{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T13:49:00Z","timestamp":1792244940325,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006416","name":"Universidade Estadual De Campinas","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pituitary"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dopamine agonists, particularly cabergoline, are the first-line treatment for prolactinomas, but have been associated with impulse control disorders (ICDs). However, data on impulsivity and related behaviors in this population remain limited and inconsistent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate impulsivity and ICDs in patients with prolactinoma treated with cabergoline and to compare these findings with healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case\u2013control study included 131 patients with prolactinoma receiving cabergoline and 131 healthy controls. Impulsivity was assessed using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), and ICDs were evaluated using specific questionnaires addressing hypersexuality, gambling, compulsive shopping, and punding. Multivariable analyses were performed to assess independent associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients treated with cabergoline exhibited higher overall impulsivity, reflected by increased BIS-11 scores and a higher proportion of individuals with increased impulsivity (BIS-11\u2009\u2265\u200960). Attentional impulsivity remained significantly higher in patients after multivariable adjustment. Patients also had more than fourfold higher odds of compulsive shopping compared with controls, whereas no significant differences were observed for other ICDs. Lower educational level was also associated with higher impulsivity across all BIS-11 domains and with compulsive shopping.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with prolactinoma treated with cabergoline exhibit increased impulsivity, particularly in the attentional domain, along with higher odds of compulsive shopping. These results highlight the role of dopaminergic modulation and the influence of sociodemographic factors, supporting the importance of actively assessing impulsivity during clinical follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-026-01728-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T03:51:40Z","timestamp":1784865100000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Increased impulsivity and higher odds of compulsive shopping among cabergoline-treated patients with prolactinoma: a case-control study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Karla Borges","family":"Daniel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Glezer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nara Lima","family":"de Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia Regina","family":"Correa-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00edlia Bortolotto Felippe","family":"Trentin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana Tazima","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina Laguna","family":"Benetti-Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leandro","family":"Kasuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo Andrade Gontijo","family":"Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro Weslley Souza","family":"do Ros\u00e1rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heraldo Mendes","family":"Garmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"1728_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-023-00886-5","volume":"19","author":"S Petersenn","year":"2023","unstructured":"Petersenn S, Fleseriu M, Casanueva FF, Giustina A, Biermasz N, Biller BMK et al (2023) Diagnosis and management of prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas: a Pituitary Society international Consensus Statement. Nat Rev Endocrinol 19:722\u2013740. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41574-023-00886-5","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"1728_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(25)00227-X","volume":"13","author":"M Fleseriu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fleseriu M, Varlamov EV, Akirov A, Langlois F, Petersenn S, Melmed S (2025) Prolactin-secreting adenomas: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 13:874\u2013890. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(25)00227-X","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"1728_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e230502","DOI":"10.20945\/2359-4292-2023-0502","volume":"68","author":"A Glezer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Glezer A, Garmes HM, Kasuki L, Martins M, Elias PCL, Nogueira VDSN et al (2024) Diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia in women: A Position Statement from the Brazilian Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Associations (Febrasgo) and the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SBEM). Archives Endocrinol Metabolism 68:e230502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20945\/2359-4292-2023-0502","journal-title":"Archives Endocrinol Metabolism"},{"key":"1728_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e230504","DOI":"10.20945\/2359-4292-2023-0504","volume":"68","author":"CL Benetti-Pinto","year":"2024","unstructured":"Benetti-Pinto CL, N\u00e1cul AP, Rosa-e-Silva ACJDS, Maciel GAR, Nogueira VDSN, Elias PCL et al (2024) Treatment of hyperprolactinemia in women: A Position Statement from the Brazilian Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Associations (Febrasgo) and the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SBEM). Archives Endocrinol Metabolism 68:e230504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20945\/2359-4292-2023-0504","journal-title":"Archives Endocrinol Metabolism"},{"key":"1728_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.5444","volume":"329","author":"NA Tritos","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tritos NA, Miller KK (2023) Diagnosis and Management of Pituitary Adenomas: A Review. JAMA 329:1386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2023.5444","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1728_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.2007.19.4.473","author":"Pathological Gambling Associated","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pathological Gambling Associated (2007) With Cabergoline Therapy in a Patient With a Pituitary prolactinoma. [Internet]. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/jnp.2007.19.4.473","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"1728_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Weintraub D, Siderowf AD, Potenza MN, Goveas J, Morales KH, Duda JE et al (2006) Association of dopamine agonist use with impulse control disorders in parkinson disease. Arch Neurol 63:969\u2013973. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archneur.63.7.969","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.7.969"},{"key":"1728_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2023.102910","volume":"54","author":"R Hamblin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hamblin R, Karavitaki N (2023) Impulse Control Disorders in Patients with Pituitary Tumors Treated with Dopamine Agonists: A Systematic Review. Arch Med Res 54:102910. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arcmed.2023.102910","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"key":"1728_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111363","volume":"138","author":"P Penchev","year":"2025","unstructured":"Penchev P, Milanova-Ilieva D, Gaydarski L, Husain N, Chenkov Y, Petrov P-P et al (2025) Impulse control disorders in prolactinoma patients treated with dopamine agonists: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. J Clin Neurosci 138:111363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111363","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"1728_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1692","volume":"96","author":"S Melmed","year":"2011","unstructured":"Melmed S, Casanueva FF, Hoffman AR, Kleinberg DL, Montori VM, Schlechte JA et al (2011) Diagnosis and Treatment of Hyperprolactinemia: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism 96:273\u2013288. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2010-1692","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism"},{"key":"1728_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1590\/S0047-20852010000200004","volume":"59","author":"LF Malloy-Diniz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Malloy-Diniz LF, Mattos P, Leite WB, Abreu N, Coutinho G, de Paula JJ et al (2010) Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e adapta\u00e7\u00e3o cultural da Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) para aplica\u00e7\u00e3o em adultos brasileiros. J bras psiquiatr Instituto de Psiquiatria da Universidade Fed do Rio de Janeiro 59:99\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S0047-20852010000200004","journal-title":"J bras psiquiatr Instituto de Psiquiatria da Universidade Fed do Rio de Janeiro"},{"key":"1728_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hinojosa-Amaya JM, Johnson N, Gonz\u00e1lez-Torres C, Varlamov EV, Yedinak CG, McCartney S et al (2020) Depression and impulsivity self-assessment tools to identify dopamine agonist side effects in patients with pituitary adenomas. Front Endocrinol [Internet] Front 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2020.579606","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.579606"},{"key":"1728_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12375","volume":"80","author":"I Bancos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bancos I, Nannenga MR, Bostwick JM, Silber MH, Erickson D, Nippoldt TB (2014) Impulse control disorders in patients with dopamine agonist-treated prolactinomas and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: a case\u2013control study. Clin Endocrinol 80:863\u2013868. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cen.12375","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"1728_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"de Harriet JD, Jentsch (2020) Recent advances in research on impulsivity and impulsive behaviors | Springer Nature Link [Internet]. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-60511-7","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-60511-7"},{"key":"1728_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Klein MO, Battagello DS, Cardoso AR, Hauser DN, Bittencourt JC, Correa RG (2019) Dopamine: Functions, signaling, and association with neurological diseases. Cell Mol Neurobiol 39. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10571-018-0632-3","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-018-0632-3"},{"key":"1728_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.05.050","volume":"666","author":"Y Tadori","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tadori Y, Forbes RA, McQuade RD, Kikuchi T (2011) Functional potencies of dopamine agonists and antagonists at human dopamine D2 and D3 receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 666:43\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.05.050","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"1728_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-013-0480-6","volume":"17","author":"M Barake","year":"2014","unstructured":"Barake M, Evins AE, Stoeckel L, Pachas GN, Nachtigall LB, Miller KK et al (2014) Investigation of impulsivity in patients on dopamine agonist therapy for hyperprolactinemia: a pilot study. Pituitary 17:150\u2013156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11102-013-0480-6","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"1728_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00330-6","volume":"21","author":"D Weintraub","year":"2022","unstructured":"Weintraub D, Aarsland D, Chaudhuri KR, Dobkin RD, Leentjens AF, Rodriguez-Violante M et al (2022) The neuropsychiatry of Parkinson\u2019s disease: advances and challenges. Lancet Neurol 21:89\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00330-6","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1728_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2527","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-02202","volume":"104","author":"SC Dogansen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dogansen SC, Cikrikcili U, Oruk G, Kutbay NO, Tanrikulu S, Hekimsoy Z et al (2019) Dopamine Agonist-Induced Impulse Control Disorders in Patients With Prolactinoma: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism 104:2527\u20132534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2018-02202","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism"},{"key":"1728_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ke X, Wang L, Chen M, Liu S, Yu N, Duan L et al (2022) The side effects of dopamine receptor agonist drugs in Chinese prolactinoma patients: a cross sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord BioMed Cent Ltd 22. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12902-022-01009-3","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-022-01009-3"},{"key":"1728_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-018-1744-8","volume":"62","author":"E Celik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Celik E, Ozkaya HM, Poyraz BC, Saglam T, Kadioglu P (2018) Impulse control disorders in patients with prolactinoma receiving dopamine agonist therapy: a prospective study with 1 year follow-up. Endocrine 62:692\u2013700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-018-1744-8","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"1728_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e108","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz076","volume":"105","author":"SMC De Sousa","year":"2020","unstructured":"De Sousa SMC, Baranoff J, Rushworth RL, Butler J, Sorbello J, Vorster J et al (2020) Impulse Control Disorders in Dopamine Agonist-Treated Hyperprolactinemia: Prevalence and Risk Factors. J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism 105:e108\u2013e118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgz076","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism"},{"key":"1728_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-025-01517-0","volume":"28","author":"R Hamblin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hamblin R, White M, Fountas A, Karavitaki N (2025) Impulse control disorders in patients with pituitary adenoma managed with or without dopamine agonists: a cross-sectional study from a UK centre. Pituitary 28:52. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11102-025-01517-0","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"1728_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13223","volume":"111","author":"A Maraz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maraz A, Griffiths MD, Demetrovics Z (2016) The prevalence of compulsive buying: a meta-analysis. Addiction 111:408\u2013419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.13223","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"1728_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e275","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac718","volume":"108","author":"S Sahin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sahin S, Sudutan T, Kavla Y, Durcan E, \u00d6zogul YY, Poyraz BC et al (2023) A Genetic Assessment of Dopamine Agonist-Induced Impulse Control Disorder in Patients With Prolactinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism 108:e275\u2013e282. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgac718","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism"},{"key":"1728_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2012.04.023","volume":"46","author":"J Chamorro","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chamorro J, Bernardi S, Potenza MN, Grant JE, Marsh R, Wang S et al (2012) Impulsivity in the general population: A national study. J Psychiatr Res 46:994\u20131001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2012.04.023","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"1728_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.054841","volume":"194","author":"S Lee","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lee S, Tsang A, Breslau J, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Angermeyer M, Borges G et al (2009) Mental disorders and termination of education in high-income and low- and middle-income countries: epidemiological study. Br J Psychiatry 194:411\u2013417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.054841","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1728_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.02188","volume":"8","author":"S Buth","year":"2017","unstructured":"Buth S, Wurst FM, Thon N, Lahusen H, Kalke J (2017) Comparative Analysis of Potential Risk Factors for at-Risk Gambling, Problem Gambling and Gambling Disorder among Current Gamblers-Results of the Austrian Representative Survey 2015. Front Psychol 8:2188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.02188","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"1728_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.04.012","volume":"228","author":"A Maraz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Maraz A, Van Den Brink W, Demetrovics Z (2015) Prevalence and construct validity of compulsive buying disorder in shopping mall visitors. Psychiatry Res 228:918\u2013924. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.04.012","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"1728_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e212511","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.2511","volume":"175","author":"D Johnson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Johnson D, Policelli J, Li M, Dharamsi A, Hu Q, Sheridan MA et al (2021) Associations of Early-Life Threat and Deprivation With Executive Functioning in Childhood and Adolescence: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr 175:e212511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.2511","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"}],"container-title":["Pituitary"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11102-026-01728-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11102-026-01728-z","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11102-026-01728-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T17:42:17Z","timestamp":1788457337000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11102-026-01728-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1728"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11102-026-01728-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1386-341X","1573-7403"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1386-341X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7403","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil (CAAE: 46682520.5.0000.5404).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"130"}}