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Cardinal ME\/CFS symptoms (including post-exertional malaise, cognitive dysfunction and sleep disturbances) have been observed in Post COVID-19 Condition (PCC). To gain further insight into the potential role of ME\/CFS as a post-COVID-19 sequela, this study investigates associations between symptoms and patient-reported outcomes, as well as symptom clusters.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Participants included Australian residents aged between 18 and 65 years formally diagnosed with ME\/CFS fulfilling the Canadian or International Consensus Criteria or PCC meeting the World Health Organization case definition. Validated, self-administered questionnaires collected participants\u2019 sociodemographic and illness characteristics, symptoms, QoL and functional capacity. Associations between symptoms and patient-reported outcomes were investigated with multivariate linear regression models. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to identify symptom clusters.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Most people with ME\/CFS (pwME\/CFS) and people with PCC (pwPCC) were female (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200948\/60, 80.0% and <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200919\/30, 63.3%, respectively; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.12). PwME\/CFS were significantly younger (<jats:italic>x\u0304<\/jats:italic>=41.75, <jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912.91 years) than pwPCC (<jats:italic>x\u0304<\/jats:italic>=48.13, <jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic>\u2009=10.05 years; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=0.017). Autonomic symptoms (notably dyspnoea) were associated with poorer scores in most patient-reported outcome domains for both cohorts. None of the four symptom clusters identified were unique to ME\/CFS or PCC. Clusters were largely delineated by the presence of gastrointestinal and neurosensory symptoms, illness duration, ME\/CFS criteria met and total symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Illness duration may explain differences in symptom burden between pwME\/CFS and pwPCC. PCC diagnostic criteria must be refined to distinguish pwPCC at risk of long-term ME\/CFS-like illness and subsequently deliver necessary care and support.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-024-03794-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T11:02:27Z","timestamp":1727953347000},"page":"3229-3243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A pilot cross-sectional investigation of symptom clusters and associations with patient-reported outcomes in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis\/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Post COVID-19 Condition"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8452-6656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Breanna","family":"Weigel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0815-3162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie","family":"Eaton-Fitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7667-770X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kiran","family":"Thapaliya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9270-2437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonya","family":"Marshall-Gradisnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"3794_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Eaton-Fitch, N., Johnston, S. 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