{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T14:06:42Z","timestamp":1784038002307,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Health Economics Association of Guangdong  Province","award":["2025-WJHX-25"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-WJHX-25"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Clin Pharm"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Drug-induced fever is a common but often under-recognized adverse reaction that can complicate clinical management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to systematically evaluate the risk of drug-induced fever using real-world pharmacovigilance data and to characterize its temporal onset patterns and clinical features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A pharmacovigilance study was conducted utilizing data from the FAERS, covering reports from the first quarter of 2004 to the fourth quarter of 2024. The detection of adverse drug event signals was conducted using disproportionality analysis. The robustness of identified fever signals was assessed through sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, a time-to-onset analysis was undertaken to elucidate factors associated with the development of drug-induced fever.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Disproportionality analysis revealed that antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents were the most frequently associated, followed by antiinfectives for systemic use, alimentary tract and metabolism, musculo-skeletal system, nervous system, blood and blood forming organs, dermatologicals, genito urinary system and sexhormones. The top-five drugs with drug-induced fever signals by case number were rituximab (3650 cases), immunoglobulin human normal (2478 cases), zoledronic acid (2304 cases), lamotrigine (1843 cases), dabrafenib (1803 cases). Sensitivity analysis confirmed that the majority of the positive signals remained robust. Analysis of the time-to-onset revealed that drug-induced fever occurred predominantly during the early phase of treatment. Furthermore, female patients experienced an earlier onset compared to males.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This large-scale pharmacovigilance analysis identified drugs and patient characteristics associated with drug-induced fever and revealed early-onset patterns, providing evidence to support its early recognition and monitoring in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-026-02113-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T07:46:30Z","timestamp":1775029590000},"page":"1370-1380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Drug-induced fever: a pharmacovigilance analysis based on the FDA adverse event reporting system"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Xiaozhi","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weichun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofen","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danxia","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiajiong","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2113_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-106-5-728","volume":"106","author":"PA Mackowiak","year":"1987","unstructured":"Mackowiak PA, LeMaistre CF. Drug fever: a critical appraisal of conventional concepts. an analysis of 51 episodes in two Dallas hospitals and 97 episodes reported in the English literature. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106(5):728\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-106-5-728.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2113_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.1991.11700899","volume":"89","author":"MA Hanson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hanson MA. Drug fever. Remember to consider it in diagnosis. Postgrad Med. 1991;89(5):167\u201370, 173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00325481.1991.11700899.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2113_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.30.1.57","volume":"30","author":"RA Patel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Patel RA, Gallagher JC. Drug fever. Pharmacother. 2010;30(1):57\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1592\/phco.30.1.57.","journal-title":"Pharmacother"},{"issue":"1","key":"2113_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/s0891-5520(05)70287-7","volume":"10","author":"DH Johnson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Johnson DH, Cunha BA. Drug fever. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1996;10(1):85\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0891-5520(05)70287-7.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"2113_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-198710000-00011","volume":"294","author":"PA Mackowiak","year":"1987","unstructured":"Mackowiak PA. Drug fever: mechanisms, maxims and misconceptions. Am J Med Sci. 1987;294(4):275\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00000441-198710000-00011.","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2113_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.3701","volume":"118","author":"E Potter","year":"2025","unstructured":"Potter E, Reyes M, Naples J, et al. FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) essentials: a guide to understanding, applying, and interpreting adverse event data reported to FAERS. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2025;118(3):567\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpt.3701.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"2113_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2325","volume":"39","author":"MA Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz MA, Delcher C, Dal Pan GJ, et al. Impact of a new consumer form on the quantity and quality of adverse event reports submitted to the united states food and drug administration. Pharmacotherapy. 2019;39(11):1042\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/phar.2325.","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"6","key":"2113_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-024-01421-9","volume":"47","author":"M Fusaroli","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fusaroli M, Salvo F, Begaud B, et al. The reporting of a disproportionality analysis for drug safety signal detection using individual case safety reports in PharmacoVigilance (READUS-PV): development and statement. Drug Saf. 2024;47(6):575\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40264-024-01421-9.","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"6","key":"2113_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-024-01423-7","volume":"47","author":"M Fusaroli","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fusaroli M, Salvo F, Begaud B, et al. The reporting of a disproportionality analysis for drug safety signal detection using individual case safety reports in PharmacoVigilance (READUS-PV): explanation and elaboration. Drug Saf. 2024;47(6):585\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40264-024-01423-7.","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"2113_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4101","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.13.04101","volume":"13","author":"S Kerr","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kerr S, Greenland S, Jeffrey K, et al. Understanding and reporting odds ratios as rate-ratio estimates in case-control studies. J Glob Health. 2023;13:4101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7189\/jogh.13.04101.","journal-title":"J Glob Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2113_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph14010004","volume":"14","author":"Y Noguchi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Noguchi Y, Aoyama K, Kubo S, et al. Improved detection criteria for detecting drug-drug interaction signals using the proportional reporting ratio. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland). 2020;14(1):4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph14010004.","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"issue":"9","key":"2113_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-020-02909-w","volume":"76","author":"K Tada","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tada K, Maruo K, Isogawa N, et al. Borrowing external information to improve Bayesian confidence propagation neural network. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2020;76(9):1311\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00228-020-02909-w.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2113_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200225060-00001","volume":"25","author":"A Szarfman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Szarfman A, Machado SG, O\u2019Neill RT. Use of screening algorithms and computer systems to efficiently signal higher-than-expected combinations of drugs and events in the US FDA\u2019s spontaneous reports database. Drug Saf. 2002;25(6):381\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00002018-200225060-00001.","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"5","key":"2113_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2111003","volume":"386","author":"G Haidar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Haidar G, Singh N. Fever of unknown origin. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(5):463\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra2111003.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2113_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.159.45","volume":"159","author":"K Oizumi","year":"1989","unstructured":"Oizumi K, Onuma K, Watanabe A, et al. Clinical study of drug fever induced by parenteral administration of antibiotics. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1989;159(1):45\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1620\/tjem.159.45.","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"2113_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199411103311906","volume":"331","author":"JC Roujeau","year":"1994","unstructured":"Roujeau JC, Stern RS. Severe adverse cutaneous reactions to drugs. N Engl J Med. 1994;331(19):1272\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM199411103311906.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2113_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":". Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly Clinicopathological Exercises. Case 26\u20131996. A Seven-Year-Old Boy with Fever, Lymphadenopathy, Hepatosplenomegaly, and Prominent Eosinophilia. NEW ENGL J MED. 1996; 335(8):577\u2013584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM199608223350808","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199608223350808"},{"issue":"3","key":"2113_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199505000-00004","volume":"74","author":"AS De Vriese","year":"1995","unstructured":"De Vriese AS, Philippe J, Van Renterghem DM, et al. Carbamazepine hypersensitivity syndrome: report of 4 cases and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 1995;74(3):144\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005792-199505000-00004.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"21","key":"2113_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1995.00430210033005","volume":"155","author":"CC Vittorio","year":"1995","unstructured":"Vittorio CC, Muglia JJ. Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome. Arch Intern Med. 1995;155(21):2285\u201390.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2113_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.1990.tb00659.x","volume":"31","author":"K Gebauer","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gebauer K, Holgate C, Navaratnam A. Toxic pustuloderma. A drug induced pustulating glandular fever-like syndrome. Australas J Dermatol. 1990;31(2):89\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1440-0960.1990.tb00659.x.","journal-title":"Australas J Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2113_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.66.6.722","volume":"66","author":"N Hosoda","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hosoda N, Sunaoshi W, Shirai H, et al. Anticarbamazepine antibody induced by carbamazepine in a patient with severe serum sickness. Arch Dis Child. 1991;66(6):722\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.66.6.722.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"2","key":"2113_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-015-2820-8","volume":"24","author":"D Ogawara","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ogawara D, Fukuda M, Ueno S, et al. Drug fever after cancer chemotherapy is most commonly observed on posttreatment days 3 and 4. Support Care Cancer. 2016;24(2):615\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-015-2820-8.","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"2113_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw141","volume":"27","author":"J Naidoo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Naidoo J, Page DB, Li BT, et al. Toxicities of the anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint antibodies. Ann Oncol. 2016;27(7):1362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdw141.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2113_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu529","volume":"26","author":"AM Menzies","year":"2015","unstructured":"Menzies AM, Ashworth MT, Swann S, et al. Characteristics of pyrexia in BRAFV600E\/K metastatic melanoma patients treated with combined dabrafenib and trametinib in a phase I\/II clinical trial. Ann Oncol. 2015;26(2):415\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdu529.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2113_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1006341717398","volume":"18","author":"RO Dillman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dillman RO. Infusion reactions associated with the therapeutic use of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of malignancy. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1999;18(4):465\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/a:1006341717398.","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"2113_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.572863","volume":"11","author":"GE Fouda","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fouda GE, Bavbek S. Rituximab hypersensitivity: from clinical presentation to management. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:572863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2020.572863.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2113_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2013.05.004","volume":"27","author":"ER Stiehm","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stiehm ER. Adverse effects of human immunoglobulin therapy. Transfus Med Rev. 2013;27(3):171\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tmrv.2013.05.004.","journal-title":"Transfus Med Rev"},{"issue":"18","key":"2113_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa067312","volume":"356","author":"DM Black","year":"2007","unstructured":"Black DM, Delmas PD, Eastell R, et al. Once-yearly zoledronic acid for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(18):1809\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa067312.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2113_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1089\/107999003322558782","volume":"23","author":"G Dicuonzo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dicuonzo G, Vincenzi B, Santini D, et al. Fever after zoledronic acid administration is due to increase in TNF-alpha and IL-6. J Interferon Cytokine Res Off J Int Soc Interferon Cytokine Res. 2003;23(11):649\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/107999003322558782.","journal-title":"J Interferon Cytokine Res Off J Int Soc Interferon Cytokine Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"2113_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30681-3","volume":"20","author":"P Hersey","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hersey P, Tiffen JC, Gallagher SJ. Shedding light on dabrafenib-induced fevers in patients with melanoma. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(12):1637\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30681-3.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2113_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i35","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex422","volume":"57","author":"LK Stamp","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stamp LK, Barclay ML. How to prevent allopurinol hypersensitivity reactions? Rheumatology. 2018;57(1):i35\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex422.","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2113_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e3181bbbcea","volume":"15","author":"R Suresh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Suresh R, Gupta S, Sathananthan R. Sulphasalazine induced three-week syndrome. JCR-J Clin Rheumatol. 2009;15(6):311\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/RHU.0b013e3181bbbcea.","journal-title":"JCR-J Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2113_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12948-017-0069-0","volume":"15","author":"M Ghannam","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ghannam M, Mansour S, Nabulsi A, Abdoh Q. Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome after phenytoin administration in an adolescent patient: a case report and review of literature. Clin Mol Allergy. 2017;15:14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12948-017-0069-0.","journal-title":"Clin Mol Allergy"},{"issue":"12","key":"2113_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.23.15.1659.31966","volume":"23","author":"SA Grim","year":"2003","unstructured":"Grim SA, Romanelli F, Jennings PR, Ofotokun I. Late-onset drug fever associated with minocycline: case report and review of the literature. Pharmacotherapy. 2003;23(12):1659\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1592\/phco.23.15.1659.31966.","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"25","key":"2113_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4083","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i25.4083","volume":"19","author":"T Khoury","year":"2013","unstructured":"Khoury T, Ollech JE, Chen S, Mizrahi M, Shalit M. Azathioprine-induced fever in autoimmune hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2013;19(25):4083\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v19.i25.4083.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"16","key":"2113_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1977.03280170053030","volume":"238","author":"NFJ Jacobs","year":"1977","unstructured":"Jacobs NFJ, Thompson SER. Spiking fever from isoniazid simulating a septic process. JAMA J Am Med Assoc. 1977;238(16):1759\u201360.","journal-title":"JAMA J Am Med Assoc"},{"issue":"6","key":"2113_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm197708112970616","volume":"297","author":"RS Davis","year":"1977","unstructured":"Davis RS, Stoler BS. Febrile reactions to INH. N Engl J Med. 1977;297(6):337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejm197708112970616.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2113_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.75.2.196","volume":"75","author":"JF Dasta","year":"1979","unstructured":"Dasta JF, Prior JA, Kurzrok S. Isoniazid-induced fever. Chest. 1979;75(2):196\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.75.2.196.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"22","key":"2113_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198005293022215","volume":"302","author":"CR Stewart","year":"1980","unstructured":"Stewart CR, Vengrow MI, Riley TL. Double quotidian fever caused by carbamazepine. N Engl J Med. 1980;302(22):1262.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2113_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.1982.tb03835.x","volume":"12","author":"WP Sheridan","year":"1982","unstructured":"Sheridan WP, King RW, Gerstman M. Fever as an adverse reaction to carbamazepine. Aust N Z J Med. 1982;12(5):520\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1445-5994.1982.tb03835.x.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Med"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11096-026-02113-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11096-026-02113-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11096-026-02113-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T13:31:22Z","timestamp":1784035882000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11096-026-02113-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["2113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11096-026-02113-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2210-7711"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2210-7711","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This study utilized publicly available, de-identified data from FAERS. As no patient-identifiable information was accessed, institutional ethics approval was not required.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}}]}}