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The article also reports Raman spectroscopic observations of quartz cavities, concluding in the presence of water, methane and sodium hydroxide at high concentration leading to pH\u2009~\u200915 inside the inclusion, suggesting an Archean water which was strongly basic. Fe\n                    <jats:sup>III<\/jats:sup>\n                    -greenalite may also be present inside the inclusion. The possible role of anoxic alkaline high subcritical water in the formation of ferric minerals and the CO required for the synthesis of molecules of biological interest has been demonstrated theoretically since 2013 and summarized in the concept of Geobiotropy. The present article experimentally confirms the importance of considering water in its anoxic strongly alkaline high subcritical domain for the formation of quartz, hematite, Fe\n                    <jats:sup>III<\/jats:sup>\n                    -greenalite, methane and disordered graphitic carbon. Methane is proposed to form locally when the carbon dioxide that is dissolved in the Archean anoxic alkaline high subcritical water, interacts with the molecular hydrogen that is emitted during the anoxic alkaline oxidation of ferrous silicates. The carbon matter is proposed to form as deposition from the anoxic methane-rich fluid. A detailed study of carbon matter from diverse origins is presented in a supplementary file. The study shows that the BARB3_23B sample has been submitted to\u2009~\u2009335\u00a0\u00b0C, a temperature of the high subcritical domain, and that the graphitic structure contains very low amounts of oxygen and no hydroxyl functional groups. The importance of considering the structure of water is applied to the constructions of the Neoproterozoic and Archean banded iron formations. It is proposed that their minerals are produced inside chemical reaction chambers containing ferrous silicates, and ejected from the Earth\u2019s oceanic crust or upper mantle, during processes involving subduction events or not.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11084-023-09638-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]],"date-time":"2023-08-16T08:02:15Z","timestamp":1692172935000},"page":"1-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Possible Role of Anoxic Alkaline High Subcritical Water in the Formation of Ferric Minerals, Methane and Disordered Graphitic Carbon in a BARB3 Drilled Sample of the 3.4\u00a0Ga Buck Reef Chert"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7548-8894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie-Paule","family":"Bassez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"9638_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gsf.2017.08.003","volume":"9","author":"A Agangi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Agangi A, Hofmann A, Elburg MA (2018) A review of Palaeoarchaean felsic volcanism in the eastern Kaapvaal craton: Linking plutonic and volcanic records. 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