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HRQoL was measured using the 14- and 19-item versions of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy \u2013 Kidney Symptom Index (FKSI-14\/19) instrument six months after surgery. The association between sex and HRQoL was estimated using linear regression. Separate analyses were performed for the FKSI-14 and FKSI-19 total scores and underlying domains.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 3086 (66.3%) men and 1572 (33.7%) women were included. After adjusting for clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic characteristics, male sex was significantly associated with higher HRQoL. Specifically, men had higher scores, indicating fewer symptoms, for physical and mental symptoms according to FKSI-14 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and for physical (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and emotional (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) disease-related symptoms, as well as treatment side effects (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.022), according to FKSI-19. Total HRQoL was significantly higher in men, according to both the FKSI-14 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and the FKSI-19 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HRQoL differed significantly between men and women six months after surgery, with men reporting higher HRQoL, even after accounting for clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic factors. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the risk of lower HRQoL among female patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-025-04157-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T12:38:29Z","timestamp":1768394309000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sex differences in health-related quality of life after renal cell carcinoma surgery: a population-based study in Sweden"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2219-7970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie E.","family":"Bonn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1280-7560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bodil","family":"Westman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5486-7556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria E. 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