{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T10:08:03Z","timestamp":1769508483299,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]],"date-time":"2006-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1149120000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Thromb Thrombolysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-006-5709-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,8]],"date-time":"2006-05-08T13:20:48Z","timestamp":1147094448000},"page":"271-276","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":218,"title":["Thrombolytic therapy in pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Georg","family":"Leonhardt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charly","family":"Gaul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hubert H","family":"Nietsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Buerke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ekkehard","family":"Schleussner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"5709_CR1","first-page":"282","volume":"110","author":"EM Antman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Antman EM, Anbe DT, Armstrong PW, et al. ACC\/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to Revise the 1999 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction). Circulation 2004;110:e82\u2013293.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"5709_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.115.6.1695","volume":"115","author":"SM Arcasoy","year":"1999","unstructured":"Arcasoy SM, Kreit JW. Thrombolytic therapy of pulmonary embolism: a comprehensive review of current evidence. Chest 1999;115:1695\u20131707.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"5709_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)02871-1","volume":"41","author":"JS. Alpert","year":"2003","unstructured":"Alpert JS. The thrombosed prosthetic valve: current recommendations based on evidence from the literature. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;41:659\u2013660.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"5709_CR4","unstructured":"Boehringer Ingelheim. Fachinformation (SPC) Actilyse. Oktober 2002."},{"key":"5709_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199609123351102","volume":"335","author":"SJ Kittner","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kittner SJ, Stern BJ, Feeser BR, et al. Pregnancy and the risk of stroke. N Engl J Med 1996;335:768\u2013774.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5709_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2948","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.12.2948","volume":"31","author":"C Jaigobin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jaigobin C, Silver FL. Stroke and pregnancy. Stroke 2000;31:2948\u20132951.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"5709_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)10265-9","volume":"353","author":"IA. Greer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Greer IA. Thrombosis in pregnancy: maternal and fetal issues. Lancet 1999;353:1258\u20131265.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5709_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1177\/003693309604100305","volume":"41","author":"NS Macklon","year":"1996","unstructured":"Macklon NS, Greer IA. Venous thromboembolic disease in obstetrics and gynaecology: the Scottish experience. Scott Med J 1996;41:83\u201386.","journal-title":"Scott Med J"},{"key":"5709_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.2.191","volume":"160","author":"WS Chan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chan WS, Anand S, Ginsberg JS. Anticoagulation of pregnant women with mechanical heart valves: a systematic review of the literature. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:191\u2013196.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"5709_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0304(199709)42:1<38::AID-CCD12>3.0.CO;2-I","volume":"42","author":"MD Webber","year":"1997","unstructured":"Webber MD, Halligan RE, Schumacher JA. Acute infarction, intracoronary thrombolysis, and primary PTCA in pregnancy. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 1997;42:38\u201343.","journal-title":"Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn"},{"key":"5709_CR11","first-page":"107","volume":"16","author":"N Kojima","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kojima N, Naya M, Imoto H, Hara T, Deguchi T, Takahira H. Reproduction study of GMK-527 (rt-PA) - (III) Teratogenic Study in rabbits treated intravenously with GMK-527. Jpn Pharmacol Ther 1988;16:107\u2013123.","journal-title":"Jpn Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"5709_CR12","first-page":"93","volume":"16","author":"M Tanaka","year":"1988","unstructured":"Tanaka M, Mizuno F, Ohtsuka T, Komatsu K, Umeshita C, Mizusawa R. Study in rats treated intravenously with GMK-527 (II) Teratogenicity study in rats treated intravenously with GMK-527. Jpn Pharmacol Ther 1988;16:93\u2013106.","journal-title":"Jpn Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"5709_CR13","first-page":"125","volume":"16","author":"M Tanaka","year":"1988","unstructured":"Tanaka M, Namiki M, Wada Y, et al. Reproduction studies of GMK-527 (rt-PA) - (IV) Perinatal and postnatal study in rats treated intravenously with GMK-527. Jpn Pharmacol Ther 1988;16:125\u2013142.","journal-title":"Jpn Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"5709_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1159\/000057859","volume":"13","author":"M Dapprich","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dapprich M, Boessenecker W. Fibrinolysis with alteplase in a pregnant woman with stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 2002;13:290.","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"5709_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000032492.77156.35","volume":"59","author":"K Elford","year":"2002","unstructured":"Elford K, Leader A, Wee R, Stys PK. Stroke in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in early pregnancy treated with intra-arterial rt-PA. Neurology 2002;59:1270\u20131272.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"S3","key":"5709_CR16","first-page":"A390","volume":"54","author":"A Murugappan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Murugappan A, McAllen K, Coplin W, King J, Redman M, Schwamm L. Thrombolytic Therapy for acute ischemic stroke during pregnancy. Neurology 2000;54(S3):A390","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"5709_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-003-0173-6","volume":"250","author":"SJ Weatherby","year":"2003","unstructured":"Weatherby SJ, Edwards NC, West R, Heafield MT. Good outcome in early pregnancy following direct thrombolysis for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. J Neurol 2003;250:1372\u20131373.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"5709_CR18","first-page":"267","volume":"88","author":"O Azzano","year":"1995","unstructured":"Azzano O, French P, Robin J, et al. [Thrombolytic therapy with rt-PA for thrombosis of tricuspid valve prosthesis during pregnancy]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1995;88:267\u2013 270.","journal-title":"Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss"},{"key":"5709_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/0750-7658(96)82132-0","volume":"15","author":"C Roio Di","year":"1996","unstructured":"Di Roio C, Perrot D, Vedrinne JM, Mellier G, Robin J, Motin J. [Thrombolytic therapy with rt-PA of recurrent thrombosis in tricuspid valve prosthesis during pregnancy]. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 1996;15:666\u2013668.","journal-title":"Ann Fr Anesth Reanim"},{"key":"5709_CR20","first-page":"427","volume":"92","author":"JP Rinaldi","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rinaldi JP, Yassine M, Aboujaoude F, et al. [Successful thrombolysis on an aortic valve prosthesis by plasminogen tissue activator during pregnancy]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1999;92:427\u2013430.","journal-title":"Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss"},{"key":"5709_CR21","first-page":"305","volume":"97","author":"I Sahnoun-Trabelsi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sahnoun-Trabelsi I, Jimenez M, Choussat A, Roudaut R. [Prosthetic valve thrombosis in pregnancy. A single-center study of 12 cases]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 2004;97:305\u2013310.","journal-title":"Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss"},{"key":"5709_CR22","first-page":"257","volume":"31","author":"AH Nassar","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nassar AH, Abdallah ME, Moukarbel GV, Usta IM, Gharzuddine WS. Sequential use of thrombolytic agents for thrombosed mitral valve prosthesis during pregnancy. J Perinat Med 2003;31:257\u2013260.","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"5709_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03013388","volume":"44","author":"M Fleyfel","year":"1997","unstructured":"Fleyfel M, Bourzoufi K, Huin G, Subtil D, Puech F. Recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator treatment of thrombosed mitral valve prosthesis during pregnancy. Can J Anaesth 1997;44:735\u2013738.","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"5709_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340101075","volume":"27","author":"JN Nanas","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nanas JN, Kontoyannis SA, Mitsibounas DN, Stamatelopoulos SF. Thrombolytic treatment for thrombosis of a mitral valve prosthesis during pregnancy. Intensive Care Med 2001;27:1668\u20131669.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"5709_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.11.1221","volume":"162","author":"GS Ahearn","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ahearn GS, Hadjiliadis D, Govert JA, Tapson VF. Massive pulmonary embolism during pregnancy successfully treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator: a case report and review of treatment options. Arch Intern Med 2002;162:1221\u20131227.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"5709_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01711225","volume":"16","author":"T Flossdorf","year":"1990","unstructured":"Flossdorf T, Breulmann M, Hopf HB. Successful treatment of massive pulmonary embolism with recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in a pregnant woman with intact gravidity and preterm labour. Intensive Care Med 1990;16:454\u2013456.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"5709_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1613427","volume":"90","author":"RK Patel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Patel RK, Fasan O, Arya R. Thrombolysis in pregnancy. Thromb Haemost 2003;90:1216\u20131217.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"5709_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1026418","volume":"51","author":"E Seifried","year":"1991","unstructured":"Seifried E, Gabelmann A, Ellbruck D, Schmidt A. [Thrombolytic therapy of pulmonary artery embolism in early pregnancy with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator]. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 1991;51: 655\u2013658.","journal-title":"Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd"},{"key":"5709_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5273(01)00602-7","volume":"82","author":"LB Yap","year":"2002","unstructured":"Yap LB, Alp NJ, Forfar JC. Thrombolysis for acute massive pulmonary embolism during pregnancy. Int J Cardiol 2002;82:193\u2013194.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"5709_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1016\/S1051-0443(07)61566-8","volume":"12","author":"CT Sofocleous","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sofocleous CT, Hinrichs C, Bahramipour P, Barone A, Abujudeh H, Contractor D. Percutaneous management of life-threatening pulmonary embolism complicating early pregnancy. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2001;12:1355\u20131356.","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"5709_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)90706-D","volume":"163","author":"F Baudo","year":"1990","unstructured":"Baudo F, Caimi TM, Redaelli R, et al. Emergency treatment with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator of pulmonary embolism in a pregnant woman with antithrombin III deficiency. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990;163:1274\u2013 1275.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"5709_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1097\/00045415-200211000-00007","volume":"10","author":"P Behrendt","year":"2002","unstructured":"Behrendt P, Schwartzkopff B, Perings S, Gerhardt A, Zotz RB, Strauer BE. Successful thrombolysis of st. Jude medical aortic prosthesis with tissue-type plasminogen activator in a pregnant woman: a case report. Cardiol Rev 2002;10:349\u2013353.","journal-title":"Cardiol Rev"},{"key":"5709_CR33","first-page":"1188","volume":"65","author":"V Stefano De","year":"1991","unstructured":"De Stefano V, Leone G, Teofili L, et al. Hepatic and portal veins thrombosis in a pregnant woman with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and severe thrombocytopenia: efficacy of rt-PA in the treatment of the Budd-Chiari syndrome and successful outcome of pregnancy. Thromb Haemost 1991;65:1188","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"5709_CR34","first-page":"517","volume":"45","author":"A Grand","year":"1996","unstructured":"Grand A, Ghadban W, Perret SP, et al. [Ilio-femoral vein thrombosis treated with tissue plasminogen activator in a pregnant woman]. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 1996;45:517\u2013522.","journal-title":"Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris)"},{"key":"5709_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03530130023023","volume":"274","author":"W Hacke","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hacke W, Kaste M, Fieschi C, et al. Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for acute hemispheric stroke. The European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study (ECASS) [see comments]. Jama 1995;274:1017\u20131025.","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"5709_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)08020-9","volume":"352","author":"W Hacke","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hacke W, Kaste M, Fieschi C, et al. Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of thrombolytic therapy with intravenous alteplase in acute ischaemic stroke (ECASS II). Second European-Australasian Acute Stroke Study Investigators. Lancet 1998;352:1245\u20131251.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5709_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021274","volume":"347","author":"S Konstantinides","year":"2002","unstructured":"Konstantinides S, Geibel A, Heusel G, Heinrich F, Kasper W. Heparin plus alteplase compared with heparin alone in patients with submassive pulmonary embolism. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1143\u20131150.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5709_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.126.3_suppl.549S","volume":"126","author":"V Menon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Menon V, Harrington RA, Hochman JS, et al. Thrombolysis and adjunctive therapy in acute myocardial infarction: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest 2004;126:549S\u2013575S.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"5709_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199512143332401","volume":"333","author":"The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group","year":"1995","unstructured":"The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1581\u20131587.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5709_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.120.1.120","volume":"120","author":"E Hamel","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hamel E, Pacouret G, Vincentelli D, et al. Thrombolysis or heparin therapy in massive pulmonary embolism with right ventricular dilation: results from a 128-patient monocenter registry. Chest 2001;120:120\u2013125.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"5709_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1093\/HUMREP\/11.2.406","volume":"11","author":"NJ Ellish","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ellish NJ, Saboda K, O\u2019Connor J, Nasca PC, Stanek EJ, Boyle C. A prospective study of early pregnancy loss. Hum Reprod 1996;11:406\u2013412.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"5709_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)58144-8","volume":"65","author":"MJ Zinaman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Zinaman MJ, Clegg ED, Brown CC, O\u2019Connor J, Selevan SG. Estimates of human fertility and pregnancy loss. Fertil Steril 1996;65:503\u2013509.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"}],"container-title":["Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11239-006-5709-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11239-006-5709-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11239-006-5709-z","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T11:01:32Z","timestamp":1559386892000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11239-006-5709-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]}},"alternative-id":["5709"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11239-006-5709-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0929-5305","1573-742X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0929-5305","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-742X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]}}}