{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T10:14:31Z","timestamp":1793873671734,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":151,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RD24\/0005\/0018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RD24\/0005\/0018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI21\/01638"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI21\/01638"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychol Rev"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n While the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a reference instrument for cognitive screening, sociodemographic factors such as age and education can affect its diagnostic accuracy. The aims of this systematic review were to characterize the use of the MoCA in samples from Spain and to analyze its psychometric properties. A systematic search was conducted in the main scientific databases up to February 2025. The evidence was synthesized using a dual strategy: a quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis and meta-regression) for the first aim, and a narrative synthesis of psychometric properties guided by the COSMIN framework for the second. Eighty studies were included: 78 (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20097,457) in the meta-analysis. The mean MoCA score was 22.85, with substantial heterogeneity (\n I<\/jats:italic>\n \u00b2 = 99.3%). Meta-regression explained 62% of this variability, identifying age (\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n = \u22120.19\/year) and education (\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20091.28\/year) as the most significant predictors. Scores were lower in dementia and mild cognitive impairment compared with healthy participants. The narrative synthesis of psychometric properties showed that the MoCA has adequate psychometric properties in the studies conducted in Spain, with good internal consistency (Cronbach\u2019s\n \u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n : 0.76\u20130.90) and criterion-related validity (area under the curve: 0.78\u20130.96). The robustness of the findings was confirmed by sensitivity analyses. In conclusion, the MoCA is a valid and widely used tool in Spain, but its performance is strongly modulated by age and education, supporting the use of adjusted normative data rather than a single universal cut-off.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-026-09703-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T01:09:50Z","timestamp":1782868190000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Use and Psychometric Properties of the MoCA in Spain: a Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8176-6937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Arjol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5584-8047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaime","family":"Unzueta-Arce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2772-6971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Mora-Sim\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2448-1335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehdi","family":"Ferasati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3667-7155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emiliano","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0133-6123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel A.","family":"G\u00f3mez-Marcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6555-8302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Garc\u00eda-Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7544-8684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"Maderuelo-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6571-9556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Lugones-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"9703_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcp.2017.05.003","volume":"47","author":"SG Aguilar-Navarro","year":"2018","unstructured":"*Aguilar-Navarro, S. G., Mimenza-Alvarado, A. J., Palacios-Garc\u00eda, A. A., Samudio-Cruz, A., Guti\u00e9rrez-Guti\u00e9rrez, L. A., & \u00c1vila-Funes, J. A. (2018). Validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for the detection of cognitive impairment in Mexico. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatr\u00eda (English ed.), 47(4), 237\u2013243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcp.2017.05.003","journal-title":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatr\u00eda (English ed.)"},{"issue":"6","key":"9703_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-015-7742-3","volume":"262","author":"C Aguirre-Mardones","year":"2015","unstructured":"*Aguirre-Mardones, C., Iranzo, A., Vilas, D., Serradell, M., Gaig, C., Santamar\u00eda, J., & Tolosa, E. (2015). Prevalence and timeline of nonmotor symptoms in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. Journal of Neurology, 262(6), 1568\u20131578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-015-7742-3","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"9703_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., text rev.). American Psychiatric Association Publishing. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787"},{"issue":"2","key":"9703_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.70287","volume":"15","author":"I Amro","year":"2025","unstructured":"Amro, I., Hamadi, A. M. A., Salem, A. A. E., Chivese, T., Wilkins, S. S., & Khaled, S. M. (2025). Population-based norms for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Arab adults. Brain and Behavior, 15(2), Article e70287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.70287","journal-title":"Brain and Behavior"},{"issue":"2","key":"9703_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-021-00543-3","volume":"16","author":"I Aracil-Bola\u00f1os","year":"2022","unstructured":"*Aracil-Bola\u00f1os, I., Sampedro, F., Mar\u00edn-Lahoz, J., Horta-Barba, A., Mart\u00ednez-Horta, S., G\u00f3nzalez-de-Ech\u00e1varri, J. M., P\u00e9rez-P\u00e9rez, J., Bejr-Kasem, H., Pascual-Sedano, B., Bot\u00ed, M., Campolongo, A., Izquierdo, C., Gironell, A., G\u00f3mez-Ans\u00f3n, B., Kulisevsky, J., & Pagonabarraga, J. (2022). Tipping the scales: How clinical assessment shapes the neural correlates of Parkinson\u2019s disease mild cognitive impairment. Brain Imaging and Behavior, 16(2), 761\u2013772. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11682-021-00543-3","journal-title":"Brain Imaging and Behavior"},{"issue":"7","key":"9703_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010783.pub3","volume":"7","author":"I Arevalo-Rodriguez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Arevalo-Rodriguez, I., Smailagic, N., Roqu\u00e9-Figuls, M., Ciapponi, A., Sanchez-Perez, E., Giannakou, A., Pedraza, O. L., Cosp, X. B., & Cullum, S. (2021). Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the early detection of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 7(7), Article CD010783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD010783.pub3","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"9703_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aromataris, E., Lockwood, C., Porritt, K., Pilla, B., Jordan, Z., & JBI. (2024). JBI manual for evidence synthesis. JBI. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46658\/JBIMES-24-01","DOI":"10.46658\/JBIMES-24-01"},{"key":"9703_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2019.10.014","volume":"131","author":"H Arrieta","year":"2020","unstructured":"*Arrieta, H., Rezola-Pardo, C., Kortajarena, M., Herv\u00e1s, G., Gil, J., Yanguas, J. J., Iturburu, M., Gil, S. M., Irazusta, J., & Rodriguez-Larrad, A. (2020). The impact of physical exercise on cognitive and affective functions and serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in nursing home residents: A randomized controlled trial. Maturitas, 131, 72\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2019.10.014","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"4","key":"9703_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1177\/10998004221100797","volume":"24","author":"H Arrieta","year":"2022","unstructured":"*Arrieta, H., Rezola-Pardo, C., Sanz, B., Virgala, J., Lacunza-Zumeta, M., Rodriguez-Larrad, A., & Irazusta, J. (2022). Improving the identification of frailty in long-term care residents: A cross-sectional study. Biological Research for Nursing, 24(4), 530\u2013540. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10998004221100797","journal-title":"Biological Research for Nursing"},{"issue":"3","key":"9703_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2024.04.004","volume":"138","author":"J Benito-Le\u00f3n","year":"2025","unstructured":"*Benito-Le\u00f3n, J., Lape\u00f1a, J., Garc\u00eda-Vasco, L., Cuevas, C., Viloria-Porto, J., Calvo-C\u00f3rdoba, A., Arrieta-Ortubay, E., Ruiz-Ruig\u00f3mez, M., S\u00e1nchez-S\u00e1nchez, C., & Garc\u00eda-Cena, C. (2025). Exploring cognitive dysfunction in long COVID patients: Eye movement abnormalities and frontal-subcortical circuits implications via eye-tracking and machine learning. The American Journal of Medicine, 138(3), 550\u2013559. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2024.04.004","journal-title":"The American Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"9703_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1230","volume":"8","author":"M Borenstein","year":"2017","unstructured":"Borenstein, M., Higgins, J. P., Hedges, L. V., & Rothstein, H. R. (2017). Basics of meta-analysis: I2 is not an absolute measure of heterogeneity. Research Synthesis Methods, 8(1), 5\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jrsm.1230","journal-title":"Research Synthesis Methods"},{"key":"9703_CR12","first-page":"425","volume":"6","author":"J Botella","year":"2006","unstructured":"Botella, J., & Gambara, H. (2006). Doing and reporting a meta-analysis. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 6, 425\u2013440.","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"9703_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-022-03719-8","volume":"23","author":"F Bra\u00f1as","year":"2023","unstructured":"*Bra\u00f1as, F., Torralba, M., Antela, A., Vergas, J., Ram\u00edrez, M., Ryan, P., Dronda, F., Galindo, M. J., Machuca, I., Bustinduy, M. J., Cabello, A., Montes, M. L., S\u00e1nchez-Conde, M., FUNCFRAIL Study Group. (2023). Effects of frailty, geriatric syndromes, and comorbidity on mortality and quality of life in older adults with HIV. BMC Geriatrics, 23(1), Article Article 4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-022-03719-8","journal-title":"BMC Geriatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"9703_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-05102-1","volume":"24","author":"C Bugallo-Carrera","year":"2024","unstructured":"*Bugallo-Carrera, C., Dosil-D\u00edaz, C., Pereiro, A. X., Anido-Rif\u00f3n, L., & Gandoy-Crego, M. (2024). Factors that indicate performance on the MoCA 7.3 in healthy adults over 50 years old. BMC Geriatrics, 24(1), Article Article 482. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-024-05102-1","journal-title":"BMC Geriatrics"},{"key":"9703_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-5764-DN-2024-0261","volume":"19","author":"L Bulgarelli","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bulgarelli, L., Gyr, E., Villanueva, J., Mej\u00eda, K., Mej\u00eda, C., Paredes, R., & Blumen, S. (2025). Normative data of the Spanish version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in older individuals from Peru. Dementia & Neuropsychologia, 19, Article Article e20240261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1980-5764-DN-2024-0261","journal-title":"Dementia & Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"9703_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz70857_106102","volume":"21","author":"M Calabria","year":"2025","unstructured":"Calabria, M., Sainz-Pardo, M., Hern\u00e1ndez, M., Suades, A., Juncadella, M., Ortiz\u2010Gil, J., Ugas, L., Sala, I., & Lle\u00f3, A. (2025). Bilingualism and naming in MCI and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Insights from Catalan\u2010Spanish speakers. Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia, 21(Suppl 3), Article Article e106102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alz70857_106102","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia"},{"issue":"8","key":"9703_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13082779","volume":"13","author":"L Camacho-Barcia","year":"2021","unstructured":"*Camacho-Barcia, L., Mungu\u00eda, L., Lucas, I., De La Torre, R., Salas-Salvado, J., Pint\u00f3, X., Corella, D., Granero, R., Jim\u00e9nez-Murcia, S., Gonz\u00e1lez-Monje, I., Esteve-Luque, V., Cuenca-Royo, A., G\u00f3mez-Mart\u00ednez, C., Paz-Graniel, I., Forcano, L., & Fern\u00e1ndez-Aranda, F. (2021). Metabolic, affective and neurocognitive characterization of metabolic syndrome patients with and without food addiction. Implications for weight progression. Nutrients, 13(8), Article Article 2779. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13082779","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"9703_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.09.015","volume":"133","author":"J Caro-Cod\u00f3n","year":"2018","unstructured":"*Caro-Cod\u00f3n, J., Rey, J. R., Lopez-de-Sa, E., Fern\u00e1ndez, \u00d3. G., Rosillo, S. O., Armada, E., Iniesta, \u00c1. M., De Bobadilla, J. F., Cantador, J. R., Sotelo, L. R., Irazusta, F. J., Bast\u00f3n, V. R., Colunga, P. M., & L\u00f3pez-Send\u00f3n, J. L. (2018). Long-term neurological outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients treated with targeted-temperature management. Resuscitation, 133, 33\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.09.015","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"issue":"2","key":"9703_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4756","volume":"33","author":"N Carson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Carson, N., Leach, L., & Murphy, K. J. (2018). A re-examination of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) cutoff scores. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 33(2), 379\u2013388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/gps.4756","journal-title":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"9703_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1080\/23279095.2021.2011727","volume":"31","author":"MB Castelli","year":"2024","unstructured":"*Castelli, M. B., Alonso-Recio, L., Carvajal, F., & Serrano, J. M. (2024). Does the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) identify cognitive impairment profiles in Parkinson\u2019s disease? An exploratory study. Applied Neuropsychology. Adult., 31(3), 238\u2013247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23279095.2021.2011727","journal-title":"Applied Neuropsychology. Adult."},{"issue":"8","key":"9703_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1097\/JCMA.0000000000001265","volume":"88","author":"YH Cheng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cheng, Y. H., Lee, S. C., Chen, Y. C., Chen, J. H., Yu, R. L., Lee, W. J., Hsu, J. L., Chen, C. S., & Fuh, J. L. (2025). Normative study of the Taiwanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in community-dwelling individuals in Taiwan. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, 88(8), 617\u2013623. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JCMA.0000000000001265","journal-title":"Journal of the Chinese Medical Association"},{"issue":"10","key":"9703_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.070797","volume":"178","author":"H Chertkow","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chertkow, H., Massoud, F., Nasreddine, Z., Belleville, S., Joanette, Y., Bocti, C., Drolet, V., Kirk, J., Freedman, M., & Bergman, H. (2008). Diagnosis and treatment of dementia: 3. Mild cognitive impairment and cognitive impairment without dementia. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 178(10), 1273\u20131285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1503\/cmaj.070797","journal-title":"Canadian Medical Association Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"9703_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.12740\/PP\/45368","volume":"50","author":"N Ciesielska","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ciesielska, N., Soko\u0142owski, R., Mazur, E., Podhorecka, M., Polak-Szabela, A., & K\u0119dziora-Kornatowska, K. (2016). Is the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test better suited than the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) detection among people aged over 60? Meta-analysis. Psychiatria Polska, 50(5), 1039\u20131052. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12740\/PP\/45368","journal-title":"Psychiatria Polska"},{"issue":"12","key":"9703_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8122181","volume":"8","author":"A Ciudin","year":"2019","unstructured":"*Ciudin, A., Ortiz-Zu\u00f1iga, A. M., Fidilio, E., Romero, D., S\u00e1nchez, M., Comas, M., Gonzalez, O., Vilallonga, R., Sim\u00f3-Servat, O., Hern\u00e1ndez, C., & Sim\u00f3, R. (2019). Retinal microperimetry: A useful tool for detecting insulin resistance-related cognitive impairment in morbid obesity. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(12), Article Article 2181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm8122181","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"9703_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/001316446002000104","volume":"20","author":"J Cohen","year":"1960","unstructured":"Cohen, J. (1960). A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 20(1), 37\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/001316446002000104","journal-title":"Educational and Psychological Measurement"},{"issue":"1","key":"9703_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-020-0581-1","volume":"12","author":"V Costumero","year":"2020","unstructured":"Costumero, V., Marin-Marin, L., Calabria, M., Belloch, V., Escudero, J., Baquero, M., Hernandez, M., Ruiz de Miras, J., Costa, A., Parcet, M. A., & \u00c1vila, C. (2020). A cross-sectional and longitudinal study on the protective effect of bilingualism against dementia using brain atrophy and cognitive measures. Alzheimer\u2019s Research & Therapy, 12(1), Article Article 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13195-020-0581-1","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Research & Therapy"},{"key":"9703_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011145.pub2","volume":"1","author":"ST Creavin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Creavin, S. T., Wisniewski, S., Noel-Storr, A. H., Trevelyan, C. M., Hampton, T., Rayment, D., Thom, V. M., Nash, K. J. E., Elhamoui, H., Milligan, R., Patel, A. S., Tsivos, D. V., Wing, T., Phillips, E., Kellman, S. M., Shackleton, H. L., Singleton, G. F., Neale, B. E., Watton, M. E., & Cullum, S. (2016). Mini\u2010mental state examination (MMSE) for the detection of dementia in clinically unevaluated people aged 65 and over in community and primary care populations. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 1, Article CD011145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD011145.pub2","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"3","key":"9703_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrleng.2016.05.012","volume":"33","author":"JA Crespo-Burillo","year":"2018","unstructured":"*Crespo-Burillo, J. A., Rivero-Celada, D., Saenz-de Cabezon, A., Casado-Pellejero, J., Alberdi-Vinas, J., & Alarcia-Alejos, R. (2018). Deep brain stimulation for patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease: Effect on caregiver burden. Neurolog\u00eda (English Edition), 33(3), 154\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nrleng.2016.05.012","journal-title":"Neurolog\u00eda (English Edition)"},{"key":"9703_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2020.00270","volume":"12","author":"N Custodio","year":"2020","unstructured":"Custodio, N., Duque, L., Montesinos, R., Alva-Diaz, C., Mellado, M., & Slachevsky, A. (2020). Systematic review of the diagnostic validity of brief cognitive screenings for early dementia detection in Spanish-speaking adults in Latin America. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 12, Article 270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2020.00270","journal-title":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"9703_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1017\/s0317167100014384","volume":"40","author":"E Dagenais","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dagenais, E., Rouleau, I., Demers, M., Jobin, C., Roger, E., Chamelian, L., & Duquette, P. (2013). Value of the MoCA test as a screening instrument in multiple sclerosis. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences \/ Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques, 40(3), 410\u2013415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0317167100014384","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences \/ Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques"},{"issue":"19","key":"9703_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181fc29c9","volume":"75","author":"JC Dalrymple-Alford","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dalrymple-Alford, J. C., MacAskill, M. R., Nakas, C. T., Livingston, L., Graham, C., Crucian, G. P., Melzer, T., Kirwan, J., Keenan, R., Wells, S., Porter, R., Watts, R., & Anderson, T. (2010). The MoCA: Well-suited screen for cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease. Neurology, 75(19), 1717\u20131725. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181fc29c9","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"9703_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1159\/000323867","volume":"31","author":"AM Damian","year":"2011","unstructured":"Damian, A. M., Jacobson, S. A., Hentz, J. G., Belden, C. M., Shill, H. A., Sabbagh, M. N., Caviness, J. N., & Adler, C. H. (2011). The Montreal cognitive assessment and the Mini-mental state examination as screening instruments for cognitive impairment: Item analyses and threshold scores. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 31(2), 126\u2013131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000323867","journal-title":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders"},{"issue":"02","key":"9703_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.6102.2014481","volume":"61","author":"R Del Pino","year":"2015","unstructured":"Del Pino, R., Lasa, J. P., Schretlen, D. J., Bilbao, N. I., & del Pozo, N. O. (2015). Multisite study for norming and standardizing neuropsychological instruments in healthy people for Spanish population: Methods and characteristics of Normacog project. Revista de Neurolog\u00eda, 61(02), 57\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33588\/rn.6102.2014481","journal-title":"Revista de Neurolog\u00eda"},{"issue":"6","key":"9703_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrl.2017.01.013","volume":"34","author":"C Delgado","year":"2019","unstructured":"Delgado, C., Araneda, A., & Behrens, M. I. (2019). Validation of the Spanish-language version of the Montreal cognitive assessment test in adults older than 60 years. Neurolog\u00eda (English Edition), 34(6), 376\u2013385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nrl.2017.01.013","journal-title":"Neurolog\u00eda (English Edition)"},{"key":"9703_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2011","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-023-00779-5","volume":"45","author":"AH Delgado-Lima","year":"2023","unstructured":"*Delgado-Lima, A. H., Bouhaben, J., Mart\u00ednez-Zujeros, S., Pallardo-Rodil, B., G\u00f3mez-Pav\u00f3n, J., & Delgado-Losada, M. L. (2023). Could olfactory identification be a prognostic factor in detecting cognitive impairment risk in the elderly? GeroScience, 45, 2011\u20132025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11357-023-00779-5","journal-title":"GeroScience"},{"issue":"7109","key":"9703_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","volume":"315","author":"M Egger","year":"1997","unstructured":"Egger, M., Smith, G. D., Schneider, M., & Minder, C. (1997). Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 315(7109), 629\u2013634. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"},{"issue":"1","key":"9703_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024445","volume":"17","author":"CJ Ferguson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ferguson, C. J., & Brannick, M. T. (2012). Publication bias in psychological science: Prevalence, methods for identifying and controlling, and implications for the use of meta-analyses. Psychological Methods, 17(1), 120\u2013128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0024445","journal-title":"Psychological Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"9703_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431X20198041","volume":"52","author":"C Fernandez-Baizan","year":"2019","unstructured":"*Fernandez-Baizan, C., Diaz-Caceres, E., Arias, J. L., & Mendez, M. (2019). Egocentric and allocentric spatial memory in healthy aging: Performance on real-world tasks. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 52(4), Article e8041. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1414-431X20198041","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research"},{"key":"9703_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-024-06897-6","volume":"242","author":"H Fern\u00e1ndez-Lago","year":"2024","unstructured":"*Fern\u00e1ndez-Lago, H., Bosch-Barcel\u00f3, P., S\u00e1nchez-Molina, J. A., Ambrus, M., Rio, D., & Fern\u00e1ndez-Del-Olmo, M. \u00c1. (2024). Cognitive reserve and executive functions in dual task gait performance in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Experimental Brain Research, 242, 2271\u20132278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00221-024-06897-6","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"9703_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108127","volume":"122","author":"E Fonseca","year":"2021","unstructured":"*Fonseca, E., Blanco, D. M. C., Vilanova, M. D. C., Garamendi, \u00cd., G\u00f3mez-Eguilaz, M., D\u00edaz, H. P., Poza, J. J., Querol-Pascual, M. R., Quiroga-Subirana, P., Rodr\u00edguez-Osorio, X., Santamar\u00eda, J. Z., Centeno, M., De Cerio Juli\u00e1n, L. D., Est\u00e9vez-Mar\u00eda, J. C., Agredano, P. M., Llerda, J. \u00c1. M., Sala-Padr\u00f3, J., Falip, M., Abraira, L., \u2026 Toledo, M. (2021). Relationship between sleep quality and cognitive performance in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior, 122, Article 108127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108127","journal-title":"Epilepsy & Behavior"},{"issue":"2","key":"9703_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.21134\/haaj.v17i2.312","volume":"17","author":"V Garc\u00eda","year":"2017","unstructured":"*Garc\u00eda, V., Luque, B., Santos, M., & Tabernero, M. C. (2017). La autorregulaci\u00f3n emocional en la depresi\u00f3n y el deterioro cognitivo de consumidores de sustancias psicoactivas [Emotional self-regulation in depression and cognitive impairment among users of psychoactive substances]. Health and Addictions \/ Salud y Drogas, 17(2), 125\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21134\/haaj.v17i2.312","journal-title":"Health and Addictions \/ Salud y Drogas"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"9703_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1159\/000530907","volume":"22","author":"J Garcia Castro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Garcia Castro, J., M\u00e9ndez del Sol, H., Rodr\u00edguez Fraga, O., Hern\u00e1ndez Barral, M., Serrano L\u00f3pez, S., Frank Garc\u00eda, A., & Mart\u00edn Montes, A. (2022). CSF a\u03b240 levels do not correlate with the clinical manifestations of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurodegenerative Diseases, 22(3\u20134), 151\u2013158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000530907","journal-title":"Neurodegenerative Diseases"},{"issue":"8","key":"9703_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0308800","volume":"19","author":"P Garc\u00eda-P\u00e9rez","year":"2024","unstructured":"*Garc\u00eda-P\u00e9rez, P., Rodr\u00edguez-Mart\u00ednez, M. C., Gallardo-Tur, A., Blanco-Reina, E., de la Cruz-Cosme, C., & Lara, J. P. (2024). Early occupational therapy intervention post-stroke (EOTIPS): A randomized controlled trial. PloS One, 19(8), Article e0308800. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0308800","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"9703_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2019.10.054","volume":"216","author":"GJ Gil-Berrozpe","year":"2020","unstructured":"*Gil-Berrozpe, G. J., S\u00e1nchez-Torres, A. M., Garc\u00eda de Jal\u00f3n, E., Moreno-Izco, L., Fa\u00f1an\u00e1s, L., Peralta, V., Cuesta, M. J., SEGPEPs group. (2020). Utility of the MoCA for cognitive impairment screening in long-term psychosis patients. Schizophrenia Research, 216, 429\u2013434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2019.10.054","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Research"},{"key":"9703_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Gomez-Moreno, S. M., Cuadrado, M. L., Cruz-Ordu\u00f1a, I., Mart\u00ednez-Acebes, E. M., Gordo-Ma\u00f1as, R., Fern\u00e1ndez-P\u00e9rez, C., & Garc\u00eda-Ramos, R. (2022). Validation of the Spanish-language version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment as a screening test for cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. Neurolog\u00eda (English Edition), 37(9), 726\u2013734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nrleng.2019.11.007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrleng.2019.11.007"},{"key":"9703_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Gonz\u00e1lez, E., Requena, C., & \u00c1lvarez-Merino, P. (2020). Single time-point study of the home environment and functionality of older adults in Spain. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(22), Article 8317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17228317","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17228317"},{"key":"9703_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Gonz\u00e1lez-Su\u00e1rez, I., Arpa, J., & R\u00edos-Blanco, J. J. (2016). Brain microvasculature involvement in ANCA positive vasculitis. Cerebrovascular Diseases, 41(5\u20136), 313\u2013321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000443750","DOI":"10.1159\/000443750"},{"key":"9703_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Guasp, M., Rosa-Justicia, M., Mu\u00f1oz-Lopetegi, A., Mart\u00ednez-Hern\u00e1ndez, E., Armangu\u00e9, T., Sugranyes, G., Stein, H., Borr\u00e0s, R., Prades, L., Ari\u00f1o, H., Planagum\u00e0, J., De-La-Serna, E., Escudero, D., Llufriu, S., S\u00e1nchez-Valle, R., Santamaria, J., Compte, A., Castro-Fornieles, J., Dalmau, J.,. . Caballero, E. (2022). Clinical characterisation of patients in the post-acute stage of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: A prospective cohort study and comparison with patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The Lancet Neurology, 21(10), 899\u2013910. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00299-X","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00299-X"},{"key":"9703_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Kunz, R., Woodcock, J., Brozek, J., Helfand, M., Alonso-Coello, P., Glasziou, P., Jaeschke, R., Akl, E. A., Norris, S., Vist, G., Dahm, P., Shukla, V. K., Higgins, J., Falck-Ytter, Y., Sch\u00fcnemann, H. J., & The GRADE Working Group. (2011). GRADE guidelines: 7. Rating the quality of evidence\u2014inconsistency. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 64(12), 1294\u20131302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.03.017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.03.017"},{"key":"9703_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hawkins, M. A., Gathright, E. C., Gunstad, J., Dolansky, M. A., Redle, J. D., Josephson, R., Moore, S. M., & Hughes, J. W. (2014). The MoCA and MMSE as screeners for cognitive impairment in a heart failure population: A study with comprehensive neuropsychological testing. Heart & Lung, 43(5), 462\u2013468. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2014.05.011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2014.05.011"},{"key":"9703_CR51","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions (version 6.5)","year":"2023","unstructured":"Higgins, J. P. T., Thomas, J., Chandler, J., Cumpston, M., Li, T., Page, M. J., & Welch, V. A. (Eds.). (2023). Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions (version 6.5). Cochrane."},{"key":"9703_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Higgins, J. P., Thompson, S. G., Deeks, J. J., & Altman, D. G. (2003). Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ, 327, 557\u2013560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557"},{"key":"9703_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hoops, S., Nazem, S., Siderowf, A. D., Duda, J. E., Xie, S. X., Stern, M. B., & Weintraub, D. (2009). Validity of the MoCA and MMSE in the detection of MCI and dementia in Parkinson disease. Neurology, 73(21), 1738\u20131745. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181c34b47","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181c34b47"},{"key":"9703_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-25","volume":"14","author":"J IntHout","year":"2014","unstructured":"IntHout, J., Ioannidis, J., & Borm, G. F. (2014). The Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman method for random effects meta-analysis is straightforward and considerably outperforms the standard DerSimonian-Laird method. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 14, Article Article 25. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2288-14-25","journal-title":"BMC Medical Research Methodology"},{"issue":"7","key":"9703_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3235","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13040","volume":"19","author":"N Islam","year":"2023","unstructured":"Islam, N., Hashem, R., Gad, M., Brown, A., Levis, B., Renoux, C., Thombs, B. D., & McInnes, M. D. (2023). Accuracy of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment tool for detecting mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia, 19(7), 3235\u20133243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alz.13040","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia"},{"issue":"1","key":"9703_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2025.050723","volume":"79","author":"M Jim\u00e9nez-Barrios","year":"2025","unstructured":"*Jim\u00e9nez-Barrios, M., Gonz\u00e1lez-Bernal, J., Santamar\u00eda-Pel\u00e1ez, M., Collazo-Riobo, C., Cubo, E., Gabriel-Gal\u00e1n, J. M. T., Matthews, M. J. A., & Gonz\u00e1lez-Santos, J. (2025). Impact of a dynamic orthosis on manual dexterity among people with Parkinson\u2019s disease: A randomized trial. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 79(1), Article Article 7901205110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5014\/ajot.2025.050723","journal-title":"The American Journal of Occupational Therapy"},{"key":"9703_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Julayanont, P., & Nasreddine, Z. (2017). Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA): Concept and clinical review. In A. J. Larner (Ed.), Cognitive screening instruments: A practical approach (2nd ed., pp. 139\u2013196). Springer. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-44775-9","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-44775-9"},{"key":"9703_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-025-02946-4","volume":"37","author":"M Kistler-Fischbacher","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kistler-Fischbacher, M., Gohar, G., de Godoi Rezende Costa Molino, C., Geiling, K., Meyer-Heim, T., Kressig, R. W., Orav, E. J., Vellas, B., Guyonnet, S., da Silva, J. A. P., Rizzoli, R., Armbrecht, G., Steinhagen-Thiessen, E., Egli, A., & Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A. (2025). Cognitive function in generally healthy adults age 70 years and older in the 5-country DO-HEALTH study: MMSE and MoCA scores by sex, education and country. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 37, Article Article 88. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40520-025-02946-4","journal-title":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"key":"9703_CR59","unstructured":"*Klajevic, V., Fratini, V., Etxaniz, A., Urdaneta, E., & Yanguas, J. (2013). Comprehension cueing strategies in elderly: A window into cognitive decline? Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 35, 2746\u20132751."},{"issue":"7","key":"9703_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1017\/S135561772100103X","volume":"28","author":"KY Ko","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ko, K. Y., Ridley, N., Bryce, S. D., Allott, K., Smith, A., & Kamminga, J. (2022). Screening tools for cognitive impairment in adults with substance use disorders: A systematic review. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 28(7), 756\u2013779. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S135561772100103X","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"9703_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","volume":"15","author":"TK Koo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Koo, T. K., & Li, M. Y. (2016). A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 15(2), 155\u2013163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","journal-title":"Journal of Chiropractic Medicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"9703_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app14125073","volume":"14","author":"N Lago-Prieto","year":"2024","unstructured":"*Lago-Prieto, N., Otero-Gonz\u00e1lez, I., Pacheco-Lorenzo, M., Fern\u00e1ndez-Iglesias, M. J., Dosil-D\u00edaz, C., Bugallo-Carrera, C., Gandoy-Crego, M., & Anido-Rif\u00f3n, L. (2024). Comparative analysis of MoCA and DigiMoCA test results: A pilot study. Applied Sciences, 14(12), Article Article 5073. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app14125073","journal-title":"Applied Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"9703_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","volume":"33","author":"JR Landis","year":"1977","unstructured":"Landis, J. R., & Koch, G. G. (1977). The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics, 33(1), 159\u2013174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2529310","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"9703_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1159\/000508245","volume":"66","author":"P\u00c1 Latorre Rom\u00e1n","year":"2020","unstructured":"*Latorre Rom\u00e1n, P. \u00c1., Mu\u00f1oz Jim\u00e9nez, M., Salas S\u00e1nchez, J., Consuegra Gonz\u00e1lez, P., Moreno del Castillo, R., Herrador S\u00e1nchez, J. A., L\u00f3pez Ivanco, M., Linares Jim\u00e9nez, C., Navas Morales, J. F., & P\u00e1rraga Montilla, J. A. (2020). Complex gait is related to cognitive functioning in older people: A cross-sectional study providing an innovative test. Gerontology, 66(4), 401\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000508245","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"9703_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2024.115127","volume":"471","author":"T Llana","year":"2024","unstructured":"*Llana, T., Garces-Arilla, S., Juan, M. C., Mendez-Lopez, M., & Mendez, M. (2024). An immersive virtual reality-based object-location memory task reveals spatial long-term memory alterations in Long-COVID. Behavioural Brain Research, 471, Article Article 115127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbr.2024.115127","journal-title":"Behavioural Brain Research"},{"key":"9703_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.1082811","volume":"16","author":"T Llana","year":"2022","unstructured":"*Llana, T., Mendez, M., Zorzo, C., Fidalgo, C., Juan, M. C., & Mendez-Lopez, M. (2022). Anosmia in COVID-19 could be associated with long-term deficits in the consolidation of procedural and verbal declarative memories. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 16, Article Article 1082811. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2022.1082811","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroscience"},{"issue":"5","key":"9703_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.3305\/nh.2014.30.5.7762","volume":"30","author":"I L\u00f3pez Torres","year":"2014","unstructured":"*L\u00f3pez Torres, I., Torres-S\u00e1nchez, I., Mart\u00edn Salvador, A., Ortiz Rubio, A., Rodr\u00edguez Alzueta, E., & Valenza, M. C. (2014). Deterioro cognitivo, estado nutricional y perfil cl\u00ednico en la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva cr\u00f3nica [Cognitive impairment, nutritional status and clinical profile in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]. Nutrici\u00f3n Hospitalaria, 30(5), 1152\u20131159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3305\/nh.2014.30.5.7762","journal-title":"Nutrici\u00f3n Hospitalaria"},{"issue":"3","key":"9703_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.3109\/15412555.2015.1081883","volume":"13","author":"I L\u00f3pez-Torres","year":"2016","unstructured":"*L\u00f3pez-Torres, I., Valenza, M. C., Torres-S\u00e1nchez, I., Cabrera-Martos, I., Rodriguez-Torres, J., & Moreno-Ram\u00edrez, M. P. (2016). Changes in cognitive status in COPD patients across clinical stages. COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 13(3), 327\u2013332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/15412555.2015.1081883","journal-title":"COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease"},{"issue":"21","key":"9703_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15214505","volume":"15","author":"AM Lorenzo-Mora","year":"2023","unstructured":"*Lorenzo-Mora, A. M., L\u00f3pez-Sobaler, A. M., Bermejo, L. M., Gonz\u00e1lez-Rodr\u00edguez, L. G., Cuadrado-Soto, E., Peral-Su\u00e1rez, \u00c1., Salas-Gonz\u00e1lez, M. D., Delgado-Losada, M. L., Rodr\u00edguez-Rojo, I. C., Barabash, A., Maest\u00fa-Unturbe, F., & Aparicio, A. (2023). Association between mineral intake and cognition evaluated by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): A cross-sectional study. Nutrients, 15(21), Article Article 4505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15214505","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"12","key":"9703_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.6612.2017508","volume":"66","author":"C Loureiro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Loureiro, C., Garcia, C., Adana, L., Yacelga, T., Rodriguez-Lorenzana, A., & Maruta, C. (2018). Use of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in Latin America: A systematic review. Revista de Neurologia, 66(12), 397\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33588\/rn.6612.2017508","journal-title":"Revista de Neurologia"},{"key":"9703_CR71","first-page":"4","volume":"43","author":"M Lozano Gallego","year":"2009","unstructured":"*Lozano Gallego, M., Hern\u00e1ndez-Ferr\u00e1ndiz, M., Turr\u00f3-Garriga, O., Pericot-Nierga, I., L\u00f3pez-Pousa, S., & Vilalta-Franch, J. (2009). Validaci\u00f3n del Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCa): Test de cribado para el deterioro cognitivo leve. Datos preliminares [Validation of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCa): Screening test for mild cognitive impairment. Preliminary data]. Alzheimer. Realidades e Investigaci\u00f3n en Demencia, 43, 4\u201311.","journal-title":"Alzheimer. Realidades e Investigaci\u00f3n en Demencia"},{"key":"9703_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Luque, B., Garc\u00eda, V., & Tabernero, C. (2022). Depression and cognitive impairment in a Spanish sample of psychoactive substance users receiving mental health care. Healthcare, 10(5), Article 887. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare10050887","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10050887"},{"key":"9703_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Madureira, S., Guerreiro, M., & Ferro, J. M. (2001). Dementia and cognitive impairment three months after stroke. European Journal of Neurology, 8(6), 621\u2013627. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2001.00332.x","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2001.00332.x"},{"key":"9703_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Mar\u00edn-Gracia, M., Sanjoaquin Conde, M. I., Crusells Canales, M. J., & Due\u00f1as Gutierrez, C. (2020). Cribado neurocognitivo en una poblaci\u00f3n con virus de inmunodeficiencia adquirida. Revista de Neurolog\u00eda, 71, 237\u2013245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33588\/rn.7107.2020070","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.7107.2020070"},{"key":"9703_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Martin-Lagos, J., Bernal-Robledano, A., Perez-Carpena, P., Lamolda, M., Escalera-Balsera, A., Frejo, L., & Lopez-Escamez, J. A. (2024). Phenotypic spectrum of tinnitus patients bearing rare ANK2 gene variants. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, 281, 4071\u20134080. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-024-08561-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-024-08561-9"},{"key":"9703_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Mateo Rodr\u00edguez, E., Puchades Gimeno, F., Ezzeddine Angulo, A., Asensio Samper, J., Saiz Ruiz, C., & L\u00f3pez Alarc\u00f3n, M. D. (2022). Postintensive care syndrome in COVID-19. Unicentric pilot study. Calm does not come after the storm. Medicina Cl\u00ednica (English Edition), 159(7), 321\u2013326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medcle.2021.11.01 3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medcle.2021.11.01"},{"key":"9703_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Mat\u00edas-Guiu, J. A., Valles-Salgado, M., Rognoni, T., Hamre-Gil, F., Moreno-Ramos, T., & Mat\u00edas-Guiu, J. (2017). Comparative diagnostic accuracy of the ACE-III, MIS, MMSE, MoCA, and RUDAS for screening of Alzheimer disease. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 43(5\u20136), 237\u2013246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000469658","DOI":"10.1159\/000469658"},{"key":"9703_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mattke, S., Batie, D., Chodosh, J., Felten, K., Flaherty, E., Fowler, N. R., Kobylarz, F. A., O\u2019Brien, K., Paulsen, R., Pohnert, A., Possin, K. L., Sadak, T., Ty, D., Walsh, A., & Zissimopoulos, J. M. (2023). Expanding the use of brief cognitive assessments to detect suspected early-stage cognitive impairment in primary care. Alzheimer\u2019s and Dementia, 19(9), 4252\u20134259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alz.13051","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13051"},{"key":"9703_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Mena-V\u00e1zquez, N., Ortiz-M\u00e1rquez, F., Ram\u00edrez-Garc\u00eda, T., Cabezudo-Garc\u00eda, P., Garc\u00eda-Studer, A., Mucientes-Ruiz, A., Lisbona-Monta\u00f1ez, J. M., Borreg\u00f3n-Garrido, P., Ruiz-Lim\u00f3n, P., Redondo-Rodr\u00edguez, R., Manrique-Arija, S., Cano-Garc\u00eda, L., Serrano-Castro, P. J., & Fern\u00e1ndez-Nebro, A. (2024). Impact of inflammation on cognitive function in patients with highly inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis. RMD Open, 10(2), Article e004422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2024-004422","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2024-004422"},{"key":"9703_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Mendoza-Holgado, C., L\u00f3pez Espuela, F., Mor\u00e1n, J. M., Roncero Mart\u00edn, R., Lavado Garc\u00eda, J., Aliaga, I., Puerto-Parejo, L. M., Leal-Hernandez, O., Vera, V., & Pedrera Canal, M. (2020). A pilot test for a one-year cognitive training intervention in elderly adults with mild cognitive impairment. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, 33(10), 796\u2013802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3967\/bes2020.107","DOI":"10.3967\/bes2020.107"},{"key":"9703_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mikkelsen, M. E., Still, M., Anderson, B. J., Bienvenu, O. J., Brodsky, M. B., Brummel, N., Butcher, B., Clay, A. S., Felt, H., Ferrante, L. E., Haines, K. J., Harhay, M. O., Hope, A. A., Hopkins, R. O., Hosey, M., Hough, C. L., Jackson, J. C., Johnson, A., Khan, B., \u2026 Sevin, C. M. (2020). Society of Critical Care Medicine\u2019s International Consensus Conference on prediction and identification of long-term impairments after critical illness. Critical Care Medicine, 48(11), 1670\u20131679. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004586","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004586"},{"key":"9703_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Milani, S. A., Marsiske, M., Cottler, L. B., Chen, X., & Striley, C. W. (2018). Optimal cutoffs for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment vary by race and ethnicity. Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring, 10(1), 773\u2013781. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dadm.2018.09.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2018.09.003"},{"key":"9703_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mokkink, L. B., Boers, M., van der Vleuten, C. P. M., Bouter, L. M., Alonso, J., Patrick, D. L., de Vet, H. C. W., & Terwee, C. B. (2020). COSMIN Risk of Bias tool to assess the quality of studies on reliability or measurement error of outcome measurement instruments: A Delphi study. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 20, Article 293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12874-020-01179-5","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-020-01179-5"},{"key":"9703_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Mueller, S. M., Arias, M. G., Mejuto V\u00e1zquez, G., Schiebener, J., Brand, M., & Wegmann, E. (2019). Decision support in patients with mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 41(5), 484\u2013496. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13803395.2019.1585517","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2019.1585517"},{"key":"9703_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Murga, I., Aranburu, L., Gargiulo, P. A., G\u00f3mez Esteban, J. C., & Lafuente, J. V. (2021). Clinical heterogeneity in ME\/CFS. A way to understand long-COVID19 fatigue. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, Article 735784. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.735784","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.735784"},{"key":"9703_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Murillo-Garcia, A., Leon-Llamas, J. L., Villafaina, S., Rohlfs-Dominguez, P., & Gusi, N. (2021). MoCA vs. MMSE of fibromyalgia patients: The possible role of dual-task tests in detecting cognitive impairment. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(1), Article 125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10010125","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10010125"},{"key":"9703_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Murueta-Goyena, A., Barrenechea, M., Erramuzpe, A., Teijeira-Portas, S., Pengo, M., Ayala, U., Romero-Bascones, D., Acera, M., Del Pino, R., G\u00f3mez-Esteban, J. C., & Gabilondo, I. (2021a). Foveal remodeling of retinal microvasculature in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 15, Article 708700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2021.708700","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.708700"},{"key":"9703_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Murueta-Goyena, A., Del Pino, R., Gald\u00f3s, M., Arana, B., Acera, M., Carmona\u2010Abell\u00e1n, M., Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Valle, T., Tijero, B., Lucas\u2010Jim\u00e9nez, O., Ojeda, N., Ibarretxe\u2010Bilbao, N., Pe\u00f1a, J., Cortes, J., Ayala, U., Barrenechea, M., G\u00f3mez\u2010Esteban, J. C., & Gabilondo, I. (2021b). Retinal thickness predicts the risk of cognitive decline in Parkinson disease. Annals of Neurology, 89(1), 165\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.25944","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25944"},{"key":"9703_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Murueta-Goyena, A., Romero-Bascones, D., Teijeira-Portas, S., Urcola, J. A., Ruiz-Mart\u00ednez, J., Del Pino, R., Acera, M., Petzold, A., Wagner, S. K., Keane, P. A., Ayala, U., Barrenechea, M., Tijero, B., Esteban, J. C. G., & Gabilondo, I. (2024). Association of retinal neurodegeneration with the progression of cognitive decline in Parkinson\u2019s disease. npj Parkinson\u2019s Disease, 10, Article 26. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41531-024-00637-x","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-024-00637-x"},{"key":"9703_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Nanwani-Nanwani, K., L\u00f3pez-P\u00e9rez, L., Gim\u00e9nez-Esparza, C., Ruiz-Barranco, I., Carrillo, E., Arellano, M. S., D\u00edaz-D\u00edaz, D., Hurtado, B., Garc\u00eda-Mu\u00f1oz, A., Relucio, M. \u00c1., Quintana-D\u00edaz, M., \u00darbez, M. R., Saravia, A., Bonan, M. V., Garc\u00eda-R\u00edo, F., Testillano, M. L., Villar, J., De Lorenzo, A. G., & A\u00f1\u00f3n, J. M. (2022). Prevalence of post-intensive care syndrome in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19. Scientific Reports, 12, Article 7977. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-11929-8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-11929-8"},{"key":"9703_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nasreddine, Z. S., Phillips, N. A., B\u00e9dirian, V., Charbonneau, S., Whitehead, V., Collin, I., Cummings, J. L., & Chertkow, H. (2005). The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: A brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53(4), 695\u2013699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x"},{"key":"9703_CR92","unstructured":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2021). Study Quality Assessment Tools. National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health-topics\/study-quality-assessment-tools"},{"key":"9703_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Navarro-Pardo, E., Facal, D., Campos-Magdaleno, M., Pereiro, A. X., & Juncos-Rabad\u00e1n, O. (2020). Prevalence of cognitive frailty, do psychosocial-related factors matter? Brain Sciences, 10(12), Article 968. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci10120968","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10120968"},{"key":"9703_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nichols, E., Steinmetz, J. D., Vollset, S. E., Fukutaki, K., Chalek, J., Abd-Allah, F., Abdoli, A., Abualhasan, A., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Akram, T. T., Al Hamad, H., Alahdab, F., Alanezi, F. M., Alipour, V., Almustanyir, S., Amu, H., Ansari, I., Arabloo, J., Ashraf, T., \u2026 Vos, T. (2022). Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet Public Health, 7(2), e105\u2013e125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2468-2667(21)00249-8","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(21)00249-8"},{"key":"9703_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"O\u2019Caoimh, R., Cadoo, S., Daly, B., & Molloy, D. W. (2025). Comparing short cognitive screening instruments in an outreach memory clinic in primary care. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 22(3), Article 410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph22030410","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph22030410"},{"key":"9703_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"O\u2019Driscoll, C., & Shaikh, M. (2017). Cross-cultural applicability of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): A systematic review. Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, 58(3), 789\u2013801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-161042","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-161042"},{"key":"9703_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Ojeda, N., del Pino, R., Ibarretxe-Bilbao, N., Schretlen, D. J, & Pe\u00f1a, J. (2016). Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test: Normalization and standardization for Spanish population. Revista de Neurolog\u00eda, 63(11), 488\u2013496. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33588\/rn.6311.2016241","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.6311.2016241"},{"key":"9703_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ouzzani, M., Hammady, H., Fedorowicz, Z., & Elmagarmid, A. (2016). Rayyan\u2014a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews, 5, Article 210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4"},{"key":"9703_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hr\u00f3bjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., \u2026 Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, Article n71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"9703_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2022.05.020","volume":"105","author":"J Pagonabarraga","year":"2022","unstructured":"*Pagonabarraga, J., P\u00e9rez-Gonz\u00e1lez, R., Bejr-Kasem, H., Mar\u00edn-Lahoz, J., Horta-Barba, A., Martinez-Horta, S., Aracil-Bola\u00f1os, I., Sampedro, F., Campolongo, A., Rivas, E., Puig-Davi, A., Ruiz-Barrios, I., P\u00e9rez-P\u00e9rez, J., Pascual-Sedano, B., & Kulisevsky, J. (2022). Dissociable contribution of plasma NfL and p-tau181 to cognitive impairment in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, 105, 132\u2013138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2022.05.020","journal-title":"Parkinsonism & Related Disorders"},{"issue":"11","key":"9703_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9111599","volume":"9","author":"AB Parra-D\u00edaz","year":"2021","unstructured":"*Parra-D\u00edaz, A. B., Aibar-Almaz\u00e1n, A., Mart\u00ednez-Amat, A., Jim\u00e9nez-Garc\u00eda, J. D., \u00c1lvarez-Salvago, F., & Hita-Contreras, F. (2021). Associations of sleep quality, anxiety, and depression with cognitive and executive functions among community-dwelling women aged\u202f\u2265\u202f65 years: A cross-sectional study. Healthcare, 9(11), Article 1599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare9111599","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"issue":"22","key":"9703_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15222920","volume":"15","author":"L Parra-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2025","unstructured":"Parra-Rodr\u00edguez, L., Silva-Pereyra, J., S\u00e1nchez-Garc\u00eda, S., Garc\u00eda-Pe\u00f1a, C., Flores-V\u00e1zquez, J. F., & Roa-Rojas, P. (2025). Normative data for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in Mexican adults: A regression-based approach. Diagnostics, 15(22), Article 2920. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics15222920","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"7","key":"9703_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18073428","volume":"18","author":"JA P\u00e1rraga-Montilla","year":"2021","unstructured":"*P\u00e1rraga-Montilla, J. A., Pozuelo-Carrascosa, D. P., Carmona-Torres, J. M., Laredo-Aguilera, J. A., Cobo-Cuenca, A. I., & Latorre-Rom\u00e1n, P. A. (2021). Gait performance as an indicator of cognitive deficit in older people. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), Article 3428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18073428","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"9703_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.5911.2014435","volume":"59","author":"EJ Pedrero-P\u00e9rez","year":"2014","unstructured":"*Pedrero-P\u00e9rez, E. J., Rojo-Mota, G., Ruiz-S\u00e1nchez de Le\u00f3n, J. M., Fern\u00e1ndez-M\u00e9ndez, L. M., Morales-Alonso, S., & Prieto-Hidalgo, A. (2014). Reserva cognitiva en adictos a sustancias en tratamiento: Relaci\u00f3n con el rendimiento cognitivo y las actividades cotidianas [Cognitive reserve in substance abusers undergoing treatment: Relationship with cognitive performance and daily activities]. Revista de Neurolog\u00eda, 59, 481\u2013489. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33588\/rn.5911.2014435","journal-title":"Revista de Neurolog\u00eda"},{"issue":"7","key":"9703_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aprim.2021.102065","volume":"53","author":"AX Pereiro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pereiro, A. X., Campos-Magdaleno, M., Navarro-Pardo, E., Juncos-Rabad\u00e1n, O., & Facal, D. (2021). Normative scores for the Timed Up & Go in a Spanish sample of community-dweller adults with preserved functionality. Atenci\u00f3n Primaria, 53(7), Article 102065. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aprim.2021.102065","journal-title":"Atenci\u00f3n Primaria"},{"issue":"1","key":"9703_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.7334\/psicothema2014.169","volume":"27","author":"AX Pereiro","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pereiro, A. X., Ramos-Lema, S., Juncos-Rabad\u00e1n, O., Facal, D., & Lojo-Seoane, C. (2015). Normative scores of the Cambridge Cognitive Examination-Revised in healthy Spanish population. Psicothema, 27(1), 32\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7334\/psicothema2014.169","journal-title":"Psicothema"},{"issue":"3","key":"9703_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurger.2017.04.003","volume":"8","author":"AX Pereiro","year":"2017","unstructured":"*Pereiro, A. X., Ramos-Lema, S., Lojo-Seoane, C., Gu\u00e0rdia-Olmos, J., Facal-Mayo, D., & Juncos-Rabad\u00e1n, O. (2017). Normative data for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) in a Spanish sample of community-dweller adults. European Geriatric Medicine, 8(3), 240\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eurger.2017.04.003","journal-title":"European Geriatric Medicine"},{"key":"9703_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Lao, A., Ying, G., Arias, F., Levy, S. A., & Smith, G. E. (2025). A systematic review of available normative data on neuropsychological tests for Spanish speakers in the US, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Spain. Neuropsychology Review. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11065-025-09666-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-025-09666-6"},{"issue":"6","key":"9703_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.085332","volume":"77","author":"F Portet","year":"2006","unstructured":"Portet, F., Ousset, P. J., Visser, P. J., Frisoni, G. B., Nobili, F., Scheltens, P., Vellas, B., Touchon, J., MCI Working Group of the European Consortium on Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. (2006). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in medical practice: A critical review of the concept and new diagnostic procedure. Report of the MCI Working Group of the European Consortium on Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 77(6), 714\u2013718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.2005.085332","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"},{"key":"9703_CR110","unstructured":"*Porto, J. M. (2015). Validez diagn\u00f3stica de la Evaluaci\u00f3n Cognitiva Montreal en el deterioro cognitivo posictus [Tesis doctoral, Universidad de Salamanca]. Repositorio Documental GREDOS. https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10366\/128548"},{"issue":"12","key":"9703_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26424","volume":"30","author":"RB Postuma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Postuma, R. B., Berg, D., Stern, M., Poewe, W., Olanow, C. W., Oertel, W., Obeso, J., Marek, K., Litvan, I., Lang, A. E., Halliday, G., Goetz, C. G., Gasser, T., Dubois, B., Chan, P., Bloem, B. R., Adler, C. H., & Deuschl, G. (2015). MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson\u2019s disease. Movement Disorders, 30(12), 1591\u20131601. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.26424","journal-title":"Movement Disorders"},{"issue":"22","key":"9703_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16223888","volume":"16","author":"A Pujol","year":"2024","unstructured":"*Pujol, A., Sanchis, P., Tamayo, M. I., Godoy, S., Andr\u00e9s, P., Speranskaya, A., Espino, A., Estremera, A., Rigo, E., Amengual, G. J., Rodr\u00edguez, M., Ribes, J. L., Gomila, I., Grases, F., Gonz\u00e1lez-Freire, M., & Masmiquel, L. (2024a). Association of low protein-to-carbohydrate energy ratio with cognitive impairment in elderly type 2 diabetes patients. Nutrients, 16(22), Article Article 3888. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu16223888","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"9","key":"9703_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12091993","volume":"12","author":"A Pujol","year":"2024","unstructured":"*Pujol, A., Sanchis, P., Tamayo, M. I., Godoy, S., Calv\u00f3, P., Olmos, A., Andr\u00e9s, P., Speranskaya, A., Espino, A., Estremera, A., Rigo, E., Amengual, G. J., Rodr\u00edguez, M., Ribes, J. L., Gomila, I., Grases, F., Gonz\u00e1lez-Freire, M., & Masmiquel, L. (2024b). Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes: Basal data from the Phytate, Neurodegeneration and Diabetes (PHYND) Study. Biomedicines, 12(9), Article Article 1993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines12091993","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"9703_CR114","volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2021","unstructured":"R Core Team. (2021). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing."},{"issue":"1","key":"9703_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrleng.2018.11.008","volume":"37","author":"JM Ram\u00edrez-Moreno","year":"2022","unstructured":"*Ram\u00edrez-Moreno, J. M., Bartolom\u00e9 Alberca, S., Mu\u00f1oz Vega, P., & Guerrero Barona, E. J. (2022). Screening for cognitive impairment with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Spanish patients with minor stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Neurolog\u00eda (English Edition), 37(1), 38\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nrleng.2018.11.008","journal-title":"Neurolog\u00eda (English Edition)"},{"issue":"2","key":"9703_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.09.046","volume":"28","author":"JM Ram\u00edrez-Moreno","year":"2019","unstructured":"*Ram\u00edrez-Moreno, J. M., Mu\u00f1oz-Vega, P., Alberca, S. B., & Peral-Pacheco, D. (2019). Health-related quality of life and fatigue after transient ischemic attack and minor stroke. Journal of Stroke and Cererovascular Diseases, 28(2), 276\u2013284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.09.046","journal-title":"Journal of Stroke and Cererovascular Diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"9703_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24021183","volume":"24","author":"N Requena-Oca\u00f1a","year":"2023","unstructured":"*Requena-Oca\u00f1a, N., Araos, P., Serrano-Castro, P. J., Flores-L\u00f3pez, M., Garc\u00eda-Marchena, N., Oliver-Martos, B., Ruiz, J. J., Gavito, A., Pav\u00f3n, F. J., Serrano, A., Mayoral, F., Suarez, J., & Rodr\u00edguez de Fonseca, F. (2023). Plasma concentrations of neurofilament light chain protein and brain-derived neurotrophic factor as consistent biomarkers of cognitive impairment in alcohol use disorder. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(2), Article Article 1183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24021183","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"9703_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230791","volume":"99","author":"JA Reyes Bueno","year":"2024","unstructured":"*Reyes Bueno, J. A., S\u00e1nchez-Guijo, G., R\u00e1ez, P. D., Garc\u00eda-Arn\u00e9s, J. A., Garz\u00f3n-Maldonado, F. J., Castro, V. S., de la Cruz-Cosme, C., Alba-Linero, C., Guti\u00e9rrez-Bedmar, M., & Garc\u00eda-Casares, N. (2024). Effects of type 2 diabetes on the neuropsychological profile in mild cognitive impairment. Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, 99(3), 887\u2013897. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-230791","journal-title":"Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"},{"key":"9703_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.06.006","volume":"164","author":"C Rezola-Pardo","year":"2022","unstructured":"*Rezola-Pardo, C., Irazusta, J., Mugica-Errazquin, I., Gamio, I., Sarquis-Adamson, Y., Gil, S. M., Ugartemendia, M., Montero-Odasso, M., & Rodriguez-Larrad, A. (2022). Effects of multicomponent and dual-task exercise on falls in nursing homes: The AgeingOn Dual-Task study. Maturitas, 164, 15\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2022.06.006","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"3","key":"9703_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A12","DOI":"10.7326\/ACPJC-1995-123-3-A12","volume":"123","author":"WS Richardson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Richardson, W. S., Wilson, M. C., Nishikawa, J., & Hayward, R. S. (1995). The well-built clinical question: A key to evidence-based decisions. ACP Journal Club, 123(3), A12\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/ACPJC-1995-123-3-A12","journal-title":"ACP Journal Club"},{"issue":"12","key":"9703_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15122811","volume":"15","author":"MJ Rodrigo-Gonzalo","year":"2023","unstructured":"*Rodrigo-Gonzalo, M. J., Gonz\u00e1lez-Manzano, S., Pablos-Hern\u00e1ndez, M. C., M\u00e9ndez-S\u00e1nchez, R., Ayuda Duran, B., Gonz\u00e1lez-S\u00e1nchez, J., Barbero-Iglesias, F., Gonz\u00e1lez-Param\u00e1s, A. M., & Recio-Rodr\u00edguez, J. I. (2023). Effects of a raisin supplement on cognitive performance, quality of life, and functional activities in healthy older adults\u2014Randomized clinical trial. Nutrients, 15(12), Article Article 2811. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15122811","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"9703_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.3109\/11038128.2016.1161071","volume":"24","author":"G Rojo-Mota","year":"2016","unstructured":"*Rojo-Mota, G., Pedrero-P\u00e9rez, E. J., Huertas-Hoyas, E., Merritt, B., & MacKenzie, D. (2016). Allen Cognitive Level Screen for the classification of subjects treated for addiction. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 24(4), 290\u2013298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/11038128.2016.1161071","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"9703_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.5603.2012628","volume":"56","author":"G Rojo-Mota","year":"2013","unstructured":"*Rojo-Mota, G., Pedrero-Perez, E. J., Ruiz-Sanchez de Leon, J. M., Llanero-Luque, M., & Puerta-Garcia, C. (2013). Neurocognitive screening in substance addicts: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Revista de Neurolog\u00eda, 56(3), 129\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33588\/rn.5603.2012628","journal-title":"Revista de Neurolog\u00eda"},{"issue":"2","key":"9703_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11020213","volume":"11","author":"D Romero-Ayuso","year":"2021","unstructured":"*Romero-Ayuso, D., Cuerda, C., Morales, C., Tesoriero, R., Trivi\u00f1o-Ju\u00e1rez, J. M., Segura-Fragoso, A., & Gallud, J. A. (2021). Activities of daily living and categorization skills of elderly with cognitive deficit: A preliminary study. Brain Sciences, 11(2), Article Article 213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci11020213","journal-title":"Brain Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"9703_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-019-09412-9","volume":"29","author":"EC Rosca","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rosca, E. C., Albarqouni, L., & Simu, M. (2019). Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Neuropsychology Review, 29(3), 313\u2013327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11065-019-09412-9","journal-title":"Neuropsychology Review"},{"key":"9703_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-015-0091-1","volume":"15","author":"C R\u00f6ver","year":"2015","unstructured":"R\u00f6ver, C., Knapp, G., & Friede, T. (2015). Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman approach and its modification for random-effects meta-analysis with few studies. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 15, Article Article 99. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12874-015-0091-1","journal-title":"BMC Medical Research Methodology"},{"key":"9703_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Salvadori, E., Cova, I., Mele, F., Pomati, S., & Pantoni, L. (2022). Prediction of post-stroke cognitive impairment by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) performances in acute stroke: Comparison of three normative datasets. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 34, 1855\u20131863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40520-022-02133-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-022-02133-9"},{"key":"9703_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Samper-Pardo, M., Le\u00f3n-Herrera, S., Oliv\u00e1n-Bl\u00e1zquez, B., Gasc\u00f3n-Santos, S., & S\u00e1nchez-Recio, R. (2023). Clinical characterization and factors associated with quality of life in Long COVID patients: Secondary data analysis from a randomized clinical trial. PloS One, 18(5), Article e0278728. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0278728","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0278728"},{"key":"9703_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*S\u00e1nchez Cabaco, A., Wobbeking S\u00e1nchez, M., Mej\u00eda-Ram\u00edrez, M., Urchaga-Litago, J. D., Castillo-Riedel, E., & Bonete-L\u00f3pez, B. (2023). Mediation effects of cognitive, physical, and motivational reserves on cognitive performance in older people. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 1112308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1112308","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1112308"},{"key":"9703_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*S\u00e1nchez-Garc\u00eda, A. M., Mart\u00ednez-L\u00f3pez, P., G\u00f3mez-Gonz\u00e1lez, A. M., Rodriguez-Capit\u00e1n, J., Pav\u00f3n-Mor\u00f3n, F. J., Jim\u00e9nez-L\u00f3pez, R. J., Almeida, J. M. G., Avanesi-Molina, E., Zamboschi, N., Rueda-Molina, C., Doncel-Abad, V., Molina-Ramos, A. I., Cabrera-C\u00e9sar, E., Ben-Abdellatif, I., Gordillo-Resina, M., P\u00e9rez-Mesa, E., Nieto-Gonz\u00e1lez, M., Nuevo-Ortega, P., Reina-Artacho, C., \u2026 Estecha-Foncea, M. A. (2023). Post-intensive care unit multidisciplinary approach in patients with severe bilateral SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 20(1), 1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/ijms.77792","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.77792"},{"key":"9703_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*S\u00e1nchez-S\u00e1nchez, J. L., de Souto Barreto, P., Ant\u00f3n-Rodrigo, I., Ram\u00f3n-Espinoza, F., Mar\u00edn-Epelde, I., S\u00e1nchez-Latorre, M., Moral-Cuesta, D., & Casas-Herrero, \u00c1. (2022). Effects of a 12-week Vivifrail exercise program on intrinsic capacity among frail cognitively impaired community-dwelling older adults: Secondary analysis of a multicentre randomised clinical trial. Age and Ageing, 51(12), Article afac303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/afac303","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afac303"},{"key":"9703_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"*Santos-Lasaosa, S., Viloria Alebesque, A., Morandeira Rivas, C., L\u00f3pez del Val, L. J., Bellosta Diago, E., & Vel\u00e1zquez Benito, A. (2013). Quejas mn\u00e9sicas y migra\u00f1a cr\u00f3nica [Memory complaints and chronic migraine]. Revista de Neurolog\u00eda, 57, 145\u2013149.","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.5704.2013100"},{"key":"9703_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Sanz, B., Arrieta, H., Herv\u00e1s, G., Rezola-Pardo, C., Ruiz-Litago, F., Iturburu, M., Gil, S., Rodr\u00edguez-Larrad, A., & Irazusta, J. (2019). Serum adiponectin is associated with body composition and cognitive and psychological status in older adults living in long-term nursing homes. Experimental Gerontology, 121, 1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exger.2019.03.005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2019.03.005"},{"key":"9703_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*Seijas-Amigo, J., Mauriz-Montero, M. J., Suarez-Artime, P., Gayoso-Rey, M., Estany-Gestal, A., Casas-Mart\u00ednez, A., Gonz\u00e1lez-Freire, L., Rodriguez-Vazquez, A., P\u00e9rez-Rodriguez, N., Villaverde-Pi\u00f1eiro, L., Castro-Rubinos, C., Espino-Fais\u00e1n, E., Rodr\u00edguez-Ma\u00f1ero, M., Cordero, A., Gonz\u00e1lez-Juanatey, J. R., & MEMOGAL Group (2023). Cognitive function with PCSK9 inhibitors: A 24-month follow-up observational prospective study in the real world\u2014MEMOGAL study. American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs, 23(5), 583\u2013593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40256-023-00604-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s40256-023-00604-6"},{"key":"9703_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shi, D., Chen, X., & Li, Z. (2018). Diagnostic test accuracy of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in the detection of post-stroke cognitive impairment under different stages and cutoffs: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurological Sciences, 39, 705\u2013716. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-018-3254-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-018-3254-0"},{"issue":"2","key":"9703_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.86.2.420","volume":"86","author":"PE Shrout","year":"1979","unstructured":"Shrout, P. E., & Fleiss, J. L. (1979). Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychological Bulletin, 86(2), 420\u2013428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-2909.86.2.420","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"3","key":"9703_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-201408","volume":"79","author":"N Soldevila-Domenech","year":"2021","unstructured":"*Soldevila-Domenech, N., Forcano, L., Boronat, A., Lorenzo, T., Piera, I., Puig-Pijoan, A., Mateus, J., De Echevarri G\u00f3mez, J. M. G., Knezevic, I., Soteras, A., Fauria, K., Pizarro, N., Molinuevo, J. L., de la Torre, R., PENSA Study Group, From BBRC. (2021). Effects of COVID-19 home confinement on mental health in individuals with increased risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, 79(3), 1015\u20131021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-201408","journal-title":"Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"},{"key":"9703_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","volume":"366","author":"JAC Sterne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sterne, J. A. C., Savovi\u0107, J., Page, M. J., Elbers, R. G., Blencowe, N. S., Boutron, I., Cates, C. J., Cheng, H. Y., Corbett, M. S., Eldridge, S. M., Emberson, J. R., Hern\u00e1n, M. A., Hopewell, S., Hr\u00f3bjartsson, A., Junqueira, D. R., J\u00fcni, P., Kirkham, J. J., Lasserson, T., Li, T., \u2026 Higgins, J. P. T. (2019). RoB 2: A revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ, 366, Article l4898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l4898","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"9703_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sterne, J. A., Hern\u00e1n, M. A., Reeves, B. C., Savovi\u0107, J., Berkman, N. D., Viswanathan, M., Henry, D., Altman, D. G., Ansari, M. T., Boutron, I., Carpenter, J. R., Chan, A.-W., Churchill, R., Deeks, J. J., Hr\u00f3bjartsson, A., Kirkham, J., J\u00fcni, P., Loke, Y. K., Pigott, T. D., \u2026 Higgins, J. P. (2016). ROBINS-I: A tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ, 355, Article i4919. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.i4919","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919"},{"key":"9703_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2023.103691","volume":"87","author":"R Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun, R., Ge, B., Wu, S., Li, H., & Lin, L. (2023). Optimal cut-off MoCA score for screening for mild cognitive impairment in elderly individuals in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 87, Article 103691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajp.2023.103691","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"9703_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-141278","volume":"43","author":"JP Tan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tan, J. P., Li, N., Gao, J., Wang, L. N., Zhao, Y. M., Yu, B. C., Du, W., Zhang, W. J., Cui, L. Q., Wang, Q. S., Li, J. J., Yang, J. S., Yu, J. M., Xia, X. N., & Zhou, P. Y. (2014). Optimal cutoff scores for dementia and mild cognitive impairment of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment among elderly and oldest-old Chinese population. Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, 43(4), 1403\u20131412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-141278","journal-title":"Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"},{"key":"9703_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-020-00603-8","volume":"12","author":"AE Thomann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thomann, A. E., Berres, M., Goettel, N., Steiner, L. A., & Monsch, A. U. (2020). Enhanced diagnostic accuracy for neurocognitive disorders: A revised cut-off approach for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Alzheimer\u2019s Research & Therapy, 12, Article 39. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13195-020-00603-8","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Research & Therapy"},{"issue":"9","key":"9703_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807.e17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.05.016","volume":"18","author":"KKF Tsoi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tsoi, K. K. F., Chan, J. Y. C., Hirai, H. W., Wong, A., Mok, V. C. T., Lam, L. C. W., Kwok, T. C. Y., & Wong, S. Y. S. (2017). Recall tests are effective to detect mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 108 diagnostic studies. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 18(9), 807.e17\u2013807.e29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.05.016","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"},{"issue":"4","key":"9703_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215518819046","volume":"33","author":"D Valera-Gran","year":"2018","unstructured":"*Valera-Gran, D., L\u00f3pez-Roig, S., Hurtado-Pomares, M., Peral-G\u00f3mez, P., Garc\u00eda-Manzanares, M., Sunyer Catlla, M., M\u00e1s Ses\u00e9, G., Navarrete-Mu\u00f1oz, E. M., & S\u00e1nchez-P\u00e9rez, A. (2018). Validation of the Spanish version of the Oxford Cognitive Screen (S-OCS): Psychometric properties of a short cognitive stroke-specific screening tool. Clinical Rehabilitation, 33(4), 724\u2013736. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0269215518819046","journal-title":"Clinical Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"16","key":"9703_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13164695","volume":"13","author":"M Valles-Salgado","year":"2024","unstructured":"*Valles-Salgado, M., Matias-Guiu, J. A., Delgado-\u00c1lvarez, A., Delgado-Alonso, C., Gil-Moreno, M. J., Valiente-Gordillo, E., L\u00f3pez-Carbonero, J. I., Fern\u00e1ndez-Romero, L., Pe\u00f1a-DeDiego, L., Oliver-Mas, S., Mat\u00edas-Guiu, J., & Diez-Cirarda, M. (2024). Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of five cognitive screening tests for diagnosing mild cognitive impairment in patients consulting for memory loss. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(16), Article Article 4695. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13164695","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"9703_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2015.05.002","volume":"1","author":"SJ Vogel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vogel, S. J., Banks, S. J., Cummings, J. L., & Miller, J. B. (2015). Concordance of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment with standard neuropsychological measures. Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring, 1(3), 289\u2013294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dadm.2015.05.002","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring"},{"issue":"8","key":"9703_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009","volume":"155","author":"PF Whiting","year":"2011","unstructured":"Whiting, P. F., Rutjes, A. W. S., Westwood, M. E., Mallett, S., Deeks, J. J., Reitsma, J. B., Leeflang, M. M. G., Sterne, J. A. C., & Bossuyt, P. M. M. (2011). QUADAS-2: A revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies. Annals of Internal Medicine, 155(8), 529\u2013536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"15","key":"9703_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2503","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6879","volume":"35","author":"A Wiksten","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wiksten, A., R\u00fccker, G., & Schwarzer, G. (2016). Hartung\u2013Knapp method is not always conservative compared with fixed-effect meta\u2010analysis. Statistics in Medicine, 35(15), 2503\u20132515. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sim.6879","journal-title":"Statistics in Medicine"},{"key":"9703_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"*W\u00f6bbeking-S\u00e1nchez, M., Bonete-L\u00f3pez, B., Cabaco, A. S., Urchaga-Litago, J. D., & Afonso, R. M. (2020). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(16), Article Article 5777. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17165777","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17165777"},{"key":"9703_CR150","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2025, March). Dementia. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/dementia"},{"issue":"8","key":"9703_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317517725811","volume":"32","author":"E Yamamoto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yamamoto, E., Mourany, L., Colleran, R., Whitman, C., & Tousi, B. (2017). Utility of Montreal Cognitive Assessment in differentiating dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer\u2019s dementia. American Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease & Other Dementiasr, 32(8), 468\u2013471. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1533317517725811","journal-title":"American Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease & Other Dementiasr"}],"container-title":["Neuropsychology Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11065-026-09703-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11065-026-09703-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11065-026-09703-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T01:10:08Z","timestamp":1782868208000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11065-026-09703-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"references-count":151,"alternative-id":["9703"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11065-026-09703-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-7308","1573-6660"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-7308","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6660","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This research is a systematic review of previously published literature and did not require ethics approval.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}