037-4","volume":"255","author":"WA Gomes","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gomes WA, Mehler MF, Kessler JA (2003) Transgenic overexpression of BMP4 increases astroglial and decreases oligodendroglial lineage commitment. Dev Biol 255:164\u2013177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0012-1606(02)00037-4","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"4674_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/s0896-6273(00)80193-2","volume":"17","author":"RE Gross","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gross RE, Mehler MF, Mabie PC, Zang Z, Santschi L, Kessler JA (1996) Bone morphogenetic proteins promote astroglial lineage commitment by mammalian subventricular zone progenitor cells. Neuron 17:595\u2013606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0896-6273(00)80193-2","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"4674_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.4459-09.2010","volume":"30","author":"V Sahni","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sahni V, Mukhopadhyay A, Tysseling V, Hebert A, Birch D, McGuire TL, Stupp SI, Kessler JA (2010) BMPR1a and BMPR1b signaling exert opposing effects on gliosis after spinal cord injury. J Neurosci 30:1839\u20131855. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.4459-09.2010","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/s0896-6273(00)00148-3","volume":"28","author":"DA Lim","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lim DA, Tramontin AD, Trevejo JM, Herrera DG, Garc\u00eda-Verdugo JM, Alvarez-Buylla A (2000) Noggin antagonizes BMP signaling to create a niche for adult neurogenesis. Neuron 28:713\u2013726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0896-6273(00)00148-3","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"4674_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10102783","author":"V Buzoianu-Anguiano","year":"2021","unstructured":"Buzoianu-Anguiano V, Torres-Llacsa M, Doncel-P\u00e9rez E (2021) Role of aldynoglia cells in neuroinflammatory and neuroimmune responses after spinal cord injury. Cells. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells10102783","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"4674_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2005.10.006","volume":"31","author":"O Butovsky","year":"2006","unstructured":"Butovsky O, Ziv Y, Schwartz A, Landa G, Talpalar AE, Pluchino S, Martino G, Schwartz M (2006) Microglia activated by IL-4 or IFN-gamma differentially induce neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis from adult stem\/progenitor cells. Mol Cell Neurosci 31:149\u2013160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mcn.2005.10.006","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.6133","volume":"36","author":"Y Ma","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ma Y, Deng M, Liu M (2019) Effect of differently polarized macrophages on proliferation and differentiation of ependymal cells from adult spinal cord. J Neurotrauma 36:2337\u20132347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/neu.2018.6133","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"4674_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.5607\/en19078","volume":"29","author":"Y Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma Y, Deng M, Zhao XQ, Liu M (2020) Alternatively polarized macrophages regulate the growth and differentiation of ependymal stem cells through the SIRT2 pathway. Exp Neurobiol 29:150\u2013163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5607\/en19078","journal-title":"Exp Neurobiol"},{"key":"4674_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-023-01101-1","volume":"40","author":"DL Cao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cao DL, Ma LJ, Jiang BC, Gu Q, Gao YJ (2024) Cytochrome P450 26A1 contributes to the maintenance of neuropathic pain. Neurosci Bull 40:293\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-023-01101-1","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-022-01013-6","volume":"39","author":"L Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang L, Wang Y, Liu T, Mao Y, Peng B (2023) Novel microglia-based therapeutic approaches to neurodegenerative disorders. Neurosci Bull 39:491\u2013502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-022-01013-6","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-022-00847-4","volume":"38","author":"L Zheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zheng L, Wang Y, Shao B, Zhou H, Li X, Zhang C, Sun N, Shi J (2022) Multiple mild stimulations reduce membrane distribution of CX3CR1 promoted by Annexin a1 in microglia to attenuate excessive dendritic spine pruning and cognitive deficits caused by a transient ischemic attack in mice. Neurosci Bull 38:753\u2013768. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-022-00847-4","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3182","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.0156-06.2006","volume":"26","author":"A Belmadani","year":"2006","unstructured":"Belmadani A, Tran PB, Ren D, Miller RJ (2006) Chemokines regulate the migration of neural progenitors to sites of neuroinflammation. J Neurosci 26:3182\u20133191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.0156-06.2006","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1116","volume":"4","author":"PB Tran","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tran PB, Miller RJ (2003) Chemokine receptors: signposts to brain development and disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 4:444\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn1116","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.02.103","volume":"446","author":"Y Guo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Guo Y, Liu S, Zhang X, Wang L, Zhang X, Hao A, Han A, Yang J (2014) Sox11 promotes endogenous neurogenesis and locomotor recovery in mice spinal cord injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 446:830\u2013835. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.02.103","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"4674_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1898","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-023-01127-5","volume":"39","author":"S Zou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zou S, Zheng Y, Jiang X, Lan YL, Chen Z, Xu C (2023) Shed a new light on spinal cord injury-induced permanent paralysis with the brain-spine interface. Neurosci Bull 39:1898\u20131900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-023-01127-5","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13121697","author":"SI Khan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khan SI, Ahmed N, Ahsan K, Abbasi M, Maugeri R, Chowdhury D, Bonosi L, Brunasso L et al (2023) An insight into the prospects and drawbacks of stem cell therapy for spinal cord injuries: ongoing trials and future directions. Brain Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci13121697","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"4674_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2245184.296","volume":"20","author":"H Yu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yu H, Yang S, Li H, Wu R, Lai B, Zheng Q (2023) Activating endogenous neurogenesis for spinal cord injury repair: recent advances and future prospects. Neurospine 20:164\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14245\/ns.2245184.296","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"key":"4674_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1189","volume":"30","author":"FJ Rodr\u00edguez-Jimnez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Jimnez FJ, Alastrue-Agudo A, Erceg S, Stojkovic M, Moreno-Manzano V (2012) FM19G11 favors spinal cord injury regeneration and stem cell self-renewal by mitochondrial uncoupling and glucose metabolism induction. Stem Cells 30:2221\u20132233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/stem.1189","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"4674_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.add5220","volume":"9","author":"F Petrelli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Petrelli F, Scandella V, Montessuit S, Zamboni N, Martinou JC, Knobloch M (2023) Mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism regulates the activation of quiescent adult neural stem cells. Sci Adv 9:eadd5220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.add5220","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"4674_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.014480","volume":"7","author":"N Sachewsky","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sachewsky N, Hunt J, Cooke MJ, Azimi A, Zarin T, Miu C, Shoichet MS, Morshead CM (2014) Cyclosporin A enhances neural precursor cell survival in mice through a calcineurin-independent pathway. Dis Model Mech 7:953\u2013961. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dmm.014480","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"key":"4674_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa2958","volume":"348","author":"J Ruschel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ruschel J, Hellal F, Flynn KC, Dupraz S, Elliott DA, Tedeschi A, Bates M, Sliwinski C et al (2015) Systemic administration of epothilone B promotes axon regeneration after spinal cord injury. Science 348:347\u2013352","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"4674_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-021-02375-w","volume":"12","author":"W Xue","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xue W, Zhang H, Fan Y, Xiao Z, Zhao Y, Liu W, Xu B, Yin Y et al (2021) Upregulation of Apol8 by Epothilone D facilitates the neuronal relay of transplanted NSCs in spinal cord injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 12:300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-021-02375-w","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"4674_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2018.01.018","volume":"306","author":"B Sandner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sandner B, Puttagunta R, Motsch M, Bradke F, Ruschel J, Blesch A, Weidner N (2018) Systemic epothilone D improves hindlimb function after spinal cord contusion injury in rats. Exp Neurol 306:250\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.expneurol.2018.01.018","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"4674_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1097\/brs.0000000000004264","volume":"47","author":"ZK Zabarsky","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zabarsky ZK, Luo TD, Ma X, Dean GM, Smith TL (2022) Pharmacologic recruitment of endogenous neural stem\/progenitor cells for the treatment of spinal cord injury. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 47:505\u2013513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/brs.0000000000004264","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"4674_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2017.05.030","volume":"89","author":"L Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang L, Li G, Ye J, Lu D, Chen Z, Xiang AP, Jiang MH (2017) Substance P enhances endogenous neurogenesis to improve functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 89:110\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biocel.2017.05.030","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"4674_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2012.00106","volume":"3","author":"SB Bodendiek","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bodendiek SB, Rubinos C, Trelles MP, Coleman N, Jenkins DP, Wulff H, Srinivas M (2012) Triarylmethanes, a new class of cx50 inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 3:106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2012.00106","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"4674_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01565","volume":"10","author":"F He","year":"2019","unstructured":"He F, Yu C, Liu T, Jia H (2019) Ginsenoside Rg1 as an effective regulator of mesenchymal stem cells. Front Pharmacol 10:1565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2019.01565","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"4674_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/59.8.687","volume":"59","author":"A Kojima","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kojima A, Tator CH (2000) Epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 2 cause proliferation of ependymal precursor cells in the adult rat spinal cord in vivo. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 59:687\u2013697. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnen\/59.8.687","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"4674_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1089\/08977150252806974","volume":"19","author":"A Kojima","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kojima A, Tator CH (2002) Intrathecal administration of epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 2 promotes ependymal proliferation and functional recovery after spinal cord injury in adult rats. J Neurotrauma 19:223\u2013238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/08977150252806974","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"4674_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/s0014-4886(03)00129-8","volume":"183","author":"JG Emsley","year":"2003","unstructured":"Emsley JG, Hagg T (2003) Endogenous and exogenous ciliary neurotrophic factor enhances forebrain neurogenesis in adult mice. Exp Neurol 183:298\u2013310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0014-4886(03)00129-8","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"4674_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-020-00928-0","volume":"18","author":"FJ Rodriguez-Jimenez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Jimenez FJ, Vilches A, Perez-Arago MA, Clemente E, Roman R, Leal J, Castro AA, Fustero S et al (2021) Activation of neurogenesis in multipotent stem cells cultured in vitro and in the spinal cord tissue after severe injury by inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3. Neurotherapeutics 18:515\u2013533. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13311-020-00928-0","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"4674_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-021-3508-1","volume":"28","author":"KL Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin KL, Zhang J, Chung HL, Wu XY, Liu B, Zhao BX, Sze SC, Zhou PZ et al (2022) Total ginsenoside extract from Panax ginseng enhances neural stem cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation by inactivating GSK-3\u03b2. Chin J Integr Med 28:229\u2013235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11655-021-3508-1","journal-title":"Chin J Integr Med"},{"key":"4674_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23138","volume":"91","author":"BY Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen BY, Wang X, Wang ZY, Wang YZ, Chen LW, Luo ZJ (2013) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulates proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, possibly by triggering the Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway. J Neurosci Res 91:30\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jnr.23138","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"4674_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858420914509","volume":"27","author":"J Gao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao J, Liao Y, Qiu M, Shen W (2021) Wnt\/\u03b2-Catenin signaling in neural stem cell homeostasis and neurological diseases. Neuroscientist 27:58\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1073858420914509","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"4674_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.2174\/156720512800107627","volume":"9","author":"LC Wei","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wei LC, Ding YX, Liu YH, Duan L, Bai Y, Shi M, Chen LW (2012) Low-dose radiation stimulates Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling, neural stem cell proliferation and neurogenesis of the mouse hippocampus in vitro and in vivo. Curr Alzheimer Res 9:278\u2013289. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/156720512800107627","journal-title":"Curr Alzheimer Res"},{"key":"4674_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22115966","author":"P Bonilla","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bonilla P, Hernandez J, Giraldo E, Gonz\u00e1lez-P\u00e9rez MA, Alastrue-Agudo A, Elkhenany H, Vicent MJ, Navarro X et al (2021) Human-induced neural and mesenchymal stem cell therapy combined with a curcumin nanoconjugate as a spinal cord injury treatment. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms22115966","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4674_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0088916","volume":"9","author":"DR Ormond","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ormond DR, Shannon C, Oppenheim J, Zeman R, Das K, Murali R, Jhanwar-Uniyal M (2014) Stem cell therapy and curcumin synergistically enhance recovery from spinal cord injury. PLoS One 9:e88916. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0088916","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4674_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2016.10.032","volume":"113","author":"R Requejo-Aguilar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Requejo-Aguilar R, Alastrue-Agudo A, Cases-Villar M, Lopez-Mocholi E, England R, Vicent MJ, Moreno-Manzano V (2017) Combined polymer-curcumin conjugate and ependymal progenitor\/stem cell treatment enhances spinal cord injury functional recovery. Biomaterials 113:18\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2016.10.032","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"4674_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-020-01018-7","volume":"42","author":"W Wanjiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wanjiang W, Xin C, Yaxing C, Jie W, Hongyan Z, Fei N, Chengmin L, Chengjian F et al (2022) Curcumin improves human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell survival via ERK1\/2 signaling and promotes motor outcomes after spinal cord injury. Cell Mol Neurobiol 42:1241\u20131252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10571-020-01018-7","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"4674_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md21050267","author":"P Rasekh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rasekh P, Kameli A, Khoradmehr A, Baghban N, Mohebbi G, Barmak A, Nabipour I, Azari H et al (2023) Proliferative effect of aqueous extract of sea cucumber (Holothuria parva) body wall on human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal\/stem cells. Mar Drugs. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/md21050267","journal-title":"Mar Drugs"},{"key":"4674_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiosc.2009.07.010","volume":"109","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Song S, Song D, Liang H, Wang W, Ji A (2010) Proliferative effects on neural stem\/progenitor cells of a sulfated polysaccharide purified from the sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus. J Biosci Bioeng 109:67\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiosc.2009.07.010","journal-title":"J Biosci Bioeng"},{"key":"4674_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.10.002","volume":"115","author":"MC Chiang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chiang MC, Nicol CJ, Cheng YC (2018) Resveratrol activation of AMPK-dependent pathways is neuroprotective in human neural stem cells against amyloid-beta-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Neurochem Int 115:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.10.002","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"4674_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.929590","volume":"16","author":"OR Hern\u00e1ndez-P\u00e9rez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez-P\u00e9rez OR, Ju\u00e1rez-Navarro KJ, Diaz NF, Padilla-Camberos E, Beltran-Garcia MJ, Cardenas-Castrejon D, Corona-Perez H, Hern\u00e1ndez-Jim\u00e9nez C et al (2022) Biomolecules resveratrol\u2009+\u2009coenzyme Q10 recover the cell state of human mesenchymal stem cells after 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced damage and improve proliferation and neural differentiation. Front Neurosci 16:929590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2022.929590","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858415585472","volume":"22","author":"JM Xavier","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xavier JM, Rodrigues CM, Sol\u00e1 S (2016) Mitochondria: major regulators of neural development. Neuroscientist 22:346\u2013358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1073858415585472","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"4674_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3576","DOI":"10.4161\/15384101.2014.962951","volume":"13","author":"JM Xavier","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xavier JM, Morgado AL, Rodrigues CM, Sol\u00e1 S (2014) Tauroursodeoxycholic acid increases neural stem cell pool and neuronal conversion by regulating mitochondria-cell cycle retrograde signaling. Cell Cycle 13:3576\u20133589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4161\/15384101.2014.962951","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"4674_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3725","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-017-0592-5","volume":"55","author":"R Soares","year":"2018","unstructured":"Soares R, Ribeiro FF, Xapelli S, Genebra T, Ribeiro MF, Sebasti\u00e3o AM, Rodrigues CMP, Sol\u00e1 S (2018) Tauroursodeoxycholic acid enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, neural stem cell pool, and early neurogenesis in adult rats. Mol Neurobiol 55:3725\u20133738. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-017-0592-5","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"4674_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2015.04.006","volume":"269","author":"SM Dyck","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dyck SM, Karimi-Abdolrezaee S (2015) Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans: key modulators in the developing and pathologic central nervous system. Exp Neurol 269:169\u2013187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.expneurol.2015.04.006","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"4674_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkab035","volume":"9","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Yang S, Liu C, Han X, Gu X, Zhou S (2021) Deciphering glial scar after spinal cord injury. Burns Trauma 9:tkab035. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/burnst\/tkab035","journal-title":"Burns Trauma"},{"key":"4674_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037589","volume":"7","author":"S Karimi-Abdolrezaee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Karimi-Abdolrezaee S, Schut D, Wang J, Fehlings MG (2012) Chondroitinase and growth factors enhance activation and oligodendrocyte differentiation of endogenous neural precursor cells after spinal cord injury. PLoS One 7:e37589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0037589","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4674_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9898439","volume":"2017","author":"M Cui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cui M, Ge H, Zhao H, Zou Y, Chen Y, Feng H (2017) Electromagnetic fields for the regulation of neural stem cells. Stem Cells Int 2017:9898439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/9898439","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"key":"4674_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3793","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.109637","volume":"141","author":"M Iwashita","year":"2014","unstructured":"Iwashita M, Kataoka N, Toida K, Kosodo Y (2014) Systematic profiling of spatiotemporal tissue and cellular stiffness in the developing brain. Development 141:3793\u20133798. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.109637","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"4674_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202306451","volume":"20","author":"M Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li M, Sun H, Hou Z, Hao S, Jin L, Wang B (2024) Engineering the physical microenvironment into neural organoids for neurogenesis and neurodevelopment. Small 20:e2306451. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.202306451","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"4674_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.12.015","volume":"45","author":"J Blackmore","year":"2019","unstructured":"Blackmore J, Shrivastava S, Sallet J, Butler CR, Cleveland RO (2019) Ultrasound neuromodulation: a review of results, mechanisms and safety. Ultrasound Med Biol 45:1509\u20131536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.12.015","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"4674_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.05.001","volume":"40","author":"IC Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee IC, Lo TL, Young TH, Li YC, Chen NG, Chen CH, Chang YC (2014) Differentiation of neural stem\/progenitor cells using low-intensity ultrasound. Ultrasound Med Biol 40:2195\u20132206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.05.001","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"4674_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.8b00483","volume":"10","author":"IC Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee IC, Wu HJ, Liu HL (2019) Dual-frequency ultrasound induces neural stem\/progenitor cell differentiation and growth factor utilization by enhancing stable cavitation. ACS Chem Neurosci 10:1452\u20131461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acschemneuro.8b00483","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"key":"4674_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.30911","volume":"238","author":"IC Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee IC, Lin YC, Liu HL, Liu NC (2023) Dual-frequency ultrasound enhances functional neuron differentiation from neural stem cells by modulating Ca(2+) dynamics and the ERK1\/2 signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 238:137\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcp.30911","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"4674_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phmed.2017.09.001","volume":"4","author":"A Schuster","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schuster A, Rabe H, Schwab T, Bischof M, Degel C, Klotz M, Sch\u00e4fer K-H (2017) Neural stem cells influenced by ultrasound: frequency and energy density dependencies. Phys Med 4:8\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phmed.2017.09.001","journal-title":"Phys Med"},{"key":"4674_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-023-00954-3","volume":"13","author":"Q Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu Q, Telezhkin V, Jiang W, Gu Y, Wang Y, Hong W, Tian W, Yarova P et al (2023) Electric field stimulation boosts neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells for spinal cord injury treatment via PI3K\/Akt\/GSK-3\u03b2\/\u03b2-catenin activation. Cell Biosci 13:4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13578-023-00954-3","journal-title":"Cell Biosci"},{"key":"4674_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmedt.2022.693438","volume":"4","author":"AR Mutepfa","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mutepfa AR, Hardy JG, Adams CF (2022) Electroactive scaffolds to improve neural stem cell therapy for spinal cord injury. Front Med Technol 4:693438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmedt.2022.693438","journal-title":"Front Med Technol"},{"key":"4674_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.912497","volume":"10","author":"X Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu X, Wang L, Jing J, Zhan J, Xu C, Xie W, Ye S, Zhao Y et al (2022) Conductive collagen-based hydrogel combined with electrical stimulation to promote neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 10:912497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2022.912497","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"4674_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-016-9654-8","volume":"12","author":"L Yao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yao L, Li Y (2016) The role of direct current electric field-guided stem cell migration in neural regeneration. Stem Cell Rev Rep 12:365\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12015-016-9654-8","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rev Rep"},{"key":"4674_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20569","volume":"19","author":"L Yao","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yao L, McCaig CD, Zhao M (2009) Electrical signals polarize neuronal organelles, direct neuron migration, and orient cell division. Hippocampus 19:855\u2013868. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hipo.20569","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"4674_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.TEB.2010.0561","volume":"17","author":"L Yao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yao L, Pandit A, Yao S, McCaig CD (2011) Electric field-guided neuron migration: a novel approach in neurogenesis. Tissue Eng Part B Rev 17:143\u2013153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/ten.TEB.2010.0561","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part B Rev"},{"key":"4674_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2730","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.339497","volume":"17","author":"M Bacova","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bacova M, Bimbova K, Kisucka A, Lukacova N, Galik J (2022) Epidural oscillating field stimulation increases axonal regenerative capacity and myelination after spinal cord trauma. Neural Regen Res 17:2730\u20132736. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1673-5374.339497","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"4674_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10411","volume":"22","author":"C Fang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fang C, Sun J, Wei L, Gao F, Qian J (2021) Oscillating field stimulation promotes recovery from spinal cord injury in rats by regulating the differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells. Exp Ther Med 22:979. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2021.10411","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"4674_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.353505","volume":"18","author":"C Fang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fang C, Sun J, Qian J, Shen CL (2023) Oscillating field stimulation promotes neurogenesis of neural stem cells through miR-124\/Tal1 axis to repair spinal cord injury in rats. Neural Regen Res 18:895\u2013900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1673-5374.353505","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"4674_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40824-019-0176-8","volume":"23","author":"C Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen C, Bai X, Ding Y, Lee IS (2019) Electrical stimulation as a novel tool for regulating cell behavior in tissue engineering. Biomater Res 23:25. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40824-019-0176-8","journal-title":"Biomater Res"},{"key":"4674_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6697574","volume":"2021","author":"H Cheng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cheng H, Huang Y, Yue H, Fan Y (2021) Electrical Stimulation Promotes Stem Cell Neural Differentiation in Tissue Engineering. Stem Cells Int 2021:6697574. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/6697574","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"key":"4674_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2015.9.2.299","volume":"9","author":"A Ahmad","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ahmad A, Ashraf S, Komai S (2015) Optogenetics applications for treating spinal cord injury. Asian Spine J 9:299\u2013305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4184\/asj.2015.9.2.299","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"key":"4674_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119539","volume":"225","author":"M Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang M, Xu Z, Liu Q, Sun W, Jiang B, Yang K, Li J, Gong Y et al (2019) Nongenetic optical modulation of neural stem cell proliferation and neuronal\/glial differentiation. Biomaterials 225:119539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119539","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"4674_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2019.0505","volume":"17","author":"P Madhusudanan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Madhusudanan P, Raju G, Shankarappa S (2020) Hydrogel systems and their role in neural tissue engineering. J R Soc Interface 17:20190505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rsif.2019.0505","journal-title":"J R Soc Interface"},{"key":"4674_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.119978","volume":"245","author":"X Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li X, Zhang C, Haggerty AE, Yan J, Lan M, Seu M, Yang M, Marlow MM et al (2020) The effect of a nanofiber-hydrogel composite on neural tissue repair and regeneration in the contused spinal cord. Biomaterials 245:119978. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.119978","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"4674_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.118961","volume":"278","author":"S Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen S, Wu C, Zhou T, Wu K, Xin N, Liu X, Qiao Z, Wei D et al (2022) Aldehyde-methacrylate-hyaluronan profited hydrogel system integrating aligned and viscoelastic cues for neurogenesis. Carbohydr Polym 278:118961. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.118961","journal-title":"Carbohydr Polym"},{"key":"4674_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24463","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c03821","volume":"13","author":"S Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen S, Liu A, Wu C, Chen Y, Liu C, Zhang Y, Wu K, Wei D et al (2021) Static-dynamic profited viscoelastic hydrogels for motor-clutch-regulated neurogenesis. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 13:24463\u201324476. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsami.1c03821","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"},{"key":"4674_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7305","DOI":"10.2147\/ijn.S436111","volume":"18","author":"C Qin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qin C, Qi Z, Pan S, Xia P, Kong W, Sun B, Du H, Zhang R et al (2023) Advances in conductive hydrogel for spinal cord injury repair and regeneration. Int J Nanomedicine 18:7305\u20137333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/ijn.S436111","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine"},{"key":"4674_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.11.032","volume":"15","author":"B Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang B, Liang C, Chen D, Cheng F, Zhang Y, Wang S, Shu J, Huang X et al (2022) A conductive supramolecular hydrogel creates ideal endogenous niches to promote spinal cord injury repair. Bioact Mater 15:103\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.11.032","journal-title":"Bioact Mater"},{"key":"4674_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2022.111225","volume":"173","author":"F Xue","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xue F, Liu T, Liu X, Chen K, Duan L, Gao G (2022) Electroconductive and porous graphene-xanthan gum gel scaffold for spinal cord regeneration. Eur Polym J 173:111225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2022.111225","journal-title":"Eur Polym J"},{"key":"4674_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10957","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b04609","volume":"12","author":"L Zhou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhou L, Fan L, Yi X, Zhou Z, Liu C, Fu R, Dai C, Wang Z et al (2018) Soft conducting polymer hydrogels cross-linked and doped by tannic acid for spinal cord injury repair. ACS Nano 12:10957\u201310967. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsnano.8b04609","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"4674_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3060","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.7b00568","volume":"18","author":"J Shin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shin J, Choi EJ, Cho JH, Cho AN, Jin Y, Yang K, Song C, Cho SW (2017) Three-dimensional electroconductive hyaluronic acid hydrogels incorporated with carbon nanotubes and polypyrrole by catechol-mediated dispersion enhance neurogenesis of human neural stem cells. Biomacromolecules 18:3060\u20133072. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.biomac.7b00568","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"4674_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-021-01031-y","volume":"19","author":"W Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu W, Luo Y, Ning C, Zhang W, Zhang Q, Zou H, Fu C (2021) Thermo-sensitive electroactive hydrogel combined with electrical stimulation for repair of spinal cord injury. J Nanobiotechnology 19:286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12951-021-01031-y","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnology"},{"key":"4674_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-605X\/ac45ec","author":"X Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao X, Wang H, Zou Y, Xue W, Zhuang Y, Gu R, Shen H, Dai J (2022) Optimized, visible light-induced crosslinkable hybrid gelatin\/hyaluronic acid scaffold promotes complete spinal cord injury repair. Biomed Mater. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1748-605X\/ac45ec","journal-title":"Biomed Mater"},{"key":"4674_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202102428","volume":"33","author":"T Yuan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yuan T, Shao Y, Zhou X, Liu Q, Zhu Z, Zhou B, Dong Y, Stephanopoulos N et al (2021) Highly permeable DNA supramolecular hydrogel promotes neurogenesis and functional recovery after completely transected spinal cord injury. Adv Mater 33:e2102428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.202102428","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"key":"4674_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c06892","volume":"16","author":"Z Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen Z, Zhang H, Fan C, Zhuang Y, Yang W, Chen Y, Shen H, Xiao Z et al (2022) Adhesive, stretchable, and spatiotemporal delivery fibrous hydrogels harness endogenous neural stem\/progenitor cells for spinal cord injury repair. ACS Nano 16:1986\u20131998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsnano.1c06892","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"4674_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13960","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b03879","volume":"7","author":"X Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li X, Han J, Zhao Y, Ding W, Wei J, Han S, Shang X, Wang B et al (2015) Functionalized collagen scaffold neutralizing the myelin-inhibitory molecules promoted neurites outgrowth in vitro and facilitated spinal cord regeneration in vivo. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 7:13960\u201313971. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsami.5b03879","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"},{"key":"4674_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.01.009","volume":"51","author":"C Fan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fan C, Li X, Xiao Z, Zhao Y, Liang H, Wang B, Han S, Li X et al (2017) A modified collagen scaffold facilitates endogenous neurogenesis for acute spinal cord injury repair. Acta Biomater 51:304\u2013316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.01.009","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"4674_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.1080\/09205063.2023.2247715","volume":"34","author":"Z Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li Z, Xu P, Shang L, Ma B, Zhang H, Fu L, Ou Y, Mao Y (2023) 3D collagen porous scaffold carrying PLGA-PTX\/SDF-1\u03b1 recruits and promotes neural stem cell differentiation for spinal cord injury repair. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 34:2332\u20132355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09205063.2023.2247715","journal-title":"J Biomater Sci Polym Ed"},{"key":"4674_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2812","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c08727","volume":"15","author":"R Zhu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhu R, Zhu X, Zhu Y, Wang Z, He X, Wu Z, Xue L, Fan W et al (2021) Immunomodulatory layered double hydroxide nanoparticles enable neurogenesis by targeting transforming growth factor-\u03b2 receptor 2. ACS Nano 15:2812\u20132830. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsnano.0c08727","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"4674_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-605X\/acc375","author":"Y Bai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bai Y, Wang Z, Yu L, Dong K, Cheng L, Zhu R (2023) The enhanced generation of motor neurons from mESCs by MgAl layered double hydroxide nanoparticles. Biomed Mater. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1748-605X\/acc375","journal-title":"Biomed Mater"},{"key":"4674_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2009.07.019","volume":"62","author":"N Bhattarai","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bhattarai N, Gunn J, Zhang M (2010) Chitosan-based hydrogels for controlled, localized drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 62:83\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addr.2009.07.019","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"4674_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15071957","author":"Y Ando","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ando Y, Chang FC, James M, Zhou Y, Zhang M (2023) Chitosan scaffolds as microcarriers for dynamic culture of human neural stem cells. Pharmaceutics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics15071957","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"4674_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2022.102375","volume":"220","author":"Z Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Z, Duan H, Hao F, Hao P, Zhao W, Gao Y, Gu Y, Song J et al (2023) Circuit reconstruction of newborn neurons after spinal cord injury in adult rats via an NT3-chitosan scaffold. Prog Neurobiol 220:102375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2022.102375","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"4674_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13354","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1510194112","volume":"112","author":"Z Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang Z, Zhang A, Duan H, Zhang S, Hao P, Ye K, Sun YE, Li X (2015) NT3-chitosan elicits robust endogenous neurogenesis to enable functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112:13354\u201313359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1510194112","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"4674_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E5595","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1804735115","volume":"115","author":"JS Rao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rao JS, Zhao C, Zhang A, Duan H, Hao P, Wei RH, Shang J, Zhao W et al (2018) NT3-chitosan enables de novo regeneration and functional recovery in monkeys after spinal cord injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115:E5595-e5604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1804735115","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"4674_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-023-01973-5","volume":"21","author":"S Du","year":"2023","unstructured":"Du S, Guan Y, Xie A, Yan Z, Gao S, Li W, Rao L, Chen X et al (2023) Extracellular vesicles: a rising star for therapeutics and drug delivery. J Nanobiotechnology 21:231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12951-023-01973-5","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnology"},{"key":"4674_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2022.06.007","volume":"13","author":"H Ruan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ruan H, Li Y, Wang C, Jiang Y, Han Y, Li Y, Zheng D, Ye J et al (2023) Click chemistry extracellular vesicle\/peptide\/chemokine nanocarriers for treating central nervous system injuries. Acta Pharm Sin B 13:2202\u20132218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apsb.2022.06.007","journal-title":"Acta Pharm Sin B"},{"key":"4674_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2020.0133","volume":"29","author":"Z Ren","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ren Z, Qi Y, Sun S, Tao Y, Shi R (2020) Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: hope for spinal cord injury repair. Stem Cells Dev 29:1467\u20131478. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/scd.2020.0133","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev"},{"key":"4674_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-022-00977-9","volume":"39","author":"D Yao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yao D, Zhang R, Xie M, Ding F, Wang M, Wang W (2023) Updated understanding of the glial-vascular unit in central nervous system disorders. Neurosci Bull 39:503\u2013518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-022-00977-9","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431X20198735","author":"T Yu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yu T, Zhao C, Hou S, Zhou W, Wang B, Chen Y (2019) Exosomes secreted from miRNA-29b-modified mesenchymal stem cells repaired spinal cord injury in rats. Braz J Med Biol Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1414-431X20198735","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"4674_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2024.01.013","volume":"35","author":"G Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen G, Li S, Tong K, Huang Z, Liu S, Zhu H, Zhong Y, Zhou Z et al (2024) Extracellular vesicles released by transforming growth factor-beta 1-preconditional mesenchymal stem cells promote recovery in mice with spinal cord injury. Bioact Mater 35:135\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2024.01.013","journal-title":"Bioact Mater"},{"key":"4674_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2015.08.060","volume":"219","author":"S Kabu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kabu S, Gao Y, Kwon BK, Labhasetwar V (2015) Drug delivery, cell-based therapies, and tissue engineering approaches for spinal cord injury. J Control Release 219:141\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconrel.2015.08.060","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"4674_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2008.06.011","volume":"3","author":"F Barnab\u00e9-Heider","year":"2008","unstructured":"Barnab\u00e9-Heider F, Fris\u00e9n J (2008) Stem cells for spinal cord repair. Cell Stem Cell 3:16\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stem.2008.06.011","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"4674_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-024-01208-z","volume":"40","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Wang Y, Yang L (2024) Stem cell transplantation represents a new strategy for the treatment of epilepsy. Neurosci Bull 40:673\u2013676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-024-01208-z","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4674_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-02090-y","volume":"12","author":"B Lv","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lv B, Zhang X, Yuan J, Chen Y, Ding H, Cao X, Huang A (2021) Biomaterial-supported MSC transplantation enhances cell-cell communication for spinal cord injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 12:36. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-020-02090-y","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"}],"container-title":["Neurochemical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04674-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04674-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04674-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T10:12:18Z","timestamp":1772619138000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04674-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]]},"references-count":188,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["4674"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04674-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-3190","1573-6903"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-3190","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6903","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 December 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 January 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 January 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"57"}}