{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:38:31Z","timestamp":1790699911956,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001791","name":"Griffith University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001791","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychol Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adults who experience an acquired brain injury often experience disorders of consciousness, physical difficulties, and maladaptive behaviours. Multimodal sensory therapy may benefit brain injured patients, however the extent this therapy can facilitate rehabilitation is not well understood. This systematic review aimed to synthesize multimodal sensory therapy research for adults affected by acquired brain injury. PRISMA guidelines were followed and searches for work published up until July 2021 were undertaken in 5 databases, finding 1054 articles. 43 articles were included in the study. Results describe 29 studies related to coma following an acquired brain injury and 14 to no coma studies (mostly stroke). Multimodal sensory therapy was mostly used as a coma arousal technique following traumatic brain injury, finding positive effects. Multimodal sensory therapy was less applied in stroke, no coma rehabilitation, where most studies found improvement in somatosensory sensation and motor control in an affected limb. In several no coma studies, effects were maintained after several months. The most common senses stimulated in coma studies were audio (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930), tactile (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200928), visual (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200926), olfactory (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200922), and gustatory (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200917), while the most common senses stimulated in stroke, no coma studies were proprioception (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20097), tactile (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098), and stereognosis (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094). Multimodal sensory therapy can be beneficial for patients, especially those in a minimally conscious state or attempting physical rehabilitation following stroke. Negative findings are infrequent in the current literature base. Multimodal sensory therapy appears to be a low-risk intervention with positive outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-022-09560-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,3]],"date-time":"2022-09-03T00:42:57Z","timestamp":1662165777000},"page":"693-713","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Efficacy of Multimodal Sensory Therapy in Adult Acquired Brain Injury: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6653-1048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael Francis","family":"Norwood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3209-7831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Lakhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David Phillip","family":"Watling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9638-3138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chelsea Hannah","family":"Marsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2833-3101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heidi","family":"Zeeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"9560_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7924.2009.00117.x","volume":"6","author":"M Abbasi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Abbasi, M., Mohammadi, E., & Sheaykh Rezayi, A. (2009). Effect of a regular family visiting program as an affective, auditory, and tactile stimulation on the consciousness level of comatose patients with a head injury. Japan Journal of Nursing Science, 6(1), 21\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1742-7924.2009.00117.x","journal-title":"Japan Journal of Nursing Science"},{"key":"9560_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2021.118638","volume":"245","author":"SL Alnes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alnes, S. L., De Lucia, M., Rossetti, A. O., & Tzovara, A. (2021). Complementary roles of neural synchrony and complexity for indexing consciousness and chances of surviving in acute coma. NeuroImage, 245, 118638.","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"9560_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00156","volume":"8","author":"DS Alwis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alwis, D. S., & Rajan, R. (2014). Environmental enrichment and the sensory brain: the role of enrichment in remediating brain injury. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 8, 156\u2013156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00156","journal-title":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"9560_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-192692","volume":"44","author":"C Attwell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Attwell, C., J\u00f6hr, J., Pincherle, A., Pignat, J. M., Kaufmann, N., Knebel, J. F., & Diserens, K. (2019). Neurosensory stimulation outdoors enhances cognition recovery in cognitive motor dissociation: a prospective crossover study. NeuroRehabilitation, 44(4), 545\u2013554. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/NRE-192692","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"issue":"47","key":"9560_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12260","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1457-06.2006","volume":"26","author":"B Baier","year":"2006","unstructured":"Baier, B., Kleinschmidt, A., & Muller, N. G. (2006). Cross-modal processing in early visual and auditory cortices depends on expected statistical relationship of multisensory information. The Journal of Neuroscience, 26(47), 12260\u201312265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1457-06.2006","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"5","key":"9560_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2004.03587.x","volume":"20","author":"N Benaroya-Milshtein","year":"2004","unstructured":"Benaroya-Milshtein, N., Hollander, N., Apter, A., Kukulansky, T., Raz, N., Wilf, A., Yaniv, I., & Pick, C. G. (2004). Environmental enrichment in mice decreases anxiety, attenuates stress responses and enhances natural killer cell activity. The European Journal of Neuroscience, 20(5), 1341\u20131347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2004.03587.x","journal-title":"The European Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"9560_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.03.026","volume":"127","author":"IV Bonan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bonan, I. V., Leblong, E., Leplaideur, S., Laviolle, B., Ponche, S. T., & Yelnik, A. P. (2016). The effect of optokinetic and galvanic vestibular stimulations in reducing post-stroke postural asymmetry. Clinical Neurophysiology, 127(1), 842\u2013847. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.03.026","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"9560_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06400.x","volume":"1249","author":"GN Bratman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bratman, G. N., Hamilton, J. P., & Daily, G. C. (2012). The impacts of nature experience on human cognitive function and mental health: Nature experience, cognitive function, and mental health. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1249(1), 118\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06400.x","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"7","key":"9560_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916520906481","volume":"53","author":"MHEM Browning","year":"2021","unstructured":"Browning, M. H. E. M., Saeidi-Rizi, F., McAnirlin, O., Yoon, H., & Pei, Y. (2021). The role of methodological choices in the effects of experimental exposure to simulated natural landscapes on human health and cognitive performance: a systematic review. Environment and Behavior, 53(7), 687\u2013731. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0013916520906481","journal-title":"Environment and Behavior"},{"issue":"5","key":"9560_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968308317431","volume":"22","author":"NN Byl","year":"2008","unstructured":"Byl, N. N., Pitsch, E. A., & Abrams, G. M. (2008). Functional outcomes can vary by dose: Learning-based sensorimotor training for patients stable poststroke. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 22(5), 494\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1545968308317431","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair"},{"issue":"6","key":"9560_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1080\/1034912X.2019.1634247","volume":"67","author":"A Cameron","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cameron, A., Burns, P., Garner, A., Lau, S., Dixon, R., Pascoe, C., & Szafraniec, M. (2020). Making sense of multi-sensory environments: a scoping review. International Journal of Disability, Development, and Education, 67(6), 630\u2013656. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1034912X.2019.1634247","journal-title":"International Journal of Disability, Development, and Education"},{"issue":"5","key":"9560_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050110119853","volume":"16","author":"A Canedo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Canedo, A., Grix, M. C., & Nicoletti, J. (2002). An analysis of assessment instruments for the minimally responsive patient (MRP): Clinical observations. Brain Injury, 16(5), 453\u2013461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02699050110119853","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"key":"9560_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Carey, L. M. (1995). Somatosensory loss after stroke.\u00a0Critical Reviews\u2122 in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine,\u00a07(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1615\/CritRevPhysRehabilMed.v7.i1.40","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevPhysRehabilMed.v7.i1.40"},{"issue":"6","key":"9560_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9993(93)90158-7","volume":"74","author":"LM Carey","year":"1993","unstructured":"Carey, L. M., Matyas, T. A., & Oke, L. E. (1993). Sensory loss in stroke patients: Effective training of tactile and proprioceptive discrimination. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 74(6), 602\u2013611. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0003-9993(93)90158-7","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"key":"9560_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00826","volume":"9","author":"L Cheng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cheng, L., Cortese, D., Monti, M. M., Wang, F., Riganello, F., Arcuri, F., Di, H., & Schnakers, C. (2018). Do sensory stimulation programs have an impact on consciousness recovery? Frontiers in Neurology, 9, 826\u2013826. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2018.00826","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"issue":"7","key":"9560_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3963","volume":"16","author":"G Deco","year":"2015","unstructured":"Deco, G., Tononi, G., Boly, M., & Kringelbach, M. L. (2015). Rethinking segregation and integration: Contributions of whole-brain modelling. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 16(7), 430\u2013439.","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"9560_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.5958\/2349-2996.2017.00110.0","volume":"7","author":"K Deiva","year":"2017","unstructured":"Deiva, K., Vijayalakshmi, S., & Suseela, T. (2017). Effectiveness of coma stimulation therapy on traumatic brain injury patients in a government hospital setup \u2013a feasibility study. Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research, 7(4), 569\u2013572. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5958\/2349-2996.2017.00110.0","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"9560_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.3233\/RNN-120250","volume":"31","author":"C de Diego","year":"2013","unstructured":"de Diego, C., Puig, S., & Navarro, X. (2013). A sensorimotor stimulation program for rehabilitation of chronic stroke patients. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, 31(4), 361\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/RNN-120250","journal-title":"Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience"},{"key":"9560_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"de Jersey, M. C. (1979). Report on a sensory programme for patients with sensory deficits. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 25(4), 165\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0004-9514(14)61039-4","DOI":"10.1016\/s0004-9514(14)61039-4"},{"issue":"4","key":"9560_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968310390520","volume":"25","author":"BW de Witt","year":"2011","unstructured":"de Witt, B. W., Ehrenberg, K. M., McAloon, R. L., Panos, A. H., Shaw, K. E., Raghavan, P. V., Skidmore, E. R., & Kline, A. E. (2011). Abbreviated environmental enrichment enhances neurobehavioral recovery comparably to continuous exposure after traumatic brain injury. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 25(4), 343\u2013350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1545968310390520","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair"},{"issue":"40","key":"9560_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14085","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3572-11.2011","volume":"31","author":"M Ding","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ding, M., Wang, Q., Lo, E. H., & Stanley, G. B. (2011). Cortical excitation and inhibition following focal traumatic brain injury. The Journal of Neuroscience, 31(40), 14085\u201314094. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3572-11.2011","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"10","key":"9560_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2012.667588","volume":"26","author":"C Di Stefano","year":"2012","unstructured":"Di Stefano, C., Cortesi, A., Masotti, S., Simoncini, L., & Piperno, R. (2012). Increased behavioural responsiveness with complex stimulation in VS and MCS: Preliminary results. Brain Injury, 26(10), 1250\u20131256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02699052.2012.667588","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"4","key":"9560_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-017-2822-z","volume":"38","author":"E Dogru Huzmeli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dogru Huzmeli, E., Yildirim, S. A., & Kilinc, M. (2017). Effect of sensory training of the posterior thigh on trunk control and upper extremity functions in stroke patients. Neurological Sciences, 38(4), 651\u2013657. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-017-2822-z","journal-title":"Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"9560_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1080\/09602019308401436","volume":"3","author":"G Doman","year":"1993","unstructured":"Doman, G., Wilkinson, R., Dimancescu, M. D., & Pelligra, R. (1993). The effect of intense multi-sensory stimulation on coma arousal and recovery. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 3(2), 203\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09602019308401436","journal-title":"Neuropsychological Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"9560_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2009.08.006","volume":"31","author":"L Fava","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fava, L., & Strauss, K. (2010). Multi-sensory rooms: Comparing effects of the Snoezelen and the Stimulus Preference environment on the behavior of adults with profound mental retardation. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31(1), 160\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2009.08.006","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"issue":"2013","key":"9560_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00031","volume":"7","author":"D Frasca","year":"2013","unstructured":"Frasca, D., Tomaszczyk, J., McFadyen, B. J., & Green, R. E. (2013). Traumatic brain injury and post-acute decline: What role does environmental enrichment play? A scoping review. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7(2013), 31\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00031","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"9560_CR27","first-page":"430","volume-title":"Principles of neural science","author":"EP Gardner","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gardner, E. P., Martin, J. H., & Jessell, T. M. (2000). The bodily senses. In E. R. Kandel, J. H. Schwarz, & T. M. Jessell (Eds.), Principles of neural science (4th ed., pp. 430\u2013450). McGraw-Hill.","edition":"4"},{"key":"9560_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2016.08.008","volume":"136","author":"C Gomez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gomez, C., Poza, J., Gutierrez, M. T., Prada, E., Mendoza, N., & Hornero, R. (2016). Characterization of EEG patterns in brain-injured subjects and controls after a Snoezelen\u00ae intervention. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 136, 1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmpb.2016.08.008","journal-title":"Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"9560_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1080\/026990500120484","volume":"14","author":"ML Gr\u00fcner","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gr\u00fcner, M. L., & Terhaag, D. (2000). Multimodal early onset stimulation (MEOS) in rehabilitation after brain injury. Brain Injury, 14(6), 585\u2013594. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/026990500120484","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"9560_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.3109\/02699059209008139","volume":"6","author":"ME Hall","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hall, M. E., MacDonald, S., & Young, G. C. (1992). The effectiveness of directed multisensory stimulation versus non-directed stimulation in comatose CHI patients: Pilot study of a single subject design. Brain Injury, 6(5), 435\u2013445. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02699059209008139","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"key":"9560_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.01.067","volume":"1323","author":"KD Hall","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hall, K. D., & Lifshitz, J. (2010). Diffuse traumatic brain injury initially attenuates and later expands activation of the rat somatosensory whisker circuit concomitant with neuroplastic responses. Brain Research, 1323, 161\u2013173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.01.067","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"9560_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2017.1306108","volume":"31","author":"L Heine","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heine, L., Tillmann, B., Hauet, M., Juliat, A., Dubois, A., Laureys, S., Kandel, M., Plailly, J., Luaute, J., & Perrin, F. (2017). Effects of preference and sensory modality on behavioural reaction in patients with disorders of consciousness. Brain Injury, 31(10), 1307\u20131311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02699052.2017.1306108","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"1","key":"9560_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46099-7","volume":"9","author":"M Hedblom","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hedblom, M., Gunnarsson, B., Iravani, B., Knez, I., Schaefer, M., Thorsson, P., & Lundstr\u00f6m, J. N. (2019). Reduction of physiological stress by urban green space in a multisensory virtual experiment. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-46099-7","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"12","key":"9560_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.4276\/030802209x12601857794853","volume":"72","author":"S Helliwell","year":"2009","unstructured":"Helliwell, S. (2009). Does the use of a sensory re-education programme improve the somatosensory and motor function of the upper limb in subacute stroke? A single case experimental design. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 72(12), 551\u2013558. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4276\/030802209x12601857794853","journal-title":"British Journal of Occupational Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"9560_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.03.027","volume":"140","author":"NM Jadavji","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jadavji, N. M., Kolb, B., & Metz, G. A. (2006). Enriched environment improves motor function in intact and unilateral dopamine-depleted rats. Neuroscience, 140(4), 1127\u20131138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.03.027","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"9560_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2013.788218","volume":"36","author":"H Janssen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Janssen, H., Ada, L., Bernhardt, J., McElduff, P., Pollack, M., Nilsson, M., & Spratt, N. J. (2014). An enriched environment increases activity in stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation in a mixed rehabilitation unit: a pilot non-randomized controlled trial. Disability and Rehabilitation, 36(3), 255\u2013262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/09638288.2013.788218","journal-title":"Disability and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"6","key":"9560_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.3109\/02699059309008176","volume":"7","author":"DA Johnson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Johnson, D. A., Roethig-Johnston, K., & Richards, D. (1993). Biochemical and physiological parameters of recovery in acute severe head injury: Responses to multisensory stimulation. Brain Injury, 7(6), 491\u2013499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02699059309008176","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"key":"9560_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaewsriwong, S., Sukonthasarn, A., Wangsrikhun, S., & Chanprasit, C. (2015). Sensory stimulation process and cognitive function among persons with traumatic brain injury: a case study. Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research, 19(1), 45\u201357. Available from: https:\/\/he02.tci-thaijo.org\/index.php\/PRIJNR\/article\/view\/1898","DOI":"10.31524\/bkkmedj.2023.22.001"},{"key":"9560_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2005.05.007","volume":"27","author":"H Kaplan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kaplan, H., Clopton, M., Kaplan, M., Messbauer, L., & McPherson, K. (2006). Snoezelen multi-sensory environments: Task engagement and generalization. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 27, 443\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2005.05.007","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"issue":"4","key":"9560_CR40","first-page":"1","volume":"30","author":"M Kaplan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kaplan, M., Clopton, M., Khazanova, O., & Kitaichik, T. (2007). The effects of snoezelen use in adult developmental delay. Developmental Disabilities Special Interest Section Quarterly \/ American Occupational Therapy Association, 30(4), 1.","journal-title":"Developmental Disabilities Special Interest Section Quarterly \/ American Occupational Therapy Association"},{"issue":"10","key":"9560_CR41","first-page":"856","volume":"43","author":"D Karma","year":"2006","unstructured":"Karma, D., & Rawat, A. K. (2006). Effect of stimulation in coma. Indian Pediatrics, 43(10), 856\u2013860.","journal-title":"Indian Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"9560_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1177\/019394598901100103","volume":"11","author":"KM Kater","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kater, K. M. (1989). Response of head-injured patients to sensory stimulation. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 11(1), 20\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/019394598901100103","journal-title":"Western Journal of Nursing Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"9560_CR43","first-page":"159","volume":"22","author":"I Keller","year":"2007","unstructured":"Keller, I., H\u00fclsdunk, A., & M\u00fcller, F. (2007). The influence of acoustic and tactile stimulation on vegetative parameters and EEG in persistent vegetative state. Functional Neurology, 22(3), 159\u2013163.","journal-title":"Functional Neurology"},{"key":"9560_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00305","volume":"10","author":"M Kuo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kuo, M., Barnes, M., & Jordan, C. (2019). Do experiences with nature promote learning? Converging evidence of a cause-and-effect relationship. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 305\u2013305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00305","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"9560_CR45","unstructured":"Law, M., Stewart, D., Letts, L., Pollock, N., Bosch, J., & Westmorland, M. (1998). Guidelines for critical review of qualitative studies.\u00a0McMaster University Occupational Therapy Evidence-Based Practice Research Group, 1\u20139."},{"issue":"9","key":"9560_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04410-9","volume":"41","author":"J Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li, J., Cheng, Q., Liu, F. K., Huang, Z., & Feng, S. S. (2020). Sensory stimulation to improve arousal in comatose patients after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review of the literature. Neurological Sciences, 41(9), 2367\u20132376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-020-04410-9","journal-title":"Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"9","key":"9560_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.06.010","volume":"88","author":"EA Lynch","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lynch, E. A., Hillier, S. L., Stiller, K., Campanella, R. R., & Fisher, P. H. (2007). Sensory retraining of the lower limb after acute stroke: a randomized controlled pilot trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 88(9), 1101\u20131107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.06.010","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"9","key":"9560_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2406","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04070.x","volume":"21","author":"M Maegele","year":"2005","unstructured":"Maegele, M., Lippert-Gruener, M., Ester-Bode, T., Garbe, J., Bouillon, B., Neugebauer, E., Klug, N., Lefering, R., Neiss, W. F., & Angelov, D. N. (2005). Multimodal early onset stimulation combined with enriched environment is associated with reduced CNS lesion volume and enhanced reversal of neuromotor dysfunction after traumatic brain injury in rats. The European Journal of Neuroscience, 21(9), 2406\u20132418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04070.x","journal-title":"The European Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"9560_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10001-1114","volume":"3","author":"PK Mandeep","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mandeep, P. K. (2012). Effectiveness of early intervention of coma arousal therapy in traumatic head injury patients. International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery, 3(3), 137\u2013142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5005\/jp-journals-10001-1114","journal-title":"International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery"},{"key":"9560_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2018.00135","volume":"12","author":"MW McDonald","year":"2018","unstructured":"McDonald, M. W., Hayward, K. S., Rosbergen, I. C. M., Jeffers, M. S., & Corbett, D. (2018). Is environmental enrichment ready for clinical application in human post-stroke rehabilitation? Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 12, 135\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnbeh.2018.00135","journal-title":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"9560_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2006.04.001","volume":"28","author":"SA McKee","year":"2007","unstructured":"McKee, S. A., Harris, G. T., Rice, M. E., & Silk, L. (2007). Effects of a snoezelen room on the behavior of three autistic clients. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 28(3), 304\u2013316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2006.04.001","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"issue":"5","key":"9560_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2013.767937","volume":"27","author":"M Megha","year":"2013","unstructured":"Megha, M., Harpreet, S., & Nayeem, Z. (2013). Effect of frequency of multimodal coma stimulation on the consciousness levels of traumatic brain injury comatose patients. Brain Injury, 27(5), 570\u2013577. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02699052.2013.767937","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"4","key":"9560_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.21481","volume":"39","author":"P Mesa-Gresa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mesa-Gresa, P., P\u00e9rez-Martinez, A., & Redolat, R. (2013). Environmental enrichment improves novel object recognition and enhances agonistic behavior in male mice: Environmental enrichment. Aggressive Behavior, 39(4), 269\u2013279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ab.21481","journal-title":"Aggressive Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"9560_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.3109\/02699059009026177","volume":"4","author":"S Mitchell","year":"1990","unstructured":"Mitchell, S., Bradley, V. A., Welch, J. L., & Britton, P. G. (1990). Coma arousal procedure: a therapeutic intervention in the treatment of head injury. Brain Injury, 4(3), 273\u2013279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02699059009026177","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"4","key":"9560_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/traumamon.23531","volume":"21","author":"M Moattari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moattari, M., Alizadeh Shirazi, F., Sharifi, N., & Zareh, N. (2016). Effects of a sensory stimulation by nurses and families on level of cognitive function, and basic cognitive sensory recovery of comatose patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a randomized control trial. Trauma Monthly, 21(4), e23531. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5812\/traumamon.23531","journal-title":"Trauma Monthly"},{"issue":"9","key":"9560_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/89.9.873","volume":"89","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., PRISMA Group. (2009). Reprint\u2014Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Physical Therapy, 89(9), 873\u2013880. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ptj\/89.9.873","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"issue":"9","key":"9560_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1970","volume":"7","author":"J Nithianantharajah","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nithianantharajah, J., & Hannan, A. J. (2006). Enriched environments, experience-dependent plasticity and disorders of the nervous system. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 7(9), 697\u2013709. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn1970","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"issue":"5","key":"9560_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050310001645810","volume":"18","author":"R Noda","year":"2004","unstructured":"Noda, R., Maeda, Y., & Yoshino, A. (2004). Therapeutic time window for musicokinetic therapy in a persistent vegetative state after severe brain damage. Brain Injury, 18(5), 509\u2013515. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02699050310001645810","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"key":"9560_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Norwood, M. F., Lakhani, A., Maujean, A., Zeeman, H., Creux, O., & Kendall, E. (2019). Brain activity, underlying mood and the environment: A systematic review. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 65, 101321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvp.2019.101321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2019.101321"},{"issue":"3","key":"9560_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2702.2003.00750.x","volume":"12","author":"H Oh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Oh, H., & Seo, W. (2003). Sensory stimulation programme to improve recovery in comatose patients: Sensory stimulation and recovery from coma. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 12(3), 394\u2013404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2702.2003.00750.x","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Nursing"},{"key":"9560_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Padilla, R., & Domina, A. (2016). Effectiveness of sensory stimulation to improve arousal and alertness of people in a coma or persistent vegetative state after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review.\u00a0The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 70(3), 7003180030p1\u20137003180030p8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5014\/ajot.2016.021022","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2016.021022"},{"issue":"6","key":"9560_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000747","volume":"32","author":"L Padua","year":"2019","unstructured":"Padua, L., Cuccagna, C., & Pazzaglia, C. (2019). Novel sensory paradigms for neuromodulation in disorders of consciousness in traumatic brain injury. Current Opinion in Neurology, 32(6), 844\u2013849. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000747","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"9560_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.12448","volume":"22","author":"S Park","year":"2016","unstructured":"Park, S. (2016). Effectiveness of direct and non-direct auditory stimulation on coma arousal after traumatic brain injury. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 22(4), 391\u2013396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijn.12448","journal-title":"International Journal of Nursing Practice"},{"issue":"5","key":"9560_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3590","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00433.2005","volume":"94","author":"CR Percaccio","year":"2005","unstructured":"Percaccio, C. R., Engineer, N. D., Pruette, A. L., Pandya, P. K., Moucha, R., Rathbun, D. L., & Kilgard, M. P. (2005). Environmental enrichment increases paired-pulse depression in rat auditory cortex. Journal of Neurophysiology, 94(5), 3590\u20133600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00433.2005","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"9560_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.07.062","volume":"1174","author":"CR Percaccio","year":"2007","unstructured":"Percaccio, C. R., Pruette, A. L., Mistry, S. T., Chen, Y. H., & Kilgard, M. P. (2007). Sensory experience determines enrichment-induced plasticity in rat auditory cortex. Brain Research, 1174(1), 76\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.07.062","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"9560_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.3109\/02699059009026165","volume":"4","author":"JP Pierce","year":"1990","unstructured":"Pierce, J. P., Lyle, D. M., Quine, S., Evans, N. J., Morris, J., & Fearnside, M. R. (1990). The effectiveness of coma arousal intervention. Brain Injury, 4(2), 191\u2013197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02699059009026165","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"key":"9560_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pinto, J. O., Dores, A. R., Peixoto, B., Geraldo, A., & Barbosa, F. (2020). Systematic review of sensory stimulation programs in the rehabilitation of acquired brain injury.\u00a0European Psychologist. Advance online publication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1027\/1016-9040\/a000421","DOI":"10.1027\/1016-9040\/a000421"},{"issue":"3","key":"9560_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2012.06.001","volume":"35","author":"J Poza","year":"2013","unstructured":"Poza, J., Gomez, C., Gutierrez, M. T., Mendoza, N., & Hornero, R. (2013). Effects of a multi-sensory environment on brain-injured patients: Assessment of spectral patterns. Medical Engineering and Physics, 35(3), 365\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medengphy.2012.06.001","journal-title":"Medical Engineering and Physics"},{"issue":"2","key":"9560_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.3109\/02699058909004545","volume":"3","author":"MA Rader","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rader, M. A., Alston, J. B., & Ellis, D. W. (1989). Sensory stimulation of severely brain-injured patients. Brain Injury, 3(2), 141\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02699058909004545","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"6","key":"9560_CR70","first-page":"257","volume":"16","author":"FD Rose","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rose, F. D. (1988). Environmental enrichment and recovery of function following brain damage in the rat. Medical Science Research, 16(6), 257\u2013263.","journal-title":"Medical Science Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"9560_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(93)90025-L","volume":"56","author":"FD Rose","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rose, F. D., Al-Khamees, K., Davey, M. J., & Attree, E. A. (1993). Environmental enrichment following brain damage: an aid to recovery or compensation? Behavioural Brain Research, 56(1), 93\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0166-4328(93)90025-L","journal-title":"Behavioural Brain Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"9560_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(78)90340-2","volume":"153","author":"MR Rosenzweig","year":"1978","unstructured":"Rosenzweig, M. R., Bennett, E. L., Hebert, M., & Morimoto, H. (1978). Social grouping cannot account for cerebral effects of enriched environments. Brain Research, 153(3), 563\u2013576. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0006-8993(78)90340-2","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"9560_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sargolzaei, K., Fallah, M. S., Aghebati, N., Esmaily, H., & Farzadfard, M. T. (2017). Effect of a structured sensory stimulation program on the sensory function of patients with stroke-induced disorder of consciousness. Evidence Based Care: Quarterly Journal of Mashhad School of Nursing and Midwifery, 7(2), 7\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22038\/ebcj.2017.23807.1505","DOI":"10.22038\/ebcj.2017.23807.1505"},{"issue":"4","key":"9560_CR74","first-page":"357","volume":"26","author":"T Sedghi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sedghi, T., & Ghaljeh, M. (2020). Effect of auditory and tactile stimulation by family members on the level of consciousness in comatose patients: a quasi-experimental study. Hay\u0101t, 26(4), 357\u2013370.","journal-title":"Hay\u0101t"},{"issue":"4","key":"9560_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(00)00241-5","volume":"11","author":"S Shimojo","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shimojo, S., & Shams, L. (2001). Sensory modalities are not separate modalities: Plasticity and interactions. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 11(4), 505\u2013509. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0959-4388(00)00241-5","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"9560_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.04.002","volume":"222","author":"J Simpson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Simpson, J., & Kelly, J. P. (2011). The impact of environmental enrichment in laboratory rats\u2014behavioural and neurochemical aspects. Behavioural Brain Research, 222(1), 246\u2013264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.04.002","journal-title":"Behavioural Brain Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"9560_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.1053\/S0003-9993(03)00277-6","volume":"84","author":"N Smania","year":"2003","unstructured":"Smania, N., Montagnana, B., Faccioli, S., Fiaschi, A., & Aglioti, S. M. (2003). Rehabilitation of somatic sensation and related deficit of motor control in patients with pure sensory stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 84(11), 1692\u20131702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/S0003-9993(03)00277-6","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"6","key":"9560_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2010.1313","volume":"27","author":"CN Sozda","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sozda, C. N., Hoffman, A. N., Olsen, A. S., Cheng, J. P., Zafonte, R. D., & Kline, A. E. (2010). Empirical comparison of typical and atypical environmental enrichment paradigms on functional and histological outcome after experimental traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurotrauma, 27(6), 1047\u20131057. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/neu.2010.1313","journal-title":"Journal of Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"10","key":"9560_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e675","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000388","volume":"52","author":"J Stein","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stein, J., Katz, D. I., Black Schaffer, R. M., Cramer, S. C., Deutsch, A. F., Harvey, R. L., America Heart Association\/American Stroke Association. (2021). Clinical performance measures for stroke rehabilitation: Performance measures from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association. Stroke, 52(10), e675\u2013e700.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"11","key":"9560_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9406(05)60109-5","volume":"88","author":"BC Stillman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Stillman, B. C. (2002). Making sense of proprioception: The meaning of proprioception, kinaesthesia and related terms. Physiotherapy, 88(11), 667\u2013676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0031-9406(05)60109-5","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"8","key":"9560_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2016.1277403","volume":"40","author":"EG Sullivan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sullivan, E. G., Guernon, A., Blabas, B., Herrold, A. A., & Pape, T. L. B. (2018). Familiar auditory sensory training in chronic traumatic brain injury: a case study. Disability and Rehabilitation, 40(8), 945\u2013951. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09638288.2016.1277403","journal-title":"Disability and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"8","key":"9560_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.3109\/02699059409151023","volume":"8","author":"LR Talbot","year":"1994","unstructured":"Talbot, L. R., & Whitaker, H. A. (1994). Brain-injured persons in an altered state of consciousness: Measures and intervention strategies. Brain Injury, 8(8), 689\u2013699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02699059409151023","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"key":"9560_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-9175.157806","volume":"4","author":"H Tavangar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tavangar, H., Shahriary-Kalantary, M., Salimi, T., Jarahzadeh, M., & Sarebanhassanabadi, M. (2015). Effect of family members\u2019 voice on level of consciousness of comatose patients admitted to the intensive care unit: a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Advanced Biomedical Research, 4, 106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2277-9175.157806","journal-title":"Advanced Biomedical Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"9560_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E10","DOI":"10.1097\/JNN.0b013e3181a23e94","volume":"41","author":"P Urbenjaphol","year":"2009","unstructured":"Urbenjaphol, P., Jitpanya, C., & Khaoropthum, S. (2009). Effects of the sensory stimulation program on recovery in unconscious patients with traumatic brain injury. The Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, 41(3), E10\u2013E16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JNN.0b013e3181a23e94","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience Nursing"},{"issue":"8","key":"9560_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.03.006","volume":"117","author":"VJ Wijnen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wijnen, V. J., Heutink, M., van Boxtel, G. J., Eilander, H. J., & de Gelder, B. (2006). Autonomic reactivity to sensory stimulation is related to consciousness level after severe traumatic brain injury. Clinical Neurophysiology, 117(8), 1794\u20131807. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.03.006","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"9560_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.3109\/02699059109008112","volume":"5","author":"SL Wilson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Wilson, S. L., Powell, G. E., Elliott, K., & Thwaites, H. (1991). Sensory stimulation in prolonged coma: Four single case studies. Brain Injury, 5(4), 393\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02699059109008112","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"2","key":"9560_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1080\/09602019308401435","volume":"3","author":"SL Wilson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wilson, S. L., Powell, G. E., Elliot, K., & Thwaites, H. (1993). Evaluation of sensory stimulation as a treatment for prolonged coma\u2014seven single experimental case studies. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 3(2), 191\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09602019308401435","journal-title":"Neuropsychological Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"11","key":"9560_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1080\/026990596123927","volume":"10","author":"SL Wilson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wilson, S. L., Powell, G. E., Brock, D., & Thwaites, H. (1996). Vegetative state and responses to sensory stimulation: an analysis of 24 cases. Brain Injury, 10(11), 807\u2013818. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/026990596123927","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"2","key":"9560_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1080\/09602019308401434","volume":"3","author":"RL Wood","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wood, R. L., Winkowski, T., & Miller, J. (1993). Sensory regulation as a method to promote recovery in patients with altered states of consciousness. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 3(2), 177\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09602019308401434","journal-title":"Neuropsychological Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"3","key":"9560_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1080\/09603123.2015.1109068","volume":"26","author":"J-J Wooller","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wooller, J.-J., Barton, J., Gladwell, V. F., & Micklewright, D. (2015). Occlusion of sight, sound and smell during Green Exercise influences mood, perceived exertion and heart rate. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 26(3), 267\u2013280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09603123.2015.1109068","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Health Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"9560_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.56.3.241","volume":"56","author":"M Yekutiel","year":"1993","unstructured":"Yekutiel, M., & Guttman, E. (1993). A controlled trial of the retraining of the sensory function of the hand in stroke patients. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 56(3), 241\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.56.3.241","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry"},{"key":"9560_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2013.05.005","volume":"118","author":"M Zebunke","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zebunke, M., Puppe, B., & Langbein, J. (2013). Effects of cognitive enrichment on behavioural and physiological reactions of pigs. Physiology & Behavior, 118, 70\u201379.","journal-title":"Physiology & Behavior"},{"key":"9560_CR93","unstructured":"Zeeman, H., Watling, D., Bishara, J., & Lakhani, A. (2016). Multi-sensory stimulation therapy (MSST) for adult head trauma rehabilitation: A systematic review. PROSPERO2016. Available from http:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/display_record.asp?ID=CRD42016048484"},{"key":"9560_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2020.103846","volume":"115","author":"J Zuo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zuo, J., Tao, Y., Liu, M., Feng, L., Yang, Y., & Liao, L. (2021). The effect of family-centered sensory and affective stimulation on comatose patients with traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 115, 103846. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2020.103846","journal-title":"International Journal of Nursing Studies"}],"container-title":["Neuropsychology Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11065-022-09560-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11065-022-09560-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11065-022-09560-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,6]],"date-time":"2024-01-06T03:13:09Z","timestamp":1704510789000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11065-022-09560-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]]},"references-count":94,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["9560"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11065-022-09560-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-7308","1573-6660"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-7308","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6660","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 August 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 July 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 September 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest"}}]}}