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Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels after myocardial infarction are associated with heart failure and poor prognosis. Cardiomyocyte microvesicles (CMV) are released during hypoxic conditions and can act as mediators of intercellular communication. MicroRNA (miRNA) are short non-coding RNA which can alter cellular mRNA-translation. Microvesicles (MV) have been shown to contain distinct patterns of miRNA from their parent cells which can affect protein expression in target cells. We hypothesized that miRNA containing CMV mediate hepatic CRP expression after cardiomyocyte hypoxia. H9c2-cells were cultured and murine cardiomyocytes were isolated from whole murine hearts. H9c2- and murine cardiomyocytes were exposed to hypoxic conditions using a hypoxia chamber. Microvesicles were isolated by differential centrifugation and analysed by flow cytometry. Next-generation-sequencing was performed to determine the miRNA-expression profile in H9c2 CMV compared to their parent cells. Microvesicles were incubated with a co-culture model of the liver consisting of THP-1 macrophages and HepG2 cells. IL-6 and CRP expression in the co-culture was assessed by qPCR and ELISA. CMV contain a distinct pattern of miRNA compared to their parent cells including many inflammation-related miRNA. CMV induced IL-6 expression in THP-1 macrophages alone and CRP expression in the hepatic co-culture model. MV from hypoxic cardiomyocytes can mediate CRP expression in a hepatic co-culture model. Further studies will have to show whether these effects are reproducible in-vivo.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-020-02156-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,14]],"date-time":"2020-06-14T09:02:30Z","timestamp":1592125350000},"page":"533-542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cardiomyocyte microvesicles: proinflammatory mediators after myocardial ischemia?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6976-8961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick Malcolm","family":"Siegel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Schmich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Barinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Istv\u00e1n","family":"Bojti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Vedecnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Novita Riani","family":"Simanjuntak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Bode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Moser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karlheinz","family":"Peter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Diehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"2156_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e56","DOI":"10.1161\/cir.0000000000000659","volume":"139","author":"EJ Benjamin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Benjamin EJ, Muntner P, Alonso A, Bittencourt MS, Callaway CW, Carson AP, Chamberlain AM, Chang AR, Cheng S, Das SR, Delling FN, Djousse L, Elkind MSV, Ferguson JF, Fornage M, Jordan LC, Khan SS, Kissela BM, Knutson KL, Kwan TW, Lackland DT, Lewis TT, Lichtman JH, Longenecker CT, Loop MS, Lutsey PL, Martin SS, Matsushita K, Moran AE, Mussolino ME, O'Flaherty M, Pandey A, Perak AM, Rosamond WD, Roth GA, Sampson UKA, Satou GM, Schroeder EB, Shah SH, Spartano NL, Stokes A, Tirschwell DL, Tsao CW, Turakhia MP, VanWagner LB, Wilkins JT, Wong SS, Virani SS (2019) Heart disease and stroke statistics\u20142019 update: a report from the American Heart Association. 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