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Community-led virtual primary care services offer an innovative approach to improving access to health care services for Indigenous Australians in rural and remote areas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine age-stratified HRQoL patterns and estimate the lifetime quality-adjusted life year (QALY) loss among Indigenous Australians with chronic conditions enrolled in a rural virtual primary care service.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 75 Indigenous adults residing in rural Queensland. HRQoL was measured using the EQ-5D-5L instrument. Lifetime QALY loss was calculated using Queensland Indigenous life tables and population norms, with sensitivity analyses using Australian norms and varying discount rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall mean utility was 0.775 (SD\u2009=\u20090.246). Age-stratified analysis revealed significant heterogeneity, with three age groups (18\u201354, 55\u201364, 65\u201374 years) demonstrating lower HRQoL than Queensland norms. The 55\u201364 age group experienced poorest HRQoL (utility\u2009=\u20090.701, SD\u2009=\u20090.287) and highest projected lifetime QALY loss (4.44 QALYs undiscounted; 2.63 with 5% discount). In contrast, participants aged 75 years and above exceeded population norms (utility\u2009=\u20090.872 vs. 0.863). Chronic disease burden was associated with HRQoL decline in adults aged 18\u201364 years, while physical activity was associated with higher HRQoL in those aged 65 years and over.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Indigenous Australians aged 55\u201364 years represent a critical priority for virtual primary care interventions. Targeted support strategies for this \u2018at-risk\u2019 age group are essential to address substantial lifetime health burdens and improve long-term outcomes within remote delivery models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-026-04301-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T09:34:10Z","timestamp":1780738450000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Health-related quality of life and lifetime QALY loss among Indigenous Australians with chronic conditions: an age-stratified analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Rezwanul","family":"Haque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Luebbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"McGrail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bushra Farah","family":"Nasir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khorshed","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharine","family":"Wallis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Floyd","family":"Leedie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srinivas","family":"Kondalsamy-Chennakesavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"4301_CR1","unstructured":"AIHW Rural and remote health. 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Estimation of losses of quality-adjusted life expectancy attributed to the combination of cognitive impairment and multimorbidity among Chinese adults aged 45 years and older. 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His involvement in this study was in a governance and advisory capacity, consistent with Indigenous data sovereignty principles and community-partnered research frameworks. FL did not participate in data collection or statistical analysis. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest. The research was conducted independently, and the findings represent the objective analysis of the research team.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the University of Queensland Human Research Ethics Committee (2022\/HE002522).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"182"}}