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Studies indicate that psychological interventions (PIs) may improve pain and QoL, yet studies on the effects of PIs for women with endometriosis are sparse and limited by low-quality study designs. Therefore, this study aimed, in a rigorous three-armed design, to evaluate the effect of PIs on chronic pelvic pain (CPP) and QoL in women with endometriosis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This three-armed parallel, multi-center randomized controlled trial included fifty-eight endometriosis patients reporting severe CPP [\u2265\u20095 for pain intensity measured on a 0\u201310-point numeric rating scale (NRS)]. Patients were randomly assigned to (1) Specific mindfulness- and acceptance-based psychological intervention (MY-ENDO), (2) Carefully matched non-specific psychological intervention (Non-specific), or (3) A wait-list control group (WL). The primary outcome was pelvic pain intensity\/unpleasantness measured on NRS. Secondary outcomes included endometriosis-related quality of life, workability, pain acceptance, and endometriosis-related symptoms. Differences in outcomes between groups at post-treatment follow-up were analyzed using mixed linear models. Analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Compared to WL, psychological intervention (MY-ENDO\u2009+\u2009Non-specific) did not significantly reduce pain. However, psychological intervention did significantly improve the QoL-subscales \u2018control and powerlessness\u2019, \u2018emotional well-being\u2019, and \u2018social support\u2019 as well as the endometriosis-related symptoms \u2018dyschezia\u2019 and \u2018constipation\u2019. MY-ENDO was not superior to Non-specific.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Women with endometriosis may have significant and large effects of psychological intervention on QoL despite an ongoing experience of severe CPP.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>12 April 2016, clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02761382), retrospectively registered.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-023-03346-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T00:04:52Z","timestamp":1676592292000},"page":"1727-1744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Psychological interventions improve quality of life despite persistent pain in endometriosis: results of a 3-armed randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct02761382","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0243-7399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K. 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