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Affibodies display suitable characteristics for imaging applications such as high stability and a short biological half-life. The aim of this study was to explore brain delivery and retention of A\u03b2 protofibril-targeted affibodies in wild-type (WT) and AD transgenic mice and to evaluate their potential as imaging agents. Two affibodies, Z5 and Z1, were fused with the blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) shuttle single-chain variable fragment scFv8D3. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic> binding of <jats:sup>125<\/jats:sup>I-labeled affibodies with and without scFv8D3 was evaluated by ELISA and autoradiography. Brain uptake and retention of the affibodies at 2\u00a0h and 24\u00a0h post injection was studied <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> in WT and transgenic (tg-Swe and tg-ArcSwe) mice. At 2\u00a0h post injection, [<jats:sup>125<\/jats:sup>I]I-Z5 and [<jats:sup>125<\/jats:sup>I]I-Z1 displayed brain concentrations of 0.37\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09% and 0.46\u2009\u00b1\u20090.08% ID\/g brain, respectively. [<jats:sup>125<\/jats:sup>I]I-scFv8D3-Z5 and [<jats:sup>125<\/jats:sup>I]I-scFv8D3-Z1 showed increased brain concentrations of 0.53\u2009\u00b1\u20090.16% and 1.20\u2009\u00b1\u20090.35%ID\/g brain. At 24\u00a0h post injection, brain retention of [<jats:sup>125<\/jats:sup>I]I-Z1 and [<jats:sup>125<\/jats:sup>I]I-Z5 was low, while [<jats:sup>125<\/jats:sup>I]I-scFv8D3-Z1 and [<jats:sup>125<\/jats:sup>I]I-scFv8D3-Z5 showed moderate brain retention, with a tendency towards higher retention of [<jats:sup>125<\/jats:sup>I]I-scFv8D3-Z5 in AD transgenic mice. Nuclear track emulsion autoradiography showed greater parenchymal distribution of [<jats:sup>125<\/jats:sup>I]I-scFv8D3-Z5 and [<jats:sup>125<\/jats:sup>I]I-scFv8D3-Z1 compared with the affibodies without scFv8D3, but could not confirm specific affibody accumulation around A\u03b2 deposits. Affibody-scFv8D3 fusions displayed increased brain and parenchymal delivery compared with the non-fused affibodies. However, fast brain washout and a suboptimal balance between A\u03b2 and mTfR1 affinity resulted in low intrabrain retention around A\u03b2 deposits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-022-03282-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T17:03:04Z","timestamp":1652202184000},"page":"1509-1521","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Transferrin Receptor Binding BBB-Shuttle Facilitates Brain Delivery of Anti-A\u03b2-Affibodies"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Faresj\u00f6","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Lindberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"St\u00e5hl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"L\u00f6fblom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stina","family":"Syv\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9430-3859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dag","family":"Sehlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"3282_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.17155","volume":"7","author":"G Hultqvist","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hultqvist G, Syv\u00e4nen S, Fang XT, Lannfelt L, Sehlin D. 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