{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T15:32:01Z","timestamp":1793460721718,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2020YFA0803900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFA0803900"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurochem Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-026-04869-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T08:21:50Z","timestamp":1787818910000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prednisone Exposure During Pregnancy Increases Susceptibility to Epilepsy in Adult Offspring Mice"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Xue-Lei","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6232-9075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meng-Liu","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting-Ting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Cui","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin-Li","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Yi","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4408-2469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5599-6779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bi-Wen","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"4869_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.301.6761.1111","volume":"301","author":"DJ Barker","year":"1990","unstructured":"Barker DJ (1990) The fetal and infant origins of adult disease. BMJ 301:1111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.301.6761.1111","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4869_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.363190","volume":"18","author":"G Costa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Costa G, Pollack AE (2023) Prenatal and postnatal drug exposure: focus on persistent central effects. Neural Regen Res 18:1697\u20131702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1673-5374.363190","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"4869_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4423","volume":"43","author":"TM Figueiredo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Figueiredo TM, de Barros JWF, Dos Santos Borges C, Pacheco TL, de Lima Rosa J, Anselmo-Franci JA, Kempinas WG (2023) Reproductive outcomes of neonatal exposure to betamethasone in male and female rats. J Appl Toxicol 43:752\u2013763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jat.4423","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"4869_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2022.05.029","volume":"13","author":"Z Lu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lu Z, Guo Y, Xu D, Xiao H, Dai Y, Liu K, Chen L, Wang H (2023) Developmental toxicity and programming alterations of multiple organs in offspring induced by medication during pregnancy. Acta Pharm Sin B 13:460\u2013477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apsb.2022.05.029","journal-title":"Acta Pharm Sin B"},{"key":"4869_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2013.07.003","volume":"34","author":"M Kadmiel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kadmiel M, Cidlowski JA (2013) Glucocorticoid receptor signaling in health and disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci 34:518\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tips.2013.07.003","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"4869_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-218272","volume":"80","author":"A Fanouriakis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fanouriakis A, Tziolos N, Bertsias G, Boumpas DT (2021) Update omicronn the diagnosis and management of systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 80:14\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-218272","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4869_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.07.047","volume":"9","author":"K Palmsten","year":"2021","unstructured":"Palmsten K, Bandoli G, Watkins J, Vazquez-Benitez G, Gilmer TP, Chambers CD (2021) Oral corticosteroids and risk of preterm birth in the California Medicaid program. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 9:375\u201384 e5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.07.047","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"4869_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2022-223356","volume":"82","author":"JS Smolen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Smolen JS, Landewe RBM, Bergstra SA, Kerschbaumer A, Sepriano A, Aletaha D, Caporali R, Edwards CJ, Hyrich KL, Pope JE, de Souza S, Stamm TA, Takeuchi T, Verschueren P, Winthrop KL, Balsa A, Bathon JM, Buch MH, Burmester GR, Buttgereit F, Cardiel MH, Chatzidionysiou K, Codreanu C, Cutolo M, den Broeder AA, El Aoufy K, Finckh A, Fonseca JE, Gottenberg JE, Haavardsholm EA, Iagnocco A, Lauper K, Li Z, McInnes IB, Mysler EF, Nash P, Poor G, Ristic GG, Rivellese F, Rubbert-Roth A, Schulze-Koops H, Stoilov N, Strangfeld A, van der Helm-van Mil A, van Duuren E, Vliet Vlieland TPM, Westhovens R, van der Heijde D (2023) EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2022 update. Ann Rheum Dis 82:3\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard-2022-223356","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4869_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1126\/science.705336","volume":"202","author":"JM Reinisch","year":"1978","unstructured":"Reinisch JM, Simon NG, Karow WG, Gandelman R (1978) Prenatal exposure to prednisone in humans and animals retards intrauterine growth. Science 202:436\u2013438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.705336","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"4869_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-009-1095-9","volume":"169","author":"PJ Saulnier","year":"2010","unstructured":"Saulnier PJ, Piguel X, Perault-Pochat MC, Csizmadia-Bremaud C, Saulnier JP (2010) Hypoglycaemic seizure and neonatal acute adrenal insufficiency after maternal exposure to prednisone during pregnancy: a case report. Eur J Pediatr 169:763\u2013765. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-009-1095-9","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"4869_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000139911.56346.1b","volume":"172","author":"S Yucel","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yucel S, Desouza A, Baskin LS (2004) In utero prednisone exposure affects genital development. J Urol 172:1725\u20131730. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ju.0000139911.56346.1b","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"4869_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2024.11.005","volume":"402","author":"X Zha","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zha X, Fang M, Zhong W, Chen L, Feng H, Zhang M, Wang H, Zhang Y (2024) Dose-, stage- and sex- difference of prenatal prednisone exposure on placental morphological and functional development. Toxicol Lett 402:68\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxlet.2024.11.005","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"4869_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.10.021","volume":"167","author":"JT Goncalves","year":"2016","unstructured":"Goncalves JT, Schafer ST, Gage FH (2016) Adult Neurogenesis in the Hippocampus: From Stem Cells to Behavior. Cell 167:897\u2013914. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2016.10.021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4869_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2015.10.049","volume":"25","author":"JJ Knierim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Knierim JJ (2015) The hippocampus. Curr Biol 25:R1116\u2013R1121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2015.10.049","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"4869_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2025.102716","volume":"108","author":"T Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao T, Cui X, Zhang X, Zhao M, Rastegar-Kashkooli Y, Wang J, Li Q, Jiang C, Li N, Xing F, Han X, Zhang J, Xing N, Wang J, Wang J (2025) Hippocampal sclerosis: A review on current research status and its mechanisms. Ageing Res Rev 108:102716. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arr.2025.102716","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"4869_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.57.2.169","volume":"57","author":"TP Sutula","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sutula TP, Pitkanen A (2001) More evidence for seizure-induced neuron loss: is hippocampal sclerosis both cause and effect of epilepsy? Neurology 57:169\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.57.2.169","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"Pt 6","key":"4869_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/122.6.1007","volume":"122","author":"JG Jefferys","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jefferys JG (1999) Hippocampal sclerosis and temporal lobe epilepsy: cause or consequence? Brain 122(Pt 6):1007\u20131008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/122.6.1007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"4869_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/s1734-1140(13)71033-8","volume":"65","author":"K Sendrowski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sendrowski K, Sobaniec W (2013) Hippocampus, hippocampal sclerosis and epilepsy. Pharmacol Rep 65:555\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1734-1140(13)71033-8","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep"},{"key":"4869_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2703","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.23630","volume":"37","author":"M Lu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lu M, He X, Jiao Z, Hu Z, Guo Z, Dai S, Wang H, Xu D (2022) The upregulation of glutamate decarboxylase 67 against hippocampal excitability damage in male fetal rats by prenatal caffeine exposure. Environ Toxicol 37:2703\u20132717. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/tox.23630","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol"},{"key":"4869_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152393","volume":"432","author":"H Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang H, Wang Z, Meng L, Kuang H, Liu J, Lv X, Pang Q, Fan R (2020) Maternal exposure to environmental bisphenol A impairs the neurons in hippocampus across generations. Toxicology 432:152393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152393","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"4869_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2022.12.007","volume":"374","author":"H Peng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Peng H, Li H, Wei Y, Zhang R, Chang X, Meng L, Wang K, He Q, Duan T (2023) Effects of prenatal exposure to THC on hippocampal neural development in offspring. Toxicol Lett 374:48\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxlet.2022.12.007","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"4869_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2022.05.004","volume":"364","author":"L Xie","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xie L, Jiao Z, Zhang H, Wang T, Qin J, Zhang S, Luo M, Lu M, Yao B, Wang H, Xu D (2022) Altered hippocampal GR\/KCC2 signaling mediates susceptibility to convulsion in male offspring following dexamethasone exposure during pregnancy in rats. Toxicol Lett 364:12\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxlet.2022.05.004","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"4869_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2022.109331","volume":"223","author":"J Qin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qin J, Yao B, Xie L, Wang T, Zhang S, Luo M, Wang H, Xu D, Peng B (2023) Impact of prenatal amoxicillin exposure on hippocampal development deficiency. Neuropharmacology 223:109331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2022.109331","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"4869_CR24","unstructured":"Minghui R (2019) Epilepsy: a public health imperative. World Health Organization. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/epilepsy-a-public-health-imperative"},{"key":"4869_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1113\/JP275413","volume":"596","author":"K Toth","year":"2018","unstructured":"Toth K, Hofer KT, Kandracs A, Entz L, Bago A, Eross L, Jordan Z, Nagy G, Solyom A, Fabo D, Ulbert I, Wittner L (2018) Hyperexcitability of the network contributes to synchronization processes in the human epileptic neocortex. J Physiol 596:317\u2013342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/JP275413","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"4869_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-021-00750-4","volume":"37","author":"GT Jiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiang GT, Shao L, Kong S, Zeng ML, Cheng JJ, Chen TX, Han S, Yin J, Liu WH, He XH, Liu YM, Gongga L, Peng BW (2021) Complement C3 Aggravates Post-epileptic Neuronal Injury Via Activation of TRPV1. Neurosci Bull 37:1427\u20131440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12264-021-00750-4","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"4869_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-019-1618-x","volume":"16","author":"X Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang X, Yang XL, Kong WL, Zeng ML, Shao L, Jiang GT, Cheng JJ, Kong S, He XH, Liu WH, Chen TX, Peng BW (2019) TRPV1 translocated to astrocytic membrane to promote migration and inflammatory infiltration thus promotes epilepsy after hypoxic ischemia in immature brain. J Neuroinflammation 16:214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-019-1618-x","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"4869_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2016.01.006","volume":"31","author":"Y Du","year":"2016","unstructured":"Du Y, Song Y, Zhang L, Zhang M, Fu F (2016) Combined treatment with low dose prednisone and escin improves the anti-arthritic effect in experimental arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 31:257\u2013265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2016.01.006","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"4869_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2015.76","volume":"36","author":"SX Yan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yan SX, Deng XM, Wang QT, Sun XJ, Wei W (2015) Prednisone treatment inhibits the differentiation of B lymphocytes into plasma cells in MRL\/MpSlac-lpr mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 36:1367\u20131376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/aps.2015.76","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Sin"},{"key":"4869_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-019-1487-3","volume":"16","author":"XL Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang XL, Wang X, Shao L, Jiang GT, Min JW, Mei XY, He XH, Liu WH, Huang WX, Peng BW (2019) TRPV1 mediates astrocyte activation and interleukin-1beta release induced by hypoxic ischemia (HI). J Neuroinflammation 16:114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-019-1487-3","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"4869_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2023.106014","volume":"178","author":"KL Kraus","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kraus KL, Nawreen N, Godale CM, Chordia AP, Packard B, LaSarge CL, Herman JP, Danzer SC (2023) Hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors modulate status epilepticus severity. Neurobiol Dis 178:106014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbd.2023.106014","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"4869_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2024.102856","volume":"119","author":"AL Gonzalez-Cota","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Cota AL, Martinez-Flores D, Rosendo-Pineda MJ, Vaca L (2024) NMDA receptor-mediated Ca(2+) signaling: impact on cell cycle regulation and the development of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Cell Calcium 119:102856. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ceca.2024.102856","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"4869_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12770","volume":"24","author":"SJ Cho","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cho SJ, Vaca MA, Miranda CJ, N\u2019Gouemo P (2018) Inhibition of transient potential receptor vanilloid type 1 suppresses seizure susceptibility in the genetically epilepsy-prone rat. CNS Neurosci Ther 24:18\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cns.12770","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"4869_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2018.06.016","volume":"145","author":"K Suemaru","year":"2018","unstructured":"Suemaru K, Yoshikawa M, Aso H, Watanabe M (2018) TRPV1 mediates the anticonvulsant effects of acetaminophen in mice. Epilepsy Res 145:153\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2018.06.016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"4869_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-03083-w","volume":"589","author":"YQ Ping","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ping YQ, Mao C, Xiao P, Zhao RJ, Jiang Y, Yang Z, An WT, Shen DD, Yang F, Zhang H, Qu C, Shen Q, Tian C, Li ZJ, Li S, Wang GY, Tao X, Wen X, Zhong YN, Yang J, Yi F, Yu X, Xu HE, Zhang Y, Sun JP (2021) Structures of the glucocorticoid-bound adhesion receptor GPR97-G(o) complex. Nature 589:620\u2013626. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-020-03083-w","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4869_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.959","volume":"21","author":"W Ma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ma W, St-Jacques B, Rudakou U, Kim YN (2017) Stimulating TRPV1 externalization and synthesis in dorsal root ganglion neurons contributes to PGE2 potentiation of TRPV1 activity and nociceptor sensitization. Eur J Pain 21:575\u2013593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejp.959","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"4869_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2020.04.031","volume":"153","author":"CE Osycka-Salut","year":"2020","unstructured":"Osycka-Salut CE, Martinez-Leon E, Gervasi MG, Castellano L, Davio C, Chiarante N, Franchi AM, Ribeiro ML, Diaz ES, Perez-Martinez S (2020) Fibronectin induces capacitation-associated events through the endocannabinoid system in bull sperm. Theriogenology 153:91\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2020.04.031","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"4869_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2021.108533","volume":"189","author":"W Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen W, McRoberts JA, Ennes HS, Marvizon JC (2021) cAMP signaling through protein kinase A and Epac2 induces substance P release in the rat spinal cord. Neuropharmacology 189:108533. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2021.108533","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"4869_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4410","volume":"27","author":"K Palmsten","year":"2018","unstructured":"Palmsten K, Rolland M, Hebert MF, Clowse MEB, Schatz M, Xu R, Chambers CD (2018) Patterns of prednisone use during pregnancy in women with rheumatoid arthritis: daily and cumulative dose. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 27:430\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pds.4410","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"4869_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.08.004","volume":"166","author":"LJ Yockey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yockey LJ, Varela L, Rakib T, Khoury-Hanold W, Fink SL, Stutz B, Szigeti-Buck K, Van den Pol A, Lindenbach BD, Horvath TL, Iwasaki A (2016) Vaginal exposure to Zika virus during pregnancy leads to fetal brain infection. Cell 166:1247\u201356 e4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2016.08.004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4869_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2018.12.002","volume":"175","author":"L Bergdolt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bergdolt L, Dunaevsky A (2019) Brain changes in a maternal immune activation model of neurodevelopmental brain disorders. Prog Neurobiol 175:1\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2018.12.002","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"4869_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14040","volume":"43","author":"SN Mattson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mattson SN, Bernes GA, Doyle LR (2019) Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Review of the Neurobehavioral Deficits Associated With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 43:1046\u20131062. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.14040","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"4869_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106716","volume":"190","author":"EM Castro","year":"2023","unstructured":"Castro EM, Lotfipour S, Leslie FM (2023) Nicotine on the developing brain. Pharmacol Res 190:106716. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106716","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"4869_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12415","volume":"32","author":"K Palmsten","year":"2018","unstructured":"Palmsten K, Hulugalle A, Bandoli G, Kuo GM, Ansari S, Xu R, Chambers CD (2018) Agreement between maternal report and medical records during pregnancy: medications for rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 32:68\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ppe.12415","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"4869_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.12724","volume":"13","author":"AH Jobe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jobe AH, Milad MA, Peppard T, Jusko WJ (2020) Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Intramuscular and Oral Betamethasone and Dexamethasone in Reproductive Age Women in India. Clin Transl Sci 13:391\u2013399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cts.12724","journal-title":"Clin Transl Sci"},{"key":"4869_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1987.tb120124.x","volume":"146","author":"EJ Begg","year":"1987","unstructured":"Begg EJ, Atkinson HC, Gianarakis N (1987) The pharmacokinetics of corticosteroid agents. Med J Aust 146:37\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1987.tb120124.x","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"4869_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.1122","volume":"58","author":"RJ Ryu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ryu RJ, Easterling TR, Caritis SN, Venkataramanan R, Umans JG, Ahmed MS, Clark S, Kantrowitz-Gordon I, Hays K, Bennett B, Honaker MT, Thummel KE, Shen DD, Hebert MF (2018) Prednisone Pharmacokinetics During Pregnancy and Lactation. J Clin Pharmacol 58:1223\u20131232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcph.1122","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"4869_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez405","volume":"59","author":"K Palmsten","year":"2020","unstructured":"Palmsten K, Bandoli G, Vazquez-Benitez G, Xi M, Johnson DL, Xu R, Chambers CD (2020) Oral corticosteroid use during pregnancy and risk of preterm birth. Rheumatology (Oxford) 59:1262\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez405","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"4869_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759 e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.05.060","volume":"227","author":"S Tao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tao S, Du J, Chi X, Zhu Y, Wang X, Meng Q, Ling X, Diao F, Song C, Jiang Y, Lv H, Lu Q, Qin R, Huang L, Xu X, Liu C, Ding Y, Jiang T, Ma H, Xia Y, Liu J, Lin Y, Jin G, Hu Z, China National Birth C (2022) Associations between antenatal corticosteroid exposure and neurodevelopment in infants. Am J Obstet Gynecol 227:759 e1-e15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.05.060","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"4869_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000852","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2018-000852","volume":"5","author":"H Ince-Askan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ince-Askan H, van den Akker ELT, de Rijke YB, van Rossum EFC, Hazes JMW, Dolhain R (2019) Associations between antenatal prednisone exposure and long-term cortisol and cortisone concentrations in children born to women with rheumatoid arthritis: results from a nationwide prospective cohort study. RMD Open 5:e000852. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2018-000852","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"4869_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12388","volume":"80","author":"FD de Steenwinkel","year":"2014","unstructured":"de Steenwinkel FD, Hokken-Koelega AC, Hazes JM, Dolhain RJ (2014) The influence of foetal prednisone exposure on the cortisol levels in the offspring. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 80:804\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cen.12388","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"4869_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-018-0208-4","volume":"44","author":"S Yagi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yagi S, Galea LAM (2019) Sex differences in hippocampal cognition and neurogenesis. Neuropsychopharmacology 44:200\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41386-018-0208-4","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"4869_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.03.010","volume":"64","author":"LH Nelson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nelson LH, Warden S, Lenz KM (2017) Sex differences in microglial phagocytosis in the neonatal hippocampus. Brain Behav Immun 64:11\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.03.010","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"4869_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2011.07630.x","volume":"120","author":"JM Schwarz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schwarz JM, Sholar PW, Bilbo SD (2012) Sex differences in microglial colonization of the developing rat brain. J Neurochem 120:948\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2011.07630.x","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"4869_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2023.11.025","volume":"116","author":"M Carrier","year":"2024","unstructured":"Carrier M, Hui CW, Watters V, Simoncicova E, Picard K, Gonzalez Ibanez F, Vernoux N, Droit A, Desjardins M, Tremblay ME (2024) Behavioral as well as hippocampal transcriptomic and microglial responses differ across sexes in adult mouse offspring exposed to a dual genetic and environmental challenge. Brain Behav Immun 116:126\u2013139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2023.11.025","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"4869_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2020.01.010","volume":"31","author":"J Kroon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kroon J, Pereira AM, Meijer OC (2020) Glucocorticoid sexual dimorphism in metabolism: dissecting the role of sex hormones. Trends Endocrinol Metab 31:357\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tem.2020.01.010","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"4869_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2023.05.013","volume":"13","author":"M Luo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Luo M, Yi Y, Huang S, Dai S, Xie L, Liu K, Zhang S, Jiang T, Wang T, Yao B, Wang H, Xu D (2023) Gestational dexamethasone exposure impacts hippocampal excitatory synaptic transmission and learning and memory function with transgenerational effects. Acta Pharm Sin B 13:3708\u20133727. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apsb.2023.05.013","journal-title":"Acta Pharm Sin B"},{"key":"4869_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s10565-021-09590-4","volume":"38","author":"T Jiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang T, Hu S, Dai S, Yi Y, Wang T, Li X, Luo M, Li K, Chen L, Wang H, Xu D (2022) Programming changes of hippocampal miR-134-5p\/SOX2 signal mediate the susceptibility to depression in prenatal dexamethasone-exposed female offspring. Cell Biol Toxicol 38:69\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10565-021-09590-4","journal-title":"Cell Biol Toxicol"},{"key":"4869_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1007\/s10565-021-09621-0","volume":"39","author":"S Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang S, Hu S, Dong W, Huang S, Jiao Z, Hu Z, Dai S, Yi Y, Gong X, Li K, Wang H, Xu D (2023) Prenatal dexamethasone exposure induces anxiety- and depressive-like behavior of male offspring rats through intrauterine programming of the activation of NRG1-ErbB4 signaling in hippocampal PV interneurons. Cell Biol Toxicol 39:657\u2013678. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10565-021-09621-0","journal-title":"Cell Biol Toxicol"},{"key":"4869_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.2605","volume":"74","author":"J He","year":"2022","unstructured":"He J, Yang J, Chen L, He P, Liu X, Wang K, Dong T, Li J, Ma X, Bastian A, Arnulf S (2022) Serum\/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1-targeted transient receptor potential oxalate subtype 1 regulates bladder smooth muscle cell proliferation due to bladder outlet obstruction in mice via activated T cell nuclear factor transcription factor 2. IUBMB Life 74:463\u2013473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/iub.2605","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"}],"container-title":["Neurochemical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04869-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04869-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04869-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T15:08:57Z","timestamp":1793459337000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04869-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["4869"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04869-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-3190","1573-6903"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-3190","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6903","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 July 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 August 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 August 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All animal experimental procedures are approved and implemented by the China Animal Welfare Commission\u2019s \u201cGuide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals\u201d. The protocol was approved by the Animal Experimentation Ethics Committee of Wuhan University School of Medicine (permit number: 14016) and the Animal Experimentation Committee.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to Participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for Publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"252"}}