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Temporal (TMT) and masseter muscle (MMT) thickness has been recently demonstrated as a reliable measure of muscle mass. We aimed to investigate the relationship between TMT, MMT and clinical\/biochemical characteristics in patients with acromegaly.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Single center retrospective longitudinal study including 69 patients with at least one available brain\/sella turcica MRI and matched clinical data. TMT, MMT, and muscle fatty infiltration (modified Goutallier score) were evaluated in all patients at baseline (first available MRI) and over time (182 MRIs analyzed).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>At baseline, both TMT and MMT were higher in males than females (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016, respectively). TMT and MMT were positively associated (\u03b2 0.508, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and they were positively correlated with IGF-1 xULN (TMT, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.047; MMT, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). MMT had a positive correlation with patients\u2019 weight (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.015) and height (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006). No correlation was found between TMT, MMT and the presence of hypogonadism. Considering all available MRIs, sex and IGF-1 xULN were significant determinants of TMT and MMT at multivariable analysis (female sex: \u03b2 -0.345\/-0.426, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; IGF-1 xULN: \u03b2 0.257\/0.328, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). At longitudinal evaluation, uncontrolled patients at baseline showed a significant reduction of MMT over time (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.044). Remarkable fatty infiltration was observed in 34\u201337% of MRIs; age was the main determinant (temporal muscle: OR 1.665; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013; masseter muscle: OR 1.793; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Male patients with higher IGF-1 values have thicker temporal and masseter muscles, suggesting that sex and IGF-1 have a significant impact on muscle mass in acromegaly.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-024-01422-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]],"date-time":"2024-07-05T08:02:22Z","timestamp":1720166542000},"page":"507-517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Temporal and masseter muscle evaluation by MRI provides information on muscle mass and quality in acromegaly patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5062-9208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Gatto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Milioto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuliana","family":"Corica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Nista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Campana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Arecco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Mattioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Belluscio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Bignotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Ferone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto Stefano","family":"Tagliafico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"1422_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(22)00244-3","author":"M Fleseriu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fleseriu M, Langlois F, Lim DST, Varlamov EV, Melmed S (2022) Acromegaly: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. 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D.F. has received honoraria for lectures or advisory boards from Recordati, Ipsen, Novartis-AAA, as well as research grants from Camurus and Pfizer. D.F. is member of the Editorial Board of Pituitary journal. A.S.T. Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: Springer, Elsevier. The other authors have nothing to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the local Ethical Committee (IRB number 245\/2023).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}