{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T17:14:40Z","timestamp":1788887680000,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":152,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharm Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-026-04032-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T22:25:10Z","timestamp":1773267910000},"page":"587-603","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["VEGF and Neurotrophins Interaction in the Retinal Neurovascular Unit Homeostasis: A Target for Ocular Disease Treatment and Management"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Annamaria","family":"Di Criscio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Rosso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Fico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo","family":"Iannetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Marenco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Lambiase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Tirassa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"4032_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19010439","volume":"19","author":"T Oshitari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Oshitari T. Neurovascular impairment and therapeutic strategies in diabetic retinopathy. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19:439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19010439. MDPI.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"4032_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13211","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713211","volume":"24","author":"X Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang X, Wang M, Liu H, Mercieca K, Prinz J, Feng Y, et al. The association between vascular abnormalities and glaucoma\u2014what comes first? Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24:13211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms241713211. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI).","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4032_CR3","first-page":"300","volume":"17","author":"W Whitmire","year":"2011","unstructured":"Whitmire W, Al-Gayyar MM, Abdelsaid M, Yousufzai BK, El-Remessy AB. Alteration of growth factors and neuronal death in diabetic retinopathy: what we have learned so far. Mol Vis. 2011;17:300\u20138.","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"key":"4032_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2008.05.001","volume":"27","author":"JS Penn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Penn JS, Madan A, Caldwell RB, Bartoli M, Caldwell RW, Hartnett ME. Vascular endothelial growth factor in eye disease. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2008;27:331\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2008.05.001.","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"4032_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2011.632108","volume":"37","author":"D Jee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jee D, Lee WK. Inhibitory effect of intravitreal injection of bevacizumab on nerve growth factor. Curr Eye Res. 2012;37:408\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02713683.2011.632108.","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"4032_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18297","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28462","volume":"234","author":"M Segatto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Segatto M, Fico E, Gharbiya M, Rosso P, Carito V, Tirassa P, et al. VEGF inhibition alters neurotrophin signalling pathways and induces caspase-3 activation and autophagy in rabbit retina. J Cell Physiol. 2019;234:18297\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcp.28462. Wiley-Liss Inc.","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"4032_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fico E, Rosso P, Triaca V, Segatto M, Lambiase A, Tirassa P, et al. NGF prevents loss of TrkA\/VEGFR2 cells, and VEGF isoform dysregulation in the retina of adult diabetic rats. Cells. 2022;11:3246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells11203246. MDPI.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11203246"},{"key":"4032_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tirassa P, Rosso P, Iannitelli A. Ocular nerve growth factor (NGF) and NGF eye drop application as paradigms to investigate NGF neuroprotective and reparative actions. Methods Mol Biol.  2018. p. 19\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-7571-6_2. Humana Press Inc.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7571-6_2"},{"key":"4032_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huang H. Pericyte-endothelial interactions in the retinal microvasculature. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21:7413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21197413. MDPI AG.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21197413"},{"key":"4032_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"O\u2019Leary F, Campbell M. The blood\u2013retina barrier in health and disease. FEBS J. 2023;290:878\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/febs.16330. John Wiley and Sons Inc.","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.16330"},{"key":"4032_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763092","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.763092","volume":"12","author":"C Meng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Meng C, Gu C, He S, Su T, Lhamo T, Draga D, et al. Pyroptosis in the retinal neurovascular unit: new insights into diabetic retinopathy. Front Immunol. 2021;12:763092. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.763092. Frontiers Media S.A.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"4032_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.13373","volume":"15","author":"X Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang X, Huang Z, Xu M, Chen Y, Cao M, Yi G, et al. Autophagy in the retinal neurovascular unit: new perspectives into diabetic retinopathy. J Diabetes. 2023;15:382\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1753-0407.13373. John Wiley and Sons Inc.","journal-title":"J Diabetes"},{"key":"4032_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2014.06.003","volume":"42","author":"M Hoon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hoon M, Okawa H, Della Santina L, Wong ROL. Functional architecture of the retina: development and disease. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2014;42:44\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2014.06.003.","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"4032_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000328979","volume":"227","author":"A Bringmann","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bringmann A, Wiedemann P. M\u00fcller glial cells in retinal disease. Ophthalmologica. 2011;227:1\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000328979.","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"4032_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.06.003","volume":"51","author":"E Vecino","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vecino E, Rodriguez FD, Ruzafa N, Pereiro X, Sharma SC. Glia-neuron interactions in the mammalian retina. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2016;51:1\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.06.003.","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"4032_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2012.04.004","volume":"31","author":"J Kur","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kur J, Newman EA, Chan-Ling T. Cellular and physiological mechanisms underlying blood flow regulation in the retina and choroid in health and disease. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2012;31:377\u2013406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2012.04.004.","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"4032_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yao J, Yao W, Zhu JY, Liu Y, Liu JH, Ji YK, et al. Targeting tRNA-Derived Non-Coding RNA Alleviates Diabetes-Induced Visual Impairment through Protecting Retinal Neurovascular Unit. Adv Sci. 2024;12:2411042.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/advs.202411042. John Wiley and Sons Inc.","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202411042"},{"key":"4032_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12020148","volume":"12","author":"TL Maurissen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Maurissen TL, Pavlou G, Bichsel C, Villase\u00f1or R, Kamm RD, Ragelle H. Microphysiological neurovascular barriers to model the inner retinal microvasculature. J Pers Med. 2022;12:148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm12020148. MDPI.","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"4032_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2022.2055084","volume":"47","author":"B Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li B, Ning B, Yang F, Guo C. Nerve growth factor promotes retinal neurovascular unit repair: a review. Curr Eye Res. 2022;47:1095\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02713683.2022.2055084.","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"4032_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077669","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1077669","volume":"13","author":"TE Tan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tan TE, Wong TY. Diabetic retinopathy: looking forward to 2030. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;13:1077669. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.1077669.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"4032_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19061816","volume":"19","author":"W Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang W, Lo ACY. Diabetic retinopathy: pathophysiology and treatments. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19: 1816. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms19061816.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4032_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2010.0075","volume":"107","author":"MW Ulbig","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ulbig MW, Kollias AN. Diabetische Retinopathie: Fr\u00fchzeitige Diagnostik und Effiziente Therapie. Dtsch Arztebl. 2010;107:75\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.2010.0075.","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl"},{"key":"4032_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1159\/000524942","volume":"65","author":"J Garcia-Garcia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Garcia-Garcia J, Usategui-Martin R, Sanabria MR, Fernandez-Perez E, Telleria JJ, Coco-Martin RM. Pathophysiology of age-related macular degeneration: implications for treatment. Ophthalmic Res. 2022;65:615\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000524942.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"key":"4032_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22031170","volume":"22","author":"A Pugazhendhi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pugazhendhi A, Hubbell M, Jairam P, Ambati B. Neovascular macular degeneration: a review of etiology, risk factors, and recent advances in research and therapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22:1170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms22031170.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4032_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2015.01.004","volume":"60","author":"LP Doucette","year":"2015","unstructured":"Doucette LP, Rasnitsyn A, Seifi M, Walter MA. The interactions of genes, age, and environment in glaucoma pathogenesis. Surv Ophthalmol. 2015;60:310\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.survophthal.2015.01.004.","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4032_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.21899","volume":"325","author":"JD Stein","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stein JD, Khawaja AP, Weizer JS. Glaucoma in adults - screening, diagnosis, and management: a review. JAMA. 2021;325:164\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.21899.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"4032_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094662","volume":"22","author":"AS Mursch-Edlmayr","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mursch-Edlmayr AS, Bolz M, Strohmaier C. Vascular aspects in glaucoma: from pathogenesis to therapeutic approaches. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22: 4662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms22094662.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4032_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Campochiaro PA. Molecular pathogenesis of retinal and choroidal vascular diseases. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2015;49:67\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.06.002. Elsevier Ltd.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.06.002"},{"key":"4032_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.23743","volume":"241","author":"T Baba","year":"2012","unstructured":"Baba T, Mcleod DS, Edwards MM, Merges C, Sen T, Sinha D, et al. VEGF 165b in the developing vasculatures of the fetal human eye. Dev Dyn. 2012;241:595\u2013607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dvdy.23743.","journal-title":"Dev Dyn"},{"key":"4032_CR30","first-page":"455","volume":"59","author":"C Stanca Melincovici","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stanca Melincovici C, Bo\u015fca AB, \u015eu\u015fman S, M\u0103rginean M, Mihu C, Istrate M, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-key factor in normal and pathological angiogenesis. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2018;59:455\u201367.","journal-title":"Rom J Morphol Embryol"},{"key":"4032_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068399","volume":"8","author":"DO Bates","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bates DO, Mavrou A, Qiu Y, Carter JG, Hamdollah-Zadeh M, Barratt S, et al. Detection of VEGF-Axxxb isoforms in human tissues. PLoS ONE. 2013;8: e68399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0068399.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4032_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19041264","volume":"19","author":"CJ Peach","year":"2018","unstructured":"Peach CJ, Mignone VW, Arruda MA, Alcobia DC, Hill SJ, Kilpatrick LE, et al. Molecular pharmacology of VEGF-A isoforms: binding and signalling at VEGFR2. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19: 1264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms19041264.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4032_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201603-0568OC","volume":"196","author":"SL Barratt","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barratt SL, Blythe T, Jarrett C, Ourradi K, Shelley-Fraser G, Day MJ, et al. Differential expression of VEGF-Axxx isoforms is critical for development of pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;196:479\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.201603-0568OC.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"4032_CR34","first-page":"4123","volume":"62","author":"D Bates","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bates D, Winkler M, Gillatt D, Harper S. VEGF165b, an inhibitory splice variant of vascular endothelial growth factor, is down-regulated in renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 2002;62:4123\u201331.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"4032_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605249","volume":"101","author":"ES Rennel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rennel ES, Varey AHR, Churchill AJ, Wheatley ER, Stewart L, Mather S, et al. VEGF121b, a new member of the VEGFxxxb family of VEGF-A splice isoforms, inhibits neovascularisation and tumour growth in vivo. Br J Cancer. 2009;101:1183\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605249.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"4032_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes9020098","volume":"9","author":"M Stevens","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stevens M, Oltean S. Modulation of VEGF-A alternative splicing as a novel treatment in chronic kidney disease. Genes. 2018;9: 98. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/genes9020098.","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"4032_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200113738","volume":"108","author":"RV Iozzo","year":"2001","unstructured":"Iozzo RV, San Antonio JD. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans: heavy hitters in the angiogenesis arena. J Clin Invest. 2001;108:349\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI200113738.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"4032_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2009.00941.x","volume":"14","author":"FTH Wu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wu FTH, Stefanini MO, Gabhann FM, Kontos CD, Annex BH, Popel AS. A systems biology perspective on sVEGFR1: its biological function, pathogenic role and therapeutic use. J Cell Mol Med. 2010;14:528\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2009.00941.x.","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"4032_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200409115","volume":"169","author":"S Lee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lee S, Jilan SM, Nikolova GV, Carpizo D, Luisa Iruela-Arispe M. Processing of VEGF-A by matrix metalloproteinases regulates bioavailability and vascular patterning in tumors. J Cell Biol. 2005;169:681\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.200409115.","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"4032_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.080642","volume":"176","author":"Q Ebrahem","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ebrahem Q, Chaurasia SS, Vasanji A, Qi JH, Klenotic PA, Cutler A, et al. Cross-talk between vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinases in the induction of neovascularization in vivo. Am J Pathol. 2010;176:496\u2013503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2353\/ajpath.2010.080642.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"4032_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2013.11.002","volume":"25","author":"P Vempati","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vempati P, Popel AS, Mac Gabhann F. Extracellular regulation of VEGF: isoforms, proteolysis, and vascular patterning. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2014;25:1\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2013.11.002. Elsevier BV.","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"key":"4032_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1242\/bio.017434","volume":"5","author":"GW Fearnley","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fearnley GW, Smith GA, Abdul-Zani I, Yuldasheva N, Mughal NA, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, et al. VEGF-A isoforms program differential VEGFR2 signal transduction, trafficking and proteolysis. Biol Open. 2016;5:571\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/bio.017434. Company of Biologists Ltd.","journal-title":"Biol Open"},{"key":"4032_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9478","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8353","volume":"52","author":"KM Ford","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ford KM, Saint-Geniez M, Walshe T, Zahr A, D\u2019Amore PA. Expression and role of VEGF in the adult retinal pigment epithelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:9478\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.11-8353.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"4032_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.01.021","volume":"176","author":"RS Apte","year":"2019","unstructured":"Apte RS, Chen DS, Ferrara N. VEGF in signaling and disease: beyond discovery and development. Cell. 2019;176:1248\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2019.01.021.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4032_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2024.189079","volume":"1879","author":"P Shaw","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shaw P, Dwivedi SKD, Bhattacharya R, Mukherjee P, Rao G. VEGF signaling: role in angiogenesis and beyond. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer. 2024;1879: 189079. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbcan.2024.189079.","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer"},{"key":"4032_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01460-1","volume":"8","author":"ZL Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu ZL, Chen HH, Zheng LL, Sun LP, Shi L. Angiogenic signaling pathways and anti-angiogenic therapy for cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2023;8:198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-023-01460-1. Springer Nature.","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"4032_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/s1556-0864(15)30404-4","volume":"1","author":"M Nilsson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nilsson M, Heymach JV. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Pathway. J Thorac Oncol. 2006;1:768\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1556-0864(15)30404-4.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"4032_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1486","volume":"8","author":"J Gavard","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gavard J, Gutkind JS. VEGF controls endothelial-cell permeability promoting \u03b2-arrestin-dependent endocytosis VE-cadherin. Nat Cell Biol. 2006;8:1223\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncb1486.","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"4032_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-05798-2","volume":"7","author":"S Sharma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sharma S, Ehrlich M, Zhang M, Blobe GC, Henis YI. NRP1 interacts with endoglin and VEGFR2 to modulate VEGF signaling and endothelial cell sprouting. Commun Biol. 2024;7: 112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42003-024-05798-2.","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"4032_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2006.03.009","volume":"10","author":"L Jakobsson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jakobsson L, Kreuger J, Holmborn K, Lundin L, Eriksson I, Kjell\u00e9n L, et al. Heparan sulfate in trans potentiates VEGFR-mediated angiogenesis. Dev Cell. 2006;10:625\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.devcel.2006.03.009.","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"4032_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-71484-y","volume":"10","author":"SB Mamer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mamer SB, Wittenkeller A, Imoukhuede PI. VEGF-A splice variants bind VEGFRs with differential affinities. Sci Rep. 2020;10: 14413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-71484-y.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4032_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20170102","volume":"131","author":"N Ved","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ved N, Hulse RP, Bestall SM, Donaldson LF, Bainbridge JW, Bates DO. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A165b ameliorates outer-retinal barrier and vascular dysfunction in the diabetic retina. Clin Sci. 2017;131:1225\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/CS20170102.","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"4032_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.65.6.18","volume":"65","author":"AB Daniels","year":"2024","unstructured":"Daniels AB, Sishtla KL, Bogan CM, Pierce JM, Chen SC, Xu L, et al. Aqueous VEGF-A levels as a liquid biopsy biomarker of retinoblastoma vitreous seed response to therapy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2024;65: 18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.65.6.18.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"4032_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2011.10.013","volume":"93","author":"M Zhao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhao M, Shi X, Liang J, Miao Y, Xie W, Zhang Y, et al. Expression of pro- and anti-angiogenic isoforms of VEGF in the mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. Exp Eye Res. 2011;93:921\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2011.10.013.","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"4032_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2015.11.027","volume":"103","author":"M Amadio","year":"2016","unstructured":"Amadio M, Govoni S, Pascale A. Targeting VEGF in eye neovascularization: what\u2019s new? A comprehensive review on current therapies and oligonucleotide-based interventions under development. Pharmacol Res. 2016;103:253\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2015.11.027. Academic Press.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"4032_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2505","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.164937","volume":"128","author":"M Zhao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhao M, Xie WK, Bai YJ, Huang LZ, Wang B, Liang JH, et al. Expression of total vascular endothelial growth factor and the anti-angiogenic VEGF165b isoform in the vitreous of patients with retinopathy of prematurity. Chin Med J (Engl). 2015;128:2505\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0366-6999.164937.","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"4032_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2015.15","volume":"77","author":"IT Ma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ma IT, McConaghy S, Namachivayam K, Halloran BA, Kurundkar AR, Mohankumar K, et al. VEGF mRNA and protein concentrations in the developing human eye. Pediatr Res. 2015;77:500\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/pr.2015.15.","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"4032_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2422","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-005-1951-8","volume":"48","author":"RM Perrin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Perrin RM, Konopatskaya O, Qiu Y, Harper S, Bates DO, Churchill AJ. Diabetic retinopathy is associated with a switch in splicing from anti- to pro-angiogenic isoforms of vascular endothelial growth factor. Diabetologia. 2005;48:2422\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-005-1951-8.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"4032_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-7-37","volume":"7","author":"Q Tong","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tong Q, Zheng L, Lin L, Li B, Wang D, Huang C, et al. VEGF is upregulated by hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor via the PI-3K\/Akt-NF-\u03baB signaling pathway. Respir Res. 2006;7: 37. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1465-9921-7-37.","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"4032_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2024.1408750","volume":"15","author":"S Monaci","year":"2024","unstructured":"Monaci S, Coppola F, Filippi I, Falsini A, Carraro F, Naldini A. Targeting hypoxia signaling pathways in angiogenesis. Front Physiol. 2024;15: 1408750. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2024.1408750.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"4032_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/ejh.2022.3522","volume":"66","author":"M Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang M, Zhou M, Cai X, Zhou Y, Jiang X, Luo Y, et al. VEGF promotes diabetic retinopathy by upregulating the PKC\/ET\/NF-\u03baB\/ICAM-1 signaling pathway. Eur J Histochem. 2022;66: 3522. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/ejh.2022.3522.","journal-title":"Eur J Histochem"},{"key":"4032_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4282","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4360","volume":"51","author":"J Hua","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hua J, Spee C, Kase S, Rennel ES, Magnussen AL, Qiu Y, et al. Recombinant human vegf165b inhibits experimental choroidal neovascularization. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010;51:4282\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.09-4360.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"4032_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Froger N, Matonti F, Roubeix C, Forster V, Ivkovic I, Brunel N, et al. VEGF is an autocrine\/paracrine neuroprotective factor for injured retinal ganglion neurons. Sci Rep. 2020;10:12409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-68488-z.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-68488-z"},{"key":"4032_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4273","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4296","volume":"51","author":"AL Magnussen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Magnussen AL, Rennel ES, Hua J, Bevan HS, Long NB, Lehrling C, et al. VEGF-A165B is cytoprotective and antiangiogenic in the retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010;51:4273\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.09-4296.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"4032_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001493","volume":"37","author":"RL Avery","year":"2017","unstructured":"Avery RL, Castellarin AA, Steinle NC, Dhoot DS, Pieramici DJ, See R, et al. Systemic pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravitreal aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab. Retina. 2017;37:1847\u201358.","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"4032_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bro T, Derebecka M, J\u00f8rstad \u00d8K, Grzybowski A, Springer. Off-label use of bevacizumab for wet age-related macular degeneration in Europe. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2020;258:503\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00417-019-04569-8.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-019-04569-8"},{"key":"4032_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Meyer CH, Holz FG. Preclinical aspects of anti-VEGF agents for the treatment of wet AMD: ranibizumab and bevacizumab. Eye. 2011;25:661\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/eye.2011.66. Nature Publishing Group.","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2011.66"},{"key":"4032_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chatziralli I, Loewenstein A, MDPI AG. Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy: a review of the literature. Pharmaceutics. 2021;13:1137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics13081137.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13081137"},{"key":"4032_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Banerjee M, Moharana S, Padhy SK. Systemic effects of intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy: a review of safety across organ systems. Ophthalmol Ther. 2025;14:1661\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40123-025-01157-4. Adis.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-025-01157-4"},{"key":"4032_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0021-7","volume":"32","author":"S Fogli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fogli S, Del Re M, Rofi E, Posarelli C, Figus M, Danesi R. Clinical pharmacology of intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs. Eye (Basingstoke). 2018;32:1010\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41433-018-0021-7. Nature Publishing Group.","journal-title":"Eye (Basingstoke)"},{"key":"4032_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Holz FG, Dugel PU, Weissgerber G, Hamilton R, Silva R, Bandello F, et al. Single-Chain Antibody Fragment VEGF Inhibitor RTH258 for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Randomized Controlled Study. Ophthalmology. 2016;123:1080\u20139.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.030. Elsevier Inc.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.12.030"},{"key":"4032_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2659","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S378450","volume":"16","author":"EM Karasavvidou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Karasavvidou EM, Tranos P, Panos GD. Brolucizumab for the treatment of degenerative macular conditions: a review of clinical studies. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2022;16:2659\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/DDDT.S378450. Dove Medical Press Ltd.","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"key":"4032_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13020385","volume":"13","author":"C Hara","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hara C, Suzue M, Fujimoto S, Fukushima Y, Sayanagi K, Nishida K, et al. Comparison of loading dose between aflibercept and faricimab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. J Clin Med. 2024;13:385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13020385. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI).","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"4032_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.03.023","volume":"126","author":"J Sahni","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sahni J, Patel SS, Dugel PU, Khanani AM, Jhaveri CD, Wykoff CC, et al. Simultaneous inhibition of angiopoietin-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A with faricimab in diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology. 2019;126:1155\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.03.023. Elsevier Inc.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"4032_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2861","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S427416","volume":"17","author":"GD Panos","year":"2023","unstructured":"Panos GD, Lakshmanan A, Dadoukis P, Ripa M, Motta L, Amoaku WM. Faricimab: transforming the future of macular diseases treatment-a comprehensive review of clinical studies. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2023;17:2861\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/DDDT.S427416. Dove Medical Press Ltd.","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"key":"4032_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3241","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S383101","volume":"16","author":"M Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu M, Fan R, Fan X, Shao Y, Li X. Progress and challenges of anti-VEGF agents and their sustained-release strategies for retinal angiogenesis. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2022;16:3241\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/DDDT.S383101. Dove Medical Press Ltd.","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"key":"4032_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00310-6","volume":"403","author":"PA Campochiaro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Campochiaro PA, Avery R, Brown DM, Heier JS, Ho AC, Huddleston SM. Gene therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration by subretinal delivery of RGX-314: a phase 1\/2a dose-escalation study. Lancet. 2024;403:1563\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00310-6. Elsevier B.V.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4032_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtm.2025.101430","volume":"33","author":"K Poulsen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Poulsen K, Hanna K, Nieves J, Nguyen N, Sharma P, Grishanin R, et al. Nonclinical study of ixo-vec gene therapy for nAMD supports efficacy for a human dose of 6E10 vg\/eye and staggered dosing of fellow eyes. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev. 2025;33:101430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.omtm.2025.101430. Cell Press.","journal-title":"Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev"},{"key":"4032_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e022031","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022031","volume":"9","author":"B Pham","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pham B, Thomas SM, Lillie E, Lee T, Hamid J, Richter T, et al. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment for retinal conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2019;9:e022031. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022031. BMJ Publishing Group.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"4032_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Federico Tridico RN. Complications of Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Drugs: A Report on Our Personal Experience. J Clin Exp Ophthalmol. OMICS Publishing Group; 2015;6:4.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4172\/2155-9570.1000448.","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9570.1000448"},{"key":"4032_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S207978","volume":"14","author":"M Schargus","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schargus M, Frings A. Issues with intravitreal administration of anti-vegf drugs. Clin Ophthalmol. 2020;14:897\u2013904. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/OPTH.S207978. Dove Medical Press Ltd.","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4032_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lee KH, Lee SC, Lee MW. Vitreous opacity following intravitreal brolucizumab injection: a case series review. Korean J Ophthalmol. 2024;38:113\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3341\/kjo.2023.0133. Korean Ophthalmological Society (KOS).","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2023.0133"},{"key":"4032_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2013.107","volume":"27","author":"KG Falavarjani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Falavarjani KG, Nguyen QD. Adverse events and complications associated with intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF agents: a review of literature. Eye. 2013;27:787\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/eye.2013.107. Nature Publishing Group.","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"4032_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2004.05.011","volume":"14","author":"L Aloe","year":"2004","unstructured":"Aloe L. Rita Levi-Montalcini: the discovery of nerve growth factor and modern neurobiology. Trends Cell Biol. 2004;14:395\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tcb.2004.05.011.","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"4032_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-003-3099-3","volume":"61","author":"KK Teng","year":"2004","unstructured":"Teng KK, Hempstead BL. Neurotrophins and their receptors: signaling trios in complex biological systems. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2004;61:35\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-003-3099-3.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"4032_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1078","volume":"4","author":"MV Chao","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chao MV. Neurotrophins and their receptors: a convergence point for many signalling pathways. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2003;4:299\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn1078.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"4032_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lessmann V, Gottmann K, Malcangio M. Neurotrophin secretion: current facts and future prospects. Prog Neurobiol. 2003;69:341\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0301-0082(03)00019-4. Elsevier Ltd.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(03)00019-4"},{"key":"4032_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bekinschtein P, von Bohlen und Halbach O. Editorial: cellular and molecular mechanisms of neurotrophin function in the nervous system. Front Cell Neurosci. 2020;14:101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2020.00101. Frontiers Media S.A.","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2020.00101"},{"key":"4032_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022615","volume":"6","author":"F Paoletti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Paoletti F, Malerba F, Kelly G, Noinville S, Lamba D, Cattaneo A, et al. Conformational plasticity of proNGF. PLoS ONE. 2011;6: e22615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0022615.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4032_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6735","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0510645103","volume":"103","author":"MA Bruno","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bruno MA, Claudio Cuello A. Activity-dependent release of precursor nerve growth factor, conversion to mature nerve growth factor, and its degradation by a protease cascade. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103:6735\u201340.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"4032_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ircmb.2014.10.002","volume":"314","author":"MC Marlin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marlin MC, Li G. Biogenesis and function of the NGF\/TrkA signaling endosome. Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2015;314:239\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.ircmb.2014.10.002. Elsevier Inc.","journal-title":"Int Rev Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"4032_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2019.104498","volume":"129","author":"M Soligo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Soligo M, Albini M, Bertoli FL, Marzano V, Protto V, Bracci-Laudiero L. Different responses of PC12\u202fcells to different pro-nerve growth factor protein variants. Neurochem Int. 2019;129:104498. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuint.2019.104498. Elsevier Ltd.","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"4032_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12709","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M710018200","volume":"283","author":"J Boutilier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Boutilier J, Ceni C, Pagdala PC, Forgie A, Neet KE, Barker PA. Proneurotrophins require endocytosis and intracellular proteolysis to induce TrkA activation. J Biol Chem. 2008;283:12709\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M710018200.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4032_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.23088","volume":"29","author":"V Protto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Protto V, Soligo M, De Stefano ME, Farioli-Vecchioli S, Marlier LNJL, Nistic\u00f2 R, et al. Electroacupuncture in rats normalizes the diabetes-induced alterations in the septo-hippocampal cholinergic system. Hippocampus. 2019;29:891\u2013904. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hipo.23088. John Wiley and Sons Inc.","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"4032_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3140951","volume":"314","author":"NG Seidah","year":"1996","unstructured":"Seidah NG, Benjannet S, Pareek S, Savaria D, Hamelin J, Goulet B, et al. Cellular processing of the nerve growth factor precursor by the mammalian pro-protein convertases. Biochem J. 1996;314:951\u201360.","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"4032_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Trabjerg E, Kartberg F, Christensen S, Rand KD. Conformational characterization of nerve growth factor- reveals that its regulatory pro-part domain stabilizes three loop regions in its mature part. J Biol Chem. 2017;292:16665\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M117.803320. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Inc.","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M117.803320"},{"key":"4032_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2018.09.013","volume":"27","author":"R Yan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yan R, Yalinca H, Paoletti F, Gobbo F, Marchetti L, Kuzmanic A, et al. The Structure of the Pro-domain of Mouse proNGF in Contact with the NGF Domain. Structure Cell Press. 2019;27:78\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.str.2018.09.013.","journal-title":"Structure Cell Press"},{"key":"4032_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.13768","volume":"14","author":"MA Makoudjou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Makoudjou MA, Fico E, Rosso P, Triaca V, De Simone L, Rossetti D, et al. ProNGF processing in adult rat tissues and bioactivity of NGF prodomain peptides. FEBS Open Bio. 2024;14:643\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2211-5463.13768. John Wiley and Sons Inc.","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio"},{"key":"4032_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.54603","volume":"10","author":"B Lu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lu B. BDNF and activity-dependent synaptic modulation. Learn Mem. 2003;10:86\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/lm.54603.","journal-title":"Learn Mem"},{"key":"4032_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Foltran RB, Diaz SL. BDNF isoforms: a round trip ticket between neurogenesis and serotonin? J Neurochem. 2016;138:204\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jnc.13658. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13658"},{"key":"4032_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12660","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M008104200","volume":"276","author":"SJ Mowla","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mowla SJ, Farhadi HF, Pareek S, Atwal JK, Morris SJ, Seidah NG, et al. Biosynthesis and post-translational processing of the precursor to brain-derived neurotrophic factor. J Biol Chem. 2001;276:12660\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M008104200.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4032_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lu B, Pang PT, Woo NH. The yin and yang of neurotrophin action. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2005;6:603\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn1726. Nature Publishing Group.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1726"},{"issue":"306","key":"4032_CR103","first-page":"487","volume":"2004","author":"PT Pang","year":"1979","unstructured":"Pang PT, Teng HK, Zaitsev E, Woo NH, Sakata K, Zhen S, et al. Cleavage of proBDNF by tPA\/ Plasmin Is Essential for Long-Term Hippocampal Plasticity. Science. 1979;2004(306):487\u201391.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"4032_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11995","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M403172200","volume":"280","author":"JH Jung","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jung JH, Park MH, Choi SY, Koh JY. Activation of the Trk signaling pathway by extracellular zinc. Role of metalloproteinases. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:11995\u20132001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M403172200.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4032_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12963","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3118-11.2011","volume":"31","author":"H Mizoguchi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mizoguchi H, Nakade J, Tachibana M, Ibi D, Someya E, Koike H, et al. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 contributes to kindled seizure development in pentylenetetrazole-treated mice by converting pro-BDNF to mature BDNF in the hippocampus. J Neurosci. 2011;31:12963\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3118-11.2011.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"4032_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13415","volume":"139","author":"B Vafadari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vafadari B, Salamian A, Kaczmarek L. MMP-9 in translation: from molecule to brain physiology, pathology, and therapy. J Neurochem. 2016;139:91\u2013114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jnc.13415. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"4032_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hirose M, Kuroda Y, Murata E. NGF\/TrkA signaling as a therapeutic target for pain. Pain Pract. 2016;16:175\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/papr.12342. Blackwell Publishing Inc.","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12342"},{"key":"4032_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Demir IE, Tieftrunk E, Schorn S, Friess H, Ceyhan GO. Nerve growth factor & TrkA as novel therapeutic targets in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2016;1866:37\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbcan.2016.05.003. Elsevier B.V.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2016.05.003"},{"key":"4032_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Franco ML, Nadezhdin KD, Goncharuk SA, Mineev KS, Arseniev AS, Vilar M, et al. Structural basis of the transmembrane domain dimerization and rotation in the activation mechanism of the TRKA receptor by nerve growth factor. J Biol Chem. 2020;295:275\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.RA119.011312.","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA119.011312"},{"key":"4032_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mischel PS, Umbach JA, Eskandari S, Smith SG, Gundersen CB, Zampighi GA, et al. Nerve growth factor signals via preexisting TrkA receptor oligomers. Biophys J. 2002;83:968\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0006-3495(02)75222-3.  Biophysical Society.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(02)75222-3"},{"key":"4032_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-007-8000-1","volume":"35","author":"T Moises","year":"2007","unstructured":"Moises T, Dreier A, Flohr S, Esser M, Brauers E, Reiss K, et al. Tracking TrkA\u2019s trafficking: NGF receptor trafficking controls NGF receptor signaling. Mol Neurobiol. 2007;35:151\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-007-8000-1. Humana Press.","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"4032_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Toni T, Dua P, Van Der Graaf PH. Systems pharmacology of the NGF signaling through p75 and TrkA receptors. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol. 2014;3:e150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/psp.2014.48. Nature Publishing Group.","DOI":"10.1038\/psp.2014.48"},{"key":"4032_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1102-1131","volume":"5","author":"G Dechant","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dechant G, Barde Y-A. The neurotrophin receptor p75 NTR\u202f: novel functions and implications for diseases of the nervous system. Nat Neurosci. 2002;5:1131\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn1102-1131.","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"4032_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mahadeo D, Kaplan L, Chao MV, Hempstead BL. High affinity nerve growth factor binding displays a faster rate of association than p140trk binding: implications for multi-subunit polypeptide receptors. J Biol Chem. 1994;269:6884\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0021-9258(17)37458-6. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Inc.","DOI":"10.1016\/s0021-9258(17)37458-6"},{"key":"4032_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02360.x","volume":"89","author":"M Fahnestock","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fahnestock M, Yu G, Michalski B, Mathew S, Colquhoun A, Ross GM, et al. The nerve growth factor precursor proNGF exhibits neurotrophic activity but is less active than mature nerve growth factor. J Neurochem. 2004;89:581\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02360.x. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"4032_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02289","volume":"427","author":"E Almaas","year":"2004","unstructured":"Almaas E, Kov\u00e1cs B, Vicsek T, Oltvai ZN, Barab\u00e1si AL. Sortilin is essential for proNGF- induced neuronal cell death. Nature. 2004;427:843\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature02289.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4032_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.12.030","volume":"396","author":"D Feng","year":"2010","unstructured":"Feng D, Kim T, Ozkan E, Light M, Torkin R, Teng KK, et al. Molecular and structural insight into proNGF engagement of p75NTR and sortilin. J Mol Biol. 2010;396:967\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.12.030.","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"4032_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-018-0071-z","volume":"23","author":"LL Shen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shen LL, Ma\u00f1ucat-Tan NB, Gao SH, Li WW, Zeng F, Zhu C, et al. The ProNGF\/p75NTR pathway induces tau pathology and is a therapeutic target for FTLD-tau. Mol Psychiatry. 2018;23:1813\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-018-0071-z. Nature Publishing Group.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4032_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Minnone G, De Benedetti F, Bracci-Laudiero L. NGF and its receptors in the regulation of inflammatory response. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18:1028. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms18051028. MDPI AG.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18051028"},{"key":"4032_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Luo M, Shi X, Guo Q, Li S, Zhang Q, Sun X, et al. 2,5-hexanedione induced apoptosis in rat spinal cord neurons and VSC4.1 cells via the proNGF\/p75NTR and JNK pathways. Biosci Rep. 2021;41:BSR20204264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/BSR20204264. Portland Press Ltd.","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20204264"},{"key":"4032_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1381","volume":"8","author":"Y Ji","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ji Y, Pang PT, Feng L, Lu B. Cyclic AMP controls BDNF-induced TrkB phosphorylation and dendritic spine formation in mature hippocampal neurons. Nat Neurosci. 2005;8:164\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn1381.","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"4032_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.20765","volume":"70","author":"A Yoshii","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yoshii A, Constantine-Paton M. Postsynaptic BDNF-TrkB signaling in synapse maturation, plasticity, and disease. Dev Neurobiol. 2010;70:304\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dneu.20765.","journal-title":"Dev Neurobiol"},{"key":"4032_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-017-0510-4","volume":"38","author":"P Kowia\u0144ski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kowia\u0144ski P, Lietzau G, Czuba E, Wa\u015bkow M, Steliga A, Mory\u015b J. BDNF: a key factor with multipotent impact on brain signaling and synaptic plasticity. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2018;38:579\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10571-017-0510-4.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"4032_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1510","volume":"8","author":"NH Woo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Woo NH, Teng HK, Siao CJ, Chiaruttini C, Pang PT, Milner TA, et al. Activation of p75NTR by proBDNF facilitates hippocampal long-term depression. Nat Neurosci. 2005;8:1069\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn1510.","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"4032_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"von Bartheld C, Bartheld von. Neurotrophins in the developing and regenerating visual system. Histol Histopathol. 1998;13:437\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14670\/HH-13.437","DOI":"10.14670\/HH-13.437"},{"key":"4032_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Latini L, De Araujo DSM, Amato R, Canovai A, Buccarello L, De Logu F, et al. A p75 neurotrophin receptor-sparing nerve growth factor protects retinal ganglion cells from neurodegeneration by targeting microglia. Br J Pharmacol. 2024;181:4890\u2013919.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bph.17316. John Wiley and Sons Inc.","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.17316"},{"key":"4032_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2016.11.005","volume":"34","author":"TB Garcia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Garcia TB, Hollborn M, Bringmann A. Expression and signaling of NGF in the healthy and injured retina. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2017;34:43\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2016.11.005.","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"key":"4032_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39392","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.147801","volume":"285","author":"Y Bai","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bai Y, Dergham P, Nedev H, Xu J, Galan A, Rivera JC, et al. Chronic and acute models of retinal neurodegeneration TrkA activity are neuroprotective whereas p75NTR activity is neurotoxic through a paracrine mechanism. J Biol Chem. 2010;285:39392\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M110.147801. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Inc.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4032_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3875","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.2012.21.024","volume":"125","author":"Y Wei","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wei Y, Wang H, Zhang F, Zao J, Jiang X, Lu Q, et al. Enhanced expression of proneurotrophins in elevated introcular pressure-induced rat retinal ischemia. Chin Med J (Engl). 2012;125:3875\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.2012.21.024.","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"4032_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Coucha M, Elshaer SL, Eldahshan WS, Mysona BA, El-Remessy AB. Molecular mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy: Potential therapeutic targets. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2015;22:135\u201344.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0974-9233.154386. Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications.","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-9233.154386"},{"key":"4032_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S288482","volume":"14","author":"Z Ji","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ji Z, Luo J, Su T, Chen C, Su Y. Mir-7a targets insulin receptor substrate-2 gene and suppresses viability and invasion of cells in diabetic retinopathy mice via PI3K-AKT-VEGF pathway. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2021;14:719\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/DMSO.S288482.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes"},{"key":"4032_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2018.9713","volume":"19","author":"Y Xie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xie Y, Shi X, Sheng K, Han G, Li W, Zhao Q, et al. PI3K\/Akt signaling transduction pathway, erythropoiesis and glycolysis in hypoxia (Review). Mol Med Rep Spandidos Publ. 2019;19:783\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/mmr.2018.9713.","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep Spandidos Publ"},{"key":"4032_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mohamed R, Y Shanab A, El Remessy AB. Deletion of the Neurotrophin Receptor p75NTR Prevents Diabetes-Induced Retinal Acellular Capillaries in Streptozotocin-Induced Mouse Diabetic Model. J Diabetes Metab Disord Control. 2017;4:163\u20139.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15406\/jdmdc.2017.04.00129. MedCrave Group, LLC.","DOI":"10.15406\/jdmdc.2017.04.00129"},{"key":"4032_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tanase DM, Valasciuc E, Gosav EM, Floria M, Buliga-Finis ON, Ouatu A, et al. Enhancing Retinal Resilience: The Neuroprotective Promise of BDNF in Diabetic Retinopathy. Life. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI); 2025;15:263.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life15020263.","DOI":"10.3390\/life15020263"},{"key":"4032_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tekin MI, Sekeroglu MA, Demirtas C, Tekin K, Doguizi S, Bayraktar S, et al. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with age-related macular degeneration and its correlation with retinal layer thicknesses. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2018;59:2833\u201340.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.18-24030. Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Inc.","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-24030"},{"key":"4032_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Telegina D V., Kolosova NG, Kozhevnikova OS. Immunohistochemical localization of NGF, BDNF, and their receptors in a normal and AMD-like rat retina. BMC Med Genomics. 2019;12:48.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12920-019-0493-8. BioMed Central Ltd.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12920-019-0493-8"},{"key":"4032_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11050712","volume":"11","author":"YZ Le","year":"2021","unstructured":"Le YZ, Xu B, Chucair-Elliott AJ, Zhang H, Zhu M. VEGF mediates retinal M\u00fcller cell viability and neuroprotection through BDNF in diabetes. Biomolecules. 2021;11: 712. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom11050712.","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"4032_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-020-01887-1","volume":"17","author":"SY Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu SY, Pan BS, Tsai SF, Chiang YT, Huang BM, Mo FE, et al. Bdnf reverses aging-related microglial activation. J Neuroinflammation. 2020;17: 210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-020-01887-1.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"4032_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2023.156477","volume":"174","author":"M Dadkhah","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dadkhah M, Baziar M, Rezaei N. The regulatory role of BDNF in neuroimmune axis function and neuroinflammation induced by chronic stress: a new therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative disorders. Cytokine. 2024;174: 156477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cyto.2023.156477.","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"4032_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1416668","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1416668","volume":"15","author":"SK Reddy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Reddy SK, Devi V, Seetharaman ATM, Shailaja S, Bhat KMR, Gangaraju R, et al. Cell and molecular targeted therapies for diabetic retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024;15:1416668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2024.1416668.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"4032_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-022-02236-6","volume":"17","author":"A Bruscolini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bruscolini A, Marenco M, Albanese GM, Lambiase A, Sacchetti M. Long-term clinical efficacy of topical treatment with recombinant human nerve growth factor in neurotrophic keratopathy: a novel cure for a rare degenerative corneal disease? Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2022;17:57. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13023-022-02236-6.","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"4032_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2010.12.002","volume":"46","author":"K Nakamura","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nakamura K, Tan F, Li Z, Thiele CJ. NGF activation of TrkA induces vascular endothelial growth factor expression via induction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1\u03b1. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2011;46:498\u2013506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mcn.2010.12.002.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"4032_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000359","volume":"24","author":"F Mantelli","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mantelli F, Lambiase A, Colafrancesco V, Rocco ML, Macchi I, Aloe L. NGF and VEGF effects on retinal ganglion cell fate: new evidence from an animal model of diabetes. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2013;24:247\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5301\/ejo.5000359.","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4032_CR144","first-page":"254","volume":"22","author":"J Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang J, et al. NGF increases VEGF expression and promotes cell proliferation via ERK1\/2 and AKT signaling in M\u00fcller cells. Mol Vis. 2016;22:254\u201363.","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"key":"4032_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI.INSIGHT.93751","volume":"2","author":"EJ Duh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Duh EJ, Sun JK, Stitt AW. Diabetic retinopathy: current understanding, mechanisms, and treatment strategies. JCI Insight. 2017;2: e93751. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI.INSIGHT.93751.","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"4032_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1015522","volume":"13","author":"G Zerbini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zerbini G, Maestroni S, Leocani L, Mosca A, Godi M, Paleari R, et al. Topical nerve growth factor prevents neurodegenerative and vascular stages of diabetic retinopathy. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13: 1015522. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2022.1015522.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"4032_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.02.024","volume":"363","author":"M Afarid","year":"2016","unstructured":"Afarid M, Torabi-Nami M, Zare B. Neuroprotective and restorative effects of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor in retinal diseases. J Neurol Sci. 2016;363:43\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jns.2016.02.024.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"4032_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25116072","volume":"25","author":"A Machali\u0144ska","year":"2024","unstructured":"Machali\u0144ska A, Kuligowska A, Ziontkowska-Wrza\u0142ek A, Stroynowska B, Pius-Sadowska E, Safranow K, et al. The severity of diabetic retinopathy corresponds with corneal nerve alterations and ocular discomfort of the patient. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25: 6027. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25116072.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4032_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-022-03622-z","volume":"388","author":"M Zhu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhu M, Li N, Wang Y, Gao S, Wang J, Shen X. Regulation of inflammation by VEGF\/BDNF signaling in mouse retinal M\u00fcller glial cells exposed to high glucose. Cell Tissue Res. 2022;388:521\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00441-022-03622-z.","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"4032_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3793","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-19825","volume":"57","author":"L Feng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Feng L, Chen H, Yi J, Troy JB, Zhang HF, Liu X. Long-term protection of retinal ganglion cells and visual function by brain-derived neurotrophic factor in mice with ocular hypertension. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016;57:3793\u2013802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.16-19825.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"4032_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3554","DOI":"10.2337\/db15-0180","volume":"64","author":"S Fu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fu S, Dong S, Zhu M, Sherry DM, Wang C, You Z, et al. M\u00fcller glia are a major cellular source of survival signals for retinal neurons in diabetes. Diabetes. 2015;64:3554\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db15-0180. American Diabetes Association Inc.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"4032_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Beck M, Munk MR, Ebneter A, Wolf S, Zinkernagel MS, Elsevier Inc. Retinal ganglion cell layer change in patients treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol. 2016;167:10\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.04.003.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.04.003"}],"container-title":["Pharmaceutical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11095-026-04032-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11095-026-04032-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11095-026-04032-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T13:54:00Z","timestamp":1776088440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11095-026-04032-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":152,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["4032"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11095-026-04032-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0724-8741","1573-904X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0724-8741","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-904X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}