{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T21:45:32Z","timestamp":1780523132104,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698278400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UH3DA050193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH3DA050193"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UG3DA050193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UG3DA050193"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prev Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The opioid and methamphetamine crises in Oregon have a consequential impact on young families, as an increasing number of parents experience substance use disorder (SUD). As parental substance use escalates, the child welfare system (CWS) becomes overwrought with families who have complex needs. The burden placed on families and on the CWS indicates a need for prevention and treatment interventions for parental SUDs. In response to the worst statewide opioid and methamphetamine epidemics in the USA, a Hybrid Type 2 trial of PRE-FAIR\u2014a prevention intervention for parents\u2014is being implemented in five Oregon counties. Establishing strong partnerships within the communities helped identify the need to implement the evidence-based FAIR treatment model alongside PRE-FAIR. A strong focus on implementation includes meeting the needs of communities and establishing the infrastructure necessary for sustainment of the FAIR programs at the provider agencies. Despite implementation efforts to direct toward PRE-FAIR referrals, parents in need of treatment are being referred at a disproportionate rate, as are older parents who fall outside of study-eligibility. Both challenges have delayed the ability to enroll a sufficient number of participants for the prevention trial. This commentary describes the impact of the opioid and methamphetamine epidemics in Oregon as the crises relate to implementing prevention versus treatment interventions\u2014highlighting the importance of addressing community needs and establishing strong partnerships, which has allowed creative strategies to increase PRE-FAIR recruitment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-023-01602-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T14:02:26Z","timestamp":1698328946000},"page":"193-198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Swimming Against the Current: Addressing Community Needs and Establishing Partnerships for the Prevention of Opioid and Methamphetamine use Among Parents"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2052-9166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan R.","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey M.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Saldana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1602_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.689432","volume":"12","author":"G Cruden","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cruden, G., Crawford, S., & Saldana, L. (2021). Prevention adaptation of an evidence-based treatment for parents involved with child welfare who use substances. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 689432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.689432","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"1602_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2014.4.21413","volume":"15","author":"A Edwards-Gaura","year":"2014","unstructured":"Edwards-Gaura, A., Whitaker, D., & Self-Brown, S. (2014). Can social networking be used to promote engagement in child maltreatment prevention programs? Two pilot studies. The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 15(5), 575\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5811\/westjem.2014.4.21413","journal-title":"The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine"},{"key":"1602_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.08.029","volume":"193","author":"MS Ellis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ellis, M. S., Kasper, Z. A., & Cicero, T. J. (2018). Twin epidemics: The surging rise of methamphetamine use in chronic opioid users. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 193, 14\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.08.029","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"1602_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hedegaard, H., Mini\u00f1o, A. M., Spencer, M. R., & Warner, M. (2021). Drug overdose deaths in the United States, 1999\u20132020. NCHS Data Brief, no 428. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15620\/cdc:112340","DOI":"10.15620\/cdc:112340"},{"key":"1602_CR5","unstructured":"Mathews, T. J., & Hamilton, B. E. (2016). Mean age of mothers is on the rise: United States, 2000\u20132014. NCHS data brief, no 232. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics."},{"key":"1602_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2021). Mental health and substance use disorders in the era of COVID-19: The impact of the pandemic on communities of color: Proceedings of a workshop\u2014In brief. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.17226\/26102","DOI":"10.17226\/26102"},{"key":"1602_CR7","unstructured":"Oregon Health Authority. (2022). Unintentional drug overdose in Oregon: The current and potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. CD Summary, 71(2)."},{"key":"1602_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2592","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.689483","volume":"12","author":"L Saldana","year":"2021","unstructured":"Saldana, L., Chapman, J. E., Campbell, M., Alley, Z., Schaper, H., & Padgett, C. (2021). Meeting the needs of families involved in the child welfare system for parental substance abuse: Outcomes from an effectiveness trial of the Families Actively Improving Relationships program. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 2592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.689483","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"1602_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Singh, R. R., & Saldana, L. (2022). How to implement an evidence-based intervention (Weiner, Lewis, & Sherr, Eds.). Springer. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1891\/9780826186935.0008","DOI":"10.1891\/9780826186935.0008"},{"issue":"9","key":"1602_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2925","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-018-1139-8","volume":"27","author":"P Smokowski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Smokowski, P., Corona, R., Bacallao, M., Fortson, B. L., Marshall, K. J., & Yaros, A. (2018). Addressing barriers to recruitment and retention in the implementation of parenting programs: Lessons learned for effective program delivery in rural and urban areas. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27(9), 2925\u20132942. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10826-018-1139-8","journal-title":"Journal of Child and Family Studies"},{"key":"1602_CR11","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). (2022). Community engagement: An essential component of an effective and equitable substance use prevention system. SAMHSA Publication No. PEP22\u201306\u201301\u2013005. Rockville, MD: National Mental Health and Substance Use Policy Laboratory. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration."},{"key":"1602_CR12","unstructured":"United States Department of Health and Human Services. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2021). National Survey on Drug Use and Health. https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/nsduh\/state-reports-NSDUH-2020"},{"key":"1602_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s13722-022-00303-8","volume":"17","author":"SM Walters","year":"2022","unstructured":"Walters, S. M., Bolinski, R. S., Almirol, E., Grundy, S., Fletcher, S., Schneider, J., Friedman, S. R., Ouellet, L. J., Ompad, D. C., Jenkins, W., & Pho, M. T. (2022). Structural and community changes during COVID-19 and their effects on overdose precursors among rural people who use drugs: A mixed-methods analysis. 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The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"The senior author is the developer and implementer of the FAIR programs. FAIR -\u00a0Families Actively Improving Relationships\u00ae\u00a0is trademarked by the Oregon Social Learning Center. This\u00a0paper\u00a0was started at Oregon Social Learning Center and completed at Chestnut Health Systems.\u00a0","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}}]}}