{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T05:42:48Z","timestamp":1777268568582,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurochem Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-026-04744-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T08:28:06Z","timestamp":1775550486000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mechanistic Insights into Bergapten by Modulation of Filamin A and GSK3\u03b2 in STZ Induced Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: An Integrated In Silico, In Vitro and In Vivo Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Riaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Halima","family":"Qadir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Noman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sagheer","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fawad Ali","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Usman","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kashif","family":"Bashir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umar","family":"Farooq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadeem","family":"Irshad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"4744_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2019.04.015","volume":"72","author":"M Zv\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zv\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1 M (2019) Clinical aspects of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Clin Biochem 72:3\u20136","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"4744_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742408","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.742408","volume":"14","author":"MB Abubakar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abubakar MB, Sanusi KO, Ugusman A, Mohamed W, Kamal H, Ibrahim NH, Khoo CS, Kumar J (2022) Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an update and insights into pathophysiology. Front Aging Neurosc 14:742408","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosc"},{"key":"4744_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2018.07.018","volume":"1865","author":"BC Tong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tong BC, Wu AJ, Li M, Cheung KH (2018) Calcium signaling in Alzheimer\u2019s disease & therapies. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 1865:1745\u20131760","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res"},{"key":"4744_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01124-1","volume":"388","author":"P Scheltens","year":"2016","unstructured":"Scheltens P, Blennow K, Breteler MMB, De Strooper B, Frisoni GB, Salloway S, Van der Flier WM (2016) Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Lancet 388:505\u2013517","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4744_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2021.113320","volume":"216","author":"S Srivastava","year":"2021","unstructured":"Srivastava S, Ahmad R, Khare SK (2021) Alzheimer\u2019s disease and its treatment by different approaches: a review. Eur J Med Chem 216:113320","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"4744_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69113-7","volume":"368","author":"K Blennow","year":"2006","unstructured":"Blennow K, De Leon MJ, Zetterberg H (2006) Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Lancet 368:387\u2013403","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4744_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2881","DOI":"10.2174\/1389557522666220420094317","volume":"22","author":"N Chauhan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chauhan N, Paliwal S, Jain S, Verma K, Paliwal S, Sharma S (2022) Gsk-3\u03b2 and its inhibitors in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a recent update. Mini Rev Med Chem 22:2881\u20132895","journal-title":"Mini Rev Med Chem"},{"key":"4744_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1002\/ibra.12098","volume":"9","author":"B-C Tang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tang B-C, Wang Y-T, Ren J (2023) Basic information about Memantine and its treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other clinical applications. iBrain 9:340\u2013348","journal-title":"iBrain"},{"key":"4744_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s40259-023-00633-2","volume":"38","author":"J Cummings","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cummings J, Osse AML, Cammann D, Powell J, Chen J (2024) Anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. BioDrugs 38:5\u201322","journal-title":"BioDrugs"},{"key":"4744_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-022-01308-6","volume":"20","author":"L S\u00f6derberg","year":"2023","unstructured":"S\u00f6derberg L, Johannesson M, Nygren P, Laudon H, Eriksson F, Osswald G, M\u00f6ller C, Lannfelt L (2023) Lecanemab, Aducanumab, and Gantenerumab \u2014 binding profiles to different forms of Amyloid-Beta might explain efficacy and side effects in clinical trials for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Neurotherapeutics 20:195\u2013206","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"4744_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2022.01.016","volume":"27","author":"SA Tatulian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tatulian SA (2022) Challenges and hopes for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Drug Discov Today 27:1027\u20131043","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"key":"4744_CR12","first-page":"47","volume":"12","author":"CR Kovach","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kovach CR (1996) Alzheimer\u2019s disease: long-term care issues. Issues Law Med 12:47","journal-title":"Issues Law Med"},{"key":"4744_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4926","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27154926","volume":"27","author":"A-U Khan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khan A-U, Ijaz MU, Shah FA, Khan AW, Li S (2022) Neuroprotective effects of berbamine, bergepten, and carveol on paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. Molecules 27:4926","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"4744_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.5958\/0974-360X.2018.00395.5","volume":"11","author":"HM Mukhtar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mukhtar HM, Kalsi V (2018) A review on medicinal properties of Zanthoxylum armatum Dc. Res J Pharm Technol 11:2131\u20132138","journal-title":"Res J Pharm Technol"},{"key":"4744_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13040429","volume":"13","author":"M Rudrapal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rudrapal M, Rakshit G, Singh RP, Garse S, Khan J, Chakraborty S (2024) Dietary polyphenols: review on chemistry\/sources, bioavailability\/metabolism, antioxidant effects, and their role in disease management. Antioxid Basel 13:429","journal-title":"Antioxid Basel"},{"key":"4744_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4731","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14224731","volume":"14","author":"KH Shim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shim KH, Sharma N, An SSA (2022) Mechanistic insights into the neuroprotective potential of sacred Ficus trees. Nutrients 14:4731","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4744_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00730","volume":"14","author":"J Kowalczyk","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kowalczyk J, Kurach \u0141, Boguszewska-Czubara A, Skalicka-Wo\u017aniak K, Kruk-S\u0142omka M, Kurzepa J, Wydrzynska-Ku\u017ama M, Bia\u0142a G, Skiba A, Budzy\u0144ska B (2020) Bergapten improves scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice via cholinergic and antioxidative mechanisms. Front Neurosci 14:730","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"4744_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2021.115697","volume":"429","author":"MA Salem","year":"2021","unstructured":"Salem MA, Budzy\u0144ska B, Kowalczyk J, El Sayed NS, Mansour SM (2021) Tadalafil and Bergapten mitigate Streptozotocin-induced sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s disease in mice via modulating neuroinflammation, PI3K\/Akt, Wnt\/\u0392-catenin, AMPK\/MTOR signaling pathways. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 429:115697","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"4744_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3218","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17203218","volume":"17","author":"J Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang J, Zhang J (2025) Natural small-molecule bergapten ameliorates amyloid-\u03b2 pathology and neuroinflammation In Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nutrients 17:3218","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4744_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038343","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.1038343","volume":"14","author":"E Aumont","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aumont E, Tremblay C, Levert S, Bennett DA, Calon F, Leclerc N (2022) Evidence of filamin A loss of solubility at the prodromal stage of neuropathologically-defined Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 14:1038343","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"4744_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2023.07.003","volume":"15","author":"MN Cecyn","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cecyn MN, Abrahao KP (2023) Where do you measure the bregma for rodent stereotaxic surgery? IBRO Neurosci Rep 15:143\u2013148","journal-title":"IBRO Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"4744_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.70029","volume":"182","author":"Z Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li Z, Lobue A, Heuser SK, Li J, Engelhardt E, Papapetropoulos A, Patel HH, Lilley E, Ferdinandy P, Schulz R (2025) Best practices for blood collection and anaesthesia in mice: selection, application and reporting. Br J Pharmacol 182:2337\u20132353","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"4744_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.08.011","volume":"99","author":"SA Hollingsworth","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hollingsworth SA, Dror RO (2018) molecular dynamics simulation for all. Neuron 99:1129\u20131143","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"4744_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-177-2_19","volume-title":"Molecular modeling of proteins","author":"GM Morris","year":"2008","unstructured":"Morris GM, Lim-Wilby M (2008) Molecular docking. Molecular modeling of proteins. Springer, pp 365\u2013382"},{"key":"4744_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1177\/24725552211030897","volume":"26","author":"S Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li S, Li AJ, Travers J, Xu T, Sakamuru S, Klumpp-Thomas C, Huang R, Xia M (2021) Identification of compounds for butyrylcholinesterase inhibition. Slas Discov 26:1355\u20131364","journal-title":"Slas Discov"},{"key":"4744_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2021.116320","volume":"142","author":"D-M Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu D-M, Xu B, Dong C (2021) Recent advances in colorimetric strategies for Acetylcholinesterase assay and their applications. TrAC Trends Anal Chem 142:116320","journal-title":"TrAC Trends Anal Chem"},{"key":"4744_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.3390\/s21051796","volume":"21","author":"M Pohanka","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pohanka M, Zakova J (2021) A smartphone camera colorimetric assay of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase activity. Sens Basel 21:1796","journal-title":"Sens Basel"},{"key":"4744_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16345","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.2c03290","volume":"94","author":"Y Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Y, Xue Y, Zhao Q, Wang S, Sun J, Yang X (2022) Colorimetric assay for acetylcholinesterase activity and inhibitor screening based on metal-organic framework nanosheets. Anal Chem 94:16345\u201316352","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"4744_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-021-03229-w","volume":"46","author":"M Ali","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ali M, Saleem U, Anwar F, Imran M, Nadeem H, Ahmad B, Ali T, Atta Ur R, Ismail T (2021) Screening of synthetic isoxazolone derivative role in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: computational and pharmacological approach. Neurochem Res 46:905\u2013920","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"4744_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E3162","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.3162","volume":"9","author":"EA Prieur","year":"2019","unstructured":"Prieur EA, Jadavji NM (2019) Assessing spatial working memory using the spontaneous alternation Y-maze test in aged male mice. Bio-Protoc 9:E3162\u2013E3162","journal-title":"Bio-Protoc"},{"key":"4744_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/55718","author":"LM Lueptow","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lueptow LM (2017) Novel object recognition test for the investigation of learning and memory in mice. J Vis Exp. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/55718","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"4744_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-021-03327-9","volume":"46","author":"S Nazir","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nazir S, Anwar F, Saleem U, Ahmad B, Raza Z, Sanawar M, Rehman AU, Ismail T (2021) Drotaverine inhibitor of Pde4: reverses the streptozotocin induced Alzheimer\u2019s disease in mice. Neurochem Res 46:1814\u20131829","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"4744_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e27809","author":"I Badshah","year":"2024","unstructured":"Badshah I, Qazi NG, Anwar M, Shaukat B, Khan MI, Murtaza B (2024) Carveol mitigates the development of the morphine anti-nociceptive tolerance, physical dependence, and conditioned place preference in mice. Heliyon. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e27809","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"4744_CR34","first-page":"51","volume":"15","author":"M Nobakht","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nobakht M, Hoseini SM, Mortazavi P, Sohrabi I, Esmailzade B, Roosh NR, Omidzahir S (2011) Neuropathological changes in brain cortex and hippocampus in a rat model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Iran Biomed J 15:51","journal-title":"Iran Biomed J"},{"key":"4744_CR35","first-page":"264","volume-title":"Medical imaging 2018: digital pathology","author":"D Tellez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tellez D, Balkenhol M, Karssemeijer N, Litjens G, van der Laak J, Ciompi F (2018) H And E stain augmentation improves generalization of convolutional networks for histopathological mitosis detection. Medical imaging 2018: digital pathology. SPIE, pp 264\u2013270"},{"key":"4744_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2009.07.010","volume":"184","author":"A K\u00e1d\u00e1r","year":"2009","unstructured":"K\u00e1d\u00e1r A, Wittmann G, Liposits Z, Fekete C (2009) Improved method for combination of immunocytochemistry and Nissl staining. J Neurosci Methods 184:115\u2013118","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"4744_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Bsr20181415","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20181415","volume":"39","author":"EI Yakupova","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yakupova EI, Bobyleva LG, Vikhlyantsev IM, Bobylev AG (2019) Congo Red and amyloids: history and relationship. Biosci Rep 39:Bsr20181415","journal-title":"Biosci Rep"},{"key":"4744_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2024.108040","volume":"154","author":"J Azam","year":"2025","unstructured":"Azam J, Noman M, Nadeem H, Ahmad N, Hilal F, Irshad N (2025) Pharmacological investigation of selected 1, 2, 4 triazole derivative against ethanol induced gastric ulcer. Bioorg Chem 154:108040","journal-title":"Bioorg Chem"},{"key":"4744_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886433","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.886433","volume":"13","author":"M Noman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Noman M, Qazi NG, Rehman NU, Khan A-U (2022) Pharmacological investigation of brucine anti-ulcer potential. Front Pharmacol 13:886433","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"4744_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10040595","volume":"10","author":"AM Gusti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gusti AM, Qusti SY, Alshammari EM, Toraih EA, Fawzy MS (2021) Antioxidants-related superoxide dismutase (Sod), catalase (Cat), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), glutathione-s-transferase (Gst), and nitric oxide synthase (Nos) gene variants analysis in an obese population: a preliminary case-control study. Antioxidants Basel 10:595","journal-title":"Antioxidants Basel"},{"key":"4744_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-021-02091-5","volume":"18","author":"W Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li W, Ali T, Zheng C, Liu Z, He K, Shah FA, Ren Q, Rahman SU, Li N, Yu Z-J, Li S (2021) Fluoxetine regulates eEF2 activity (phosphorylation) via HDAC1 inhibitory mechanism in an LPS-induced mouse model of depression. J Neuroinflammation 18:38","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"4744_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26489","DOI":"10.31083\/JIN26489","volume":"24","author":"N Golushko","year":"2025","unstructured":"Golushko N, Shevlyakov A, Martynov D, Yang L, De Abreu MS (2025) The emerging role of Filamin A and the Flna gene in translational neuroscience research. J Integr Neurosci 24:26489","journal-title":"J Integr Neurosci"},{"key":"4744_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e08502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e08502","volume":"7","author":"S Iqbal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Iqbal S, Malik MZ, Pal D (2021) Network-Based Identification Of Mirnas And Transcription Factors And In Silico Drug Screening Targeting \u0394-Secretase Involved In Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Heliyon 7:e08502","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"4744_CR44","first-page":"876","volume":"40","author":"R Tao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tao R, Xie X, Wu J, Fang Y (2023) Molecular dynamics simulation of force-regulated interaction between glycoprotein Ib \u0391 And Filamin. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 40:876\u2013885","journal-title":"Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"4744_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2626","DOI":"10.1021\/ci4002475","volume":"53","author":"M Ylilauri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ylilauri M, Pentik\u00e4Inen OT (2013) Mmgbsa as a tool to understand the binding affinities of Filamin-peptide interactions. J Chem Inf Model 53:2626\u20132633","journal-title":"J Chem Inf Model"},{"key":"4744_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205013666160404120542","volume":"13","author":"S Darvesh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Darvesh S (2016) Butyrylcholinesterase as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 13:1173\u20131177","journal-title":"Curr Alzheimer Res"},{"key":"4744_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527313666141023141545","volume":"13","author":"G Mushtaq","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mushtaq G, Greig HN, Khan AJ, Kamal AM (2014) Status of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 13:1432\u20131439","journal-title":"CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets"},{"key":"4744_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-2008-5-610","volume":"63","author":"I Orhan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Orhan I, Tosun F, \u015eener B (2008) Coumarin, anthroquinone and stilbene derivatives with Anticholinesterase activity. Z Naturforsch C J Biosci 63:366\u2013370","journal-title":"Z Naturforsch C J Biosci"},{"key":"4744_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2018.07.007","volume":"136","author":"V De De-Paula Jr","year":"2018","unstructured":"De De-Paula V Jr, Forlenza AS, Forlenza OV (2018) Relevance of gutmicrobiota in cognition, behaviour and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Pharmacol Res 136:29\u201334","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"4744_CR50","first-page":"67","volume":"30","author":"DA Forbes","year":"1998","unstructured":"Forbes DA (1998) Strategies for managing the behavioural symptomatology associated with dementia of the Alzheimer type: a systematic overview. Can J Nurs Res Arch 30:67\u201386","journal-title":"Can J Nurs Res Arch"},{"key":"4744_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2014.00088","volume":"5","author":"SJ Webster","year":"2014","unstructured":"Webster SJ, Bachstetter AD, Nelson PT, Schmitt FA, Van Eldik LJ (2014) Using mice to model Alzheimer\u2019s dementia: an overview of the clinical disease and the preclinical behavioral changes in 10 mouse models. Front Genet 5:88","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"4744_CR52","first-page":"67","volume":"3","author":"ND Salih","year":"2014","unstructured":"Salih ND, Kumar GH, Noah RM, Muslih RK (2014) The effect of Streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus on liver activity in mice. Glob J Adv Pure Appl Sci 3:67\u201375","journal-title":"Glob J Adv Pure Appl Sci"},{"key":"4744_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2004.06.002","volume":"51","author":"O Coskun","year":"2005","unstructured":"Coskun O, Kanter M, Korkmaz A, Oter S (2005) Quercetin, a flavonoid antioxidant, prevents and protects Streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress and \u0392-cell damage in rat pancreas. Pharmacol Res 51:117\u2013123","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"4744_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2794","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9144-z","volume":"53","author":"J Biswas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Biswas J, Goswami P, Gupta S, Joshi N, Nath C, Singh S (2016) Streptozotocin induced neurotoxicity involves Alzheimer\u2019s related pathological markers: a study on N2a cells. Mol Neurobiol 53:2794\u20132806","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"4744_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.04368.x","volume":"101","author":"E Grunblatt","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grunblatt E, Salkovic-Petrisic M, Osmanovic J, Riederer P, Hoyer S (2007) Brain insulin system dysfunction in Streptozotocin intracerebroventricularly treated rats generates hyperphosphorylated Tau protein. J Neurochem 101:757\u2013770","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"4744_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2004.02.005","volume":"63","author":"R Gittins","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gittins R, Harrison PJ (2004) Neuronal density, size and shape in the human anterior cingulate cortex: a comparison of Nissl and Neun staining. Brain Res Bull 63:155\u2013160","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"4744_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2021.109082","volume":"353","author":"SE Setti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Setti SE, Raymick J, Hanig J, Sarkar S (2021) In vivo demonstration of Congo Red labeled amyloid plaques via perfusion in the Alzheimer disease rat model. J Neurosci Methods 353:109082","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"4744_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00308476","volume":"83","author":"PG Vallet","year":"1992","unstructured":"Vallet PG, Guntern R, Hof P, Golaz J, Delacourte A, Robakis N, Bouras C (1992) A comparative study of histological and immunohistochemical methods for neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Acta Neuropathol 83:170\u2013178","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"4744_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2990.1998.00116.x","volume":"24","author":"I Ferrer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ferrer I, Mart\u00ed E, L\u00f3pez E, Tortosa A (1998) Nf-kb immunoreactivity is observed in association with \u0392a4 diffuse plaques in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 24:271\u2013277","journal-title":"Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol"},{"key":"4744_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.2174\/156720510793611592","volume":"7","author":"K Iqbal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Iqbal K, Liu F, Gong C-X, Grundke-Iqbal I (2010) tau in Alzheimer disease and related Tauopathies. Curr Alzheimer Res 7:656\u2013664","journal-title":"Curr Alzheimer Res"},{"key":"4744_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-022-00665-2","volume":"18","author":"TK Karikari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Karikari TK, Ashton NJ, Brinkmalm G, Brum WS, Benedet AL, Montoliu-Gaya L, Lantero-Rodriguez J, Pascoal TA, Su\u00e1rez-Calvet M, Rosa-Neto P (2022) Blood phospho-Tau in Alzheimer disease: analysis, interpretation, and clinical utility. Nat Rev Neurol 18:400\u2013418","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"4744_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(96)00310-1","volume":"735","author":"K Terai","year":"1996","unstructured":"Terai K, Matsuo A, Mcgeer PL (1996) Enhancement of immunoreactivity for Nf-\u039ab in the hippocampal formation and cerebral cortex of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Brain Res 735:159\u2013168","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"4744_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.053","volume":"692","author":"F Ali","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ali F, Jyoti S, Naz F, Ashafaq M, Shahid M, Siddique YH (2019) Therapeutic potential of luteolin in transgenic Drosophila model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurosci Lett 692:90\u201399","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"4744_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e3181cb5af4","volume":"69","author":"MA Ansari","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ansari MA, Scheff SW (2010) Oxidative stress in the progression of Alzheimer disease in the frontal cortex. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 69:155\u2013167","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"4744_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205012666150302160308","volume":"12","author":"N Braidy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Braidy N, Zarka M, Welch J, Bridge W (2015) Therapeutic approaches to modulating glutathione levels as a pharmacological strategy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 12:298\u2013313","journal-title":"Curr Alzheimer Res"},{"key":"4744_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.4103\/2225-4110.139107","volume":"4","author":"S Subash","year":"2014","unstructured":"Subash S, Essa MM, Al-Asmi A, Al-Adawi S, Vaishnav R, Braidy N, Manivasagam T, Guillemin GJ (2014) Pomegranate from Oman alleviates the brain oxidative damage in transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Tradit Complement Med 4:232\u2013238","journal-title":"J Tradit Complement Med"},{"key":"4744_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2011-110284","volume":"26","author":"LL Torres","year":"2011","unstructured":"Torres LL, Quaglio NB, De Souza GT, Garcia RT, Dati LMM, Moreira WL, De Melo Loureiro AP, De Souza-Talarico JN, Smid J, Porto CS (2011) Peripheral oxidative stress biomarkers in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Alzheimer\u2019s Dis 26:59\u201368","journal-title":"J Alzheimer\u2019s Dis"},{"key":"4744_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2009.09.011","volume":"223","author":"F Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez F, De Barreda EG, Fuster-Matanzo A, Lucas JJ, Avila J (2010) Gsk3: a possible link between Beta amyloid peptide and Tau protein. Exp Neurol 223:322\u2013325","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"4744_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.65.10.1368","volume":"65","author":"BA Schaffer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schaffer BA, Bertram L, Miller BL, Mullin K, Weintraub S, Johnson N, Bigio EH, Mesulam M, Wiedau-Pazos M, Jackson GR (2008) Association of GSK3B with Alzheimer disease and frontotemporal dementia. Arch Neurol 65:1368\u20131374","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"4744_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2017.03.016","volume":"55","author":"H-Y Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang H-Y, Lee K-C, Pei Z, Khan A, Bakshi K, Burns LH (2017) Pti-125 binds and reverses an altered conformation of Filamin A to reduce Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathogenesis. Neurobiol Aging 55:99\u2013114","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"4744_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3252","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx272","volume":"140","author":"FJ Bustos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bustos FJ, Ampuero E, Jury N, Aguilar R, Falahi F, Toledo J, Ahumada J, Lata J, Cubillos P, Henr\u00edquez B (2017) Epigenetic editing of the Dlg4\/Psd95 gene improves cognition in aged and Alzheimer\u2019s disease mice. Brain 140:3252\u20133268","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"4744_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02736774","volume":"8","author":"WP Li","year":"1997","unstructured":"Li WP, Chan WY, Lai HW, Yew DT (1997) Terminal dutp nick end labeling (tunel) positive cells in the different regions of the brain in normal aging and Alzheimer patients. J Mol Neurosci 8:75\u201382","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"4744_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gomez Ravetti M, Rosso OA, Berretta R, Moscato P (2010) Uncovering molecular biomarkers that correlate cognitive decline with the changes of hippocampus' gene expression profiles in Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One. 5(4):e10153","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010153"},{"key":"4744_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-6606-4-3","volume":"4","author":"Y-W Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang Y-W, Thompson R, Zhang H, Xu H (2011) App processing in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Mol Brain 4:1\u201313","journal-title":"Mol Brain"}],"container-title":["Neurochemical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04744-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04744-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04744-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T05:02:06Z","timestamp":1777266126000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04744-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["4744"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04744-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-3190","1573-6903"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-3190","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6903","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 March 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 March 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 April 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}},{"value":"Study was conducted after approval from Bioethics Committee (BEC), of Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan, granted authorized No.# BEC-FBS-QAU 2024-601 governed under the ARRIVE guidelines, the National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}}],"article-number":"133"}}