{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:21:08Z","timestamp":1792783268269,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi","award":["09\/0607(20798)\/2025-EMR-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["09\/0607(20798)\/2025-EMR-I"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/021wm7p51","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India","award":["BT\/PR40161\/BTIS\/137\/32\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/PR40161\/BTIS\/137\/32\/2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03tjsyq23","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transgenic Res"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11248-026-00516-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:41:44Z","timestamp":1791920504000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["CRISPR genome editing in food and feed crops: intellectual property challenges, global accessibility, and the Indian perspective"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Harshit","family":"Mangal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivangi","family":"Mathur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4622-0642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anurag","family":"Chaurasia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soumya","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1509-5634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajiv","family":"Ranjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"516_CR1","unstructured":"Abd-Elsalam KA, Ahmad A (eds.) (2023)\u00a0Global regulatory outlook for CRISPRized plants. Elsevier. eBook ISBN: 9780443184451"},{"key":"516_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003405665-8","volume-title":"Intellectual property issues in life sciences","author":"E Abergel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abergel E (2024) Navigating regulatory challenges and intellectual property rights for gene-edited crops: implications for plant breeders, farmers, and consumers in a changing climate. Intellectual property issues in life sciences. CRC Press, pp 151\u2013165"},{"issue":"4","key":"516_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-024-02187-2","volume":"42","author":"HM Abkallo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abkallo HM, Arbuthnot P, Auer TO, Berger DK, Burger J, Chakauya E, Concordet J-P, Diabate A, Di Donato V, Groenewald J-H, Guindo A, Koekemoer LL, Nazare F, Nolan T, Okumu F, Orefuwa E, Paemka L, Prieto-Godino L, Runo S, Sadler M, Tesfaye K, Tripathi L, Wondji C (2024) Making genome editing a success story in Africa. Nat Biotechnol 42(4):551\u2013554. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41587-024-02187-2","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"516_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1738485","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2026.1738485","volume":"17","author":"A Ahmad","year":"2026","unstructured":"Ahmad A, Faheem M, Ijaz A, Niamat A, Huda NU, Munir A, Al Harrasi A (2026) Beyond GMOs: transgene-free gene-edited crops for global food security. Front Plant Sci 17:1738485","journal-title":"Front Plant Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"516_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1021\/acsagscitech.4c00503","volume":"5","author":"O Akinbo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Akinbo O, Shittu OB, Adetunji CO, Adegbaju MS, Gbodope SI, Ajenifujah-Solebo SO, Kitenge SY, Ratemo BO, Dada SA, Nkhabindze B, Wonni I, Okwuonu I, Karanja J, Acheampong S, Nuaila VNA, Obukosia S, Fotabong E, Ambali A (2025) Advancing policy and science: a game changer in the adoption of genome editing technology in the continent of Africa. ACS Agric Sci Technol 5(7):1215\u20131224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsagscitech.4c00503","journal-title":"ACS Agric Sci Technol"},{"issue":"28","key":"516_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202416331","volume":"12","author":"M Alariqi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alariqi M, Ramadan M, Yu L, Hui F, Hussain A, Zhou X, Yu Y, Zhang X, Jin S (2025) Enhancing specificity, precision, accessibility, flexibility, and safety to overcome traditional CRISPR\/Cas editing challenges and shape future innovations. Adv Sci 12(28):e2416331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/advs.202416331","journal-title":"Adv Sci"},{"key":"516_CR7","volume-title":"Improving Crops for Future Sustainability and Climate Resilience. Sustainability Sciences in Asia and Africa","author":"M Albertsen","year":"2026","unstructured":"Albertsen M, Creasey Krainer KM, Kaplan SL, Mazur BJ, Murphy DJ (2026) Translating resilience to the field: developing crops for extreme climates. In: Varshney RK, Penna S (eds). Improving crops for future sustainability and climate resilience. sustainability sciences in Asia and Africa. Springer, Singapore"},{"issue":"8","key":"516_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biot.202200642","volume":"18","author":"A Ali","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ali A, Zafar MM, Farooq Z, Ahmed SR, Ijaz A, Anwar Z, Abbas H, Tariq MS, Tariq H, Mustafa M, Bajwa MH, Shaukat F, Razzaq A, Maozhi R (2023) Breakthrough in CRISPR\/Cas system: current and future directions and challenges. Biotechnol J 18(8):2200642. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/biot.202200642","journal-title":"Biotechnol J"},{"key":"516_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-032-02409-1_7","volume-title":"Regulation of biotechnological risks in a multi-level system: an analysis of the EU regulation of genome edited plants in light of WTO law and CETA","author":"EAL Andersen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Andersen EAL (2025) The future of genome edited plants in the EU. Regulation of biotechnological risks in a multi-level system: an analysis of the EU regulation of genome edited plants in light of WTO law and CETA. Springer Nature Switzerland, pp 257\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-032-02409-1_7"},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/15353702211052280","volume":"247","author":"E Anklam","year":"2021","unstructured":"Anklam E, Bahl MI, Ball R, Beger RD, Cohen J, Fitzpatrick S, Slikker W Jr (2021) Emerging technologies and their impact on regulatory science. Exp Biol Med 247(1):1\u201375","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"516_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Antons C, Babu AS (2023) Plant variety protection and farmers\u2019 rights in India and Indonesia. In:\u00a0Research handbook on empirical studies in intellectual property law, pp. 74\u201399. Edward Elgar Publishing. ISBN (Electronic) 9781802206210, ISBN (Print) 9781802206203 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4337\/9781802206210.00010","DOI":"10.4337\/9781802206210.00010"},{"key":"516_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsufs.2022.897643","volume":"6","author":"A Anyshchenko","year":"2022","unstructured":"Anyshchenko A (2022) Aligning policy design with science to achieve food security: the contribution of genome editing to sustainable agriculture. Front Sustain Food Syst 6:897643. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsufs.2022.897643","journal-title":"Front Sustain Food Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"516_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42106-026-00434-x","volume":"20","author":"GR Araujo","year":"2026","unstructured":"Araujo GR, da Silva FL, Adegas FS, Velini ED, la Cruz RAD (2026) Brazil as a global leader in soybean production: historical trends, current status, and future perspectives. Int J Plant Prod 20(2):56. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42106-026-00434-x","journal-title":"Int J Plant Prod"},{"key":"516_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-13229-2.00006-5","volume-title":"CRISPRized horticulture crops","author":"A Arif","year":"2024","unstructured":"Arif A, Munir A, Noman M, Munawar N, Abd-Elsalam KA, Qari SH, Ahmad A (2024) Global patent landscape in CRISPR-Cas. CRISPRized horticulture crops. Academic Press, pp 487\u2013506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-443-13229-2.00006-5"},{"issue":"6","key":"516_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13060877","volume":"13","author":"RL Bhardwaj","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bhardwaj RL, Parashar A, Parewa HP, Vyas L (2024) An alarming decline in the nutritional quality of foods: the biggest challenge for future generations\u2019 health. Foods 13(6):877. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/foods13060877","journal-title":"Foods"},{"issue":"3","key":"516_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10014","DOI":"10.70322\/sbe.2025.10014","volume":"3","author":"G Bindal","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bindal G, Rath D (2025) Programmable multiplex genome editing: innovations in CRISPR effectors, crRNA engineering, and delivery strategies. Synthetic Biol Eng 3(3):10014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70322\/sbe.2025.10014","journal-title":"Synthetic Biology and Engineering"},{"key":"516_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-95-0309-4","volume-title":"Next-generation strategies for crop improvement","author":"N Boora","year":"2025","unstructured":"Boora N, Ahlawat Y, Chaudhary D, Jaiwal PK, Kundu S (2025) Next-generation crop improvement: social, ethical, and regulatory perspectives on GMO commercialization and future challenges. Next-generation strategies for crop improvement. Springer Nature Singapore, Singapore, pp 405\u2013445. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-95-0309-4"},{"issue":"4","key":"516_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1080\/09538259.2024.2401480","volume":"37","author":"E Borg","year":"2025","unstructured":"Borg E, Policante A (2025) The gene editing business: rent extraction in the biotech industry. Rev Polit Econ 37(4):1510\u20131545. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09538259.2024.2401480","journal-title":"Rev Polit Econ"},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/21645698.2023.2293510","volume":"15","author":"G Brookes","year":"2024","unstructured":"Brookes G, Smyth SJ (2024) Risk-appropriate regulations for gene-editing technologies. GM Crops Food 15(1):1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21645698.2023.2293510","journal-title":"GM Crops Food"},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/gfs.12557","volume":"77","author":"S Chand","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chand S, Indu Singhal RK, Govindasamy P (2022) Agronomical and breeding approaches to improve the nutritional status of forage crops for better livestock productivity. Grass Forage Sci 77(1):11\u201332","journal-title":"Grass Forage Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"516_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1007\/s12298-025-01611-4","volume":"31","author":"A Chaturvedi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chaturvedi A, Ranjan R (2025) Strategies for plant-virus disease management from gene editing to nanotechnology. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 31(8):1293\u20131308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12298-025-01611-4","journal-title":"Physiol Mol Biol Plants"},{"key":"516_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1038\/529439a","volume":"529","author":"A Chaurasia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chaurasia A (2016) India needs home-grown GM food to stop starvation. Nature 529:439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/529439a","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"8042","key":"516_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-024-03989-9","volume":"636","author":"A Chaurasia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chaurasia A (2024) How CRISPR patent issues block Indian farmers from accessing biotech benefits. Nature 636(8042):277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/d41586-024-03989-9","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"516_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2024.1478398","volume":"15","author":"F Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen F, Chen L, Yan Z, Xu J, Feng L, He N, Guo M, Zhao J, Chen Z, Chen H, Yao G, Liu C (2024) Recent advances of CRISPR-based genome editing for enhancing staple crops. Front Plant Sci 15:1478398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2024.1478398","journal-title":"Front Plant Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"516_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy9050256","volume":"9","author":"CS Christensen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Christensen CS, Rasmussen SK (2019) Low lignin mutants and reduction of lignin content in grasses for increased utilisation of lignocellulose. Agronomy 9(5):256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/agronomy9050256","journal-title":"Agronomy"},{"key":"516_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-63917-3","volume-title":"International regulation of gene editing technologies in crops","author":"LF Clark","year":"2024","unstructured":"Clark LF, Hobbs JE (2024) International regulation of gene editing technologies in crops. Springer, Cham. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-63917-3"},{"key":"516_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.71272","author":"P Das","year":"2026","unstructured":"Das P, Saha R, Panda D, Ghosh C, Avinash SP, Panda S, Baig MJ, Molla KA (2026) AI-designed OpenCRISPR-1 performs robust knockout, base editing, and prime editing in rice. New Phytol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nph.71272","journal-title":"New Phytol"},{"issue":"9","key":"516_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.105012","volume":"25","author":"J de Lange","year":"2022","unstructured":"de Lange J, Nalley LL, Yang W, Shew A, De Steur H (2022) The future of CRISPR gene editing according to plant scientists. iScience 25(9):105012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2022.105012","journal-title":"iScience"},{"issue":"5","key":"516_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1134\/S1021443724607730","volume":"71","author":"EV Deineko","year":"2024","unstructured":"Deineko EV (2024) Modification of the plant genome by genetic engineering methods: directions and ways of development. Russ J Plant Physiol 71(5):155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1134\/S1021443724607730","journal-title":"Russ J Plant Physiol"},{"key":"516_CR30","unstructured":"Desai A (2026)\u00a0Biotechnology for food security. Educohack Press. ISBN: 978-93-6152-883-5"},{"key":"516_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1335901","volume":"11","author":"S Dixit","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dixit S, Kumar A, Srinivasan K, Vincent PM, Ramu Krishnan N (2024) Advancing genome editing with artificial intelligence: opportunities, challenges, and future directions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 11:1335901. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1335901","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"516_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-026-08175-1","volume":"24","author":"W Du","year":"2026","unstructured":"Du W, Zhang T, Guo L, Zheng Y, Zhang H, Zhu X, Tang D, Hu H, Chen L, Liu C (2026) Deep learning\u2013driven prediction of on-target activity, off-target risk, and repair outcomes in CRISPR\/Cas9: current landscape and multi-scale perspectives. J Transl Med 24:769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-026-08175-1","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"516_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2992","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12162992","volume":"12","author":"AW Ebert","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ebert AW, Engels JM, Schafleitner R, Hintum TV, Mwila G (2023) Critical review of the increasing complexity of access and benefit-sharing policies of genetic resources for genebank curators and plant breeders\u2013a public and private sector perspective. Plants 12(16):2992. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/plants12162992","journal-title":"Plants"},{"issue":"10","key":"516_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1080\/14737167.2024.2388814","volume":"24","author":"M Ehman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ehman M, Punian J, Weymann D, Regier DA (2024) Next-generation sequencing in oncology: challenges in economic evaluations. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 24(10):1115\u20131132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14737167.2024.2388814","journal-title":"Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"516_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5083","DOI":"10.3390\/su17115083","volume":"17","author":"O Fajardo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fajardo O, Dorado F, Lora A (2025) The potential for bioeconomy and biotechnology transfer and collaboration between Colombia and China. Sustainability 17(11):5083. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su17115083","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"11","key":"516_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6262","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.70478","volume":"106","author":"L Favaratto","year":"2026","unstructured":"Favaratto L, da Silva ML, Buss DS, Quadros OF, Tapia-Tussell R, Ventura JA, Fernandes PM (2026) The regulatory frameworks surrounding CRISPR-edited papaya and their impact on international commerce. J Sci Food Agric 106(11):6262\u20136270","journal-title":"J Sci Food Agric"},{"key":"516_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2025.1609110","volume":"13","author":"D Fern\u00e1ndez R\u00edos","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez R\u00edos D, Quintana SA, G\u00f3mez Paniagua P, Arr\u00faa AA, Broz\u00f3n GR, Bertoni Hicar MS, Castro Alegr\u00eda A, Goberna MF (2025) Regulatory challenges and global trade implications of genome editing in agriculture. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 13:1609110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2025.1609110","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"516_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/2126734","author":"S Getahun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Getahun S, Kefale H, Gelaye Y (2024) Application of precision agriculture technologies for sustainable crop production and environmental sustainability: a systematic review. Sci World J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2024\/2126734","journal-title":"Sci World J"},{"issue":"2\/3","key":"516_CR39","first-page":"165","volume":"27","author":"PK Ghosh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ghosh PK, Paknikar KM (2025) Genetically modified and genome-edited plants in Indian agriculture: time to revisit policy. Asian Biotechnol Dev Rev 27(2\/3):165","journal-title":"Asian Biotechnol Dev Rev"},{"key":"516_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2023.107268","volume":"162","author":"Y Gong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gong Y, Liu G, Xue Y, Li R, Meng L (2023) A survey on dataset quality in machine learning. Inf Softw Technol 162:107268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.infsof.2023.107268","journal-title":"Inf Softw Technol"},{"key":"516_CR41","unstructured":"Gopala Krishnan S, Hossain F, Thirunavukkarasu N, Vinod KK, Ellur RK, Chinnusamy V, Singh AK (2025) Crop sector.\u00a0Indian Agriculture by 2047: A Roadmap, 28"},{"issue":"3","key":"516_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1089\/b1r.2022.29272.cmh","volume":"41","author":"CM Holman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Holman CM (2022) The Broad Institute scores another victory in its battle with the University of California over the patenting of CRIPSR. Biotechnol Law Rep 41(3):122\u2013137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/b1r.2022.29272.cmh","journal-title":"Biotechnol Law Rep"},{"key":"516_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Honey H, Jain D (2025) Freedom to operate (FTO) Analysis-strategic IP compliance for Indian businesses. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2139\/ssrn.5333135https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=5333135","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.5333135"},{"key":"516_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-95680-2.00027-2","volume-title":"Innovation in nephrology","author":"LW Hope","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hope LW (2025) Licensing\u2014key terms and considerations. Innovation in nephrology. Academic Press, pp 199\u2013205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-323-95680-2.00027-2"},{"key":"516_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10142-024-01314-1","volume":"24","author":"D Hwarari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hwarari D, Radani Y, Ke Y, Chen J et al (2024) CRISPR\/Cas genome editing in plants: mechanisms, applications, and overcoming bottlenecks. Funct Integr Genomics 24:50. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10142-024-01314-1","journal-title":"Funct Integr Genomics"},{"key":"516_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature.2012.10015","author":"K Jayaraman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jayaraman K (2012) India investigates Bt cotton claims. Nature. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature.2012.10015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"516_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1007\/s11248-021-00237-y","volume":"30","author":"OA Jefferson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jefferson OA, Lang S, Williams K, Koellhofer D, Ballagh A, Warren B, Schellberg B, Sharma R, Jefferson R (2021) Mapping CRISPR-Cas9 public and commercial innovation using The Lens institutional toolkit. Transgenic Res 30(4):585\u2013599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11248-021-00237-y","journal-title":"Transgenic Res"},{"key":"516_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.984700","volume":"13","author":"R Jha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jha R, Yadav HK, Raiya R, Singh RK, Jha UC, Sathee L, Singh P, Thudi M, Singh A, Chaturvedi SK, Tripathi S (2022) Integrated breeding approaches to enhance the nutritional quality of food legumes. Front Plant Sci 13:984700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2022.984700","journal-title":"Front Plant Sci"},{"key":"516_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003405665","volume-title":"Intellectual property issues in life sciences: disputes and controversies","year":"2024","unstructured":"Keswani C, Possas C (eds) (2024) Intellectual property issues in life sciences: disputes and controversies. CRC Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1201\/9781003405665"},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14735903.2024.2329388","volume":"22","author":"FU Khan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khan FU, Nouman M, Negrut L, Abban J, Cismas LM, Siddiqi MF (2024) Constraints to agricultural finance in underdeveloped and developing countries: a systematic literature review. Int J Agric Sustain 22(1):2329388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14735903.2024.2329388","journal-title":"Int J Agric Sustain"},{"key":"516_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-91808-4.00002-X","volume-title":"CRISPR-Cas system in translational biotechnology","author":"G Kharkwal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kharkwal G, Kundu MG, Verma D, Mishra S (2024) Commercialization of CRISPR-Cas technology: issues and impact. CRISPR-Cas system in translational biotechnology. Academic Press, pp 57\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-323-91808-4.00002-X"},{"issue":"5","key":"516_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4481","DOI":"10.1007\/s43681-024-00439-0","volume":"5","author":"JJ Kim","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kim JJ, Um RS, Lee JW, Ajilore O (2025) Generative AI can fabricate advanced scientific visualizations: ethical implications and strategic mitigation framework. AI Ethics 5(5):4481\u20134493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43681-024-00439-0","journal-title":"AI Ethics"},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s13237-024-00475-5","volume":"67","author":"A Kumar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kumar A, Subbaiah M, Roy J, Phogat S, Kaushik M, Saini MR, Madhavan J, Sevanthi AM, Mandal PK (2024) Strategies to utilize genome editing for increasing nitrogen use efficiency in crops. Nucleus 67(1):205\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13237-024-00475-5","journal-title":"Nucleus"},{"key":"516_CR54","unstructured":"Kumar, G. (2026). Ethical and regulatory aspects in biotechnology.\u00a0The Biotechnology Career Guide, 313."},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.9787\/PBB.2022.10.1.1","volume":"10","author":"S Lamichhane","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lamichhane S, Thapa S (2022) Advances from conventional to modern plant breeding methodologies. Plant Breed Biotechnol 10(1):1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9787\/PBB.2022.10.1.1","journal-title":"Plant Breed Biotechnol"},{"key":"516_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1226182","volume":"11","author":"M Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee M (2023) Deep learning in CRISPR-Cas systems: a review of recent studies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 11:1226182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1226182","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"issue":"8","key":"516_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113171","volume":"28","author":"K Liao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liao K, Chen K, Ma S, Yang X, Chen P, Li S, Lin Y (2025) exoCasMINI: A T5 exonuclease fused CRISPR-Cas12f system with enhanced gene editing fficiency. Iscience 28(8):113171","journal-title":"Iscience"},{"issue":"5","key":"516_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1039\/d1bm01658j","volume":"10","author":"Y Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin Y, Wagner E, L\u00e4chelt U (2022) Non-viral delivery of the CRISPR\/Cas system: DNA versus RNA versus RNP. Biomater Sci 10(5):1166\u20131192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d1bm01658j","journal-title":"Biomater Sci"},{"key":"516_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48130\/seedbio-0025-0007","author":"W Lin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lin W, Li C, Li M, Guan Y (2025) Emerging nucleases in crop genome editing: towards intellectual property independence and technical flexibility. Seed Biology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48130\/seedbio-0025-0007","journal-title":"Seed Biology"},{"key":"516_CR60","unstructured":"Lopez Noriega I, Rouard M, Halewood M, Hamilton RS (2025) CGIAR capacity sharing with NARS to use digital sequence information in conservation and crop improvement programs. A submission from CGIAR for consideration by the Governing Body of the International Treaty.Montpellier (France): CGIAR. 27 p https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10568\/176624"},{"key":"516_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgeed.2022.892769","volume":"4","author":"Y Lu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lu Y, Happi Mbakam C, Song B, Bendavid E, Tremblay JP (2022) Improvements of nuclease and nickase gene modification techniques for the treatment of genetic diseases. Front Genome Ed 4:892769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fgeed.2022.892769","journal-title":"Front Genome Ed"},{"issue":"3","key":"516_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1177\/00307270241277219","volume":"53","author":"JM Lukasiewicz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lukasiewicz JM, van de Wiel CC, Lotz LA, Smulders MJ (2024) Intellectual property rights and plants made by new genomic techniques: access to technology and gene-edited traits in plant breeding. Outlook Agric 53(3):205\u2013215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00307270241277219","journal-title":"Outlook Agric"},{"key":"516_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0138-7","volume":"37","author":"J Martin-Laffon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Martin-Laffon J, Kuntz M, Ricroch AE (2019) Worldwide CRISPR patent landscape shows strong geographical biases. Nat Biotechnol 37:613\u2013620. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41587-019-0138-7","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"516_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Matthews D (2022) Access to CRISPR Genome Editing Technologies: Patents, Human Rights and the Public Interest. In: Correa CM, Hilty RM (eds) Access to Medicines and Vaccines. Springer, Cham. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-83114-1_4","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-83114-1_4"},{"key":"516_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Matthews D, Ostapenko H (2025) The Patent Governance of Agricultural Genome Editing: A Workshop Report.\u00a0Queen Mary Law Research Paper, (465). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2139\/ssrn.5436674 SSRN: https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=5436674","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.5436674"},{"key":"516_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.586027","volume":"11","author":"J Menz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Menz J, Modrzejewski D, Hartung F, Wilhelm R, Sprink T (2020) Genome edited crops touch the market: a view on the global development and regulatory environment. Front Plant Sci 11:586027. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2020.586027","journal-title":"Front Plant Sci"},{"key":"516_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Minssen T, Skentelbery C (2024) Emerging biotechnologies in Europe: Foresight for policy.PELISSIER, P.-M. editor(s), Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2760\/4814109","DOI":"10.2760\/4814109"},{"key":"516_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Molinari MDC, Pagliarini RF, Florentino LH, Lima RN, Arraes FBM, Abbad SV, ... & Molinari HBC (2024) Navigating the path from lab to market: regulatory challenges and opportunities for genome editing technologies for agriculture.\u00a0Plant genome editing technologies: speed breeding, crop improvement and sustainable agriculture, 25\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-99-9338-3_2","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-99-9338-3_2"},{"key":"516_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-88443-6_18","volume-title":"Patent valuation: economic, financial, and market approaches","author":"R Moro-Visconti","year":"2025","unstructured":"Moro-Visconti R (2025) Patent litigation across jurisdictions. Patent valuation: economic, financial, and market approaches. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, pp 651\u2013680. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-88443-6_18"},{"key":"516_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mustafa Z (2026) Genome Editing and Forage Crops. In: Baloch, FS et al. Forage Crops in the Omics Era. Springer, Singapore. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-95-9249-4_3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-95-9249-4_3"},{"issue":"3","key":"516_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.3103\/s0095452726030072","volume":"60","author":"VD Naumenko","year":"2026","unstructured":"Naumenko VD, Blume YB (2026) Possibilities for application of new genome techniques and regulatory approaches to plant genome editing in some countries of the world. Tsitol Genet 60(3):265\u2013277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3103\/s0095452726030072","journal-title":"Tsitol Genet"},{"key":"516_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nouman Tahir M, Zahra S (2025) Regulatory, biosafety, and ethical perspectives of plant genome editing.\u00a0Genome editing for crop improvement: theory and methodology, 262\u2013273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1079\/9781800622517.0018","DOI":"10.1079\/9781800622517.0018"},{"key":"516_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Olaghere J, Williams DA, Farrar J, B\u00fcning H, Calhoun C, Ho T, ... & Reagan-Udall Foundation for the FDA (2025) Scientific advancements in gene therapies: opportunities for global regulatory convergence. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines13030758","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13030758"},{"key":"516_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-95-5378-5_3","volume-title":"Industrial microbiology and biotechnology: trends in microbial biotechnology","author":"R Paul","year":"2026","unstructured":"Paul R, Krishnan A, Dasgupta A (2026) Omics, CRISPR, and artificial intelligence: the triad revolutionizing bioprocess engineering. Industrial microbiology and biotechnology: trends in microbial biotechnology. Springer Nature Singapore, Singapore, pp 57\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-95-5378-5_3"},{"key":"516_CR75","unstructured":"Peachey R (2026) ICRISAT Secures Gene Editing Deployment License to Strengthen Small Farms, Farmer Profitability Across Asia, Africa. https:\/\/pressroom.icrisat.org\/icrisat-secures-gene-editing-deployment-license-to-strengthen-small-farms-farmer-profitability-across-asia-africa"},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40066-025-00539-y","volume":"14","author":"I Peri","year":"2025","unstructured":"Peri I, Consentino F, Grasso A, Vindigni G (2025) Integrating societal concern into an EU regulatory proposal for new genomic techniques in food crops using association rules. Agric Food Secur 14(1):18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40066-025-00539-y","journal-title":"Agric Food Secur"},{"key":"516_CR77","unstructured":"Pham TTT (2023) Prediction of Protospacer Adjacent Motif (PAM) Dependencies in CRISPR-Cas9 Systems. Master\u2019s Thesis, University of North Texas Health Science Center."},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645698.2025.2610592","volume":"17","author":"Y Qin","year":"2026","unstructured":"Qin Y, Su K (2026) From lab to market: industrialization barriers and regulation optimization for new breeding technologies in China. GM Crops Food 17(1):2610592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21645698.2025.2610592","journal-title":"GM Crops Food"},{"issue":"2","key":"516_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hr\/uhae292","volume":"12","author":"LF Quiroz","year":"2025","unstructured":"Quiroz LF, Khan M, Gondalia N, Lai L, McKeown PC, Brychkova G, Spillane C (2025) Tissue culture-independent approaches to revolutionizing plant transformation and gene editing. Hortic Res 12(2):uhae292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/hr\/uhae292","journal-title":"Hortic Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12863-022-01056-8","volume":"23","author":"O Rawashdeh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rawashdeh O, Rawashdeh RY, Kebede T, Kapp D, Ralescu A (2022) Bio-informatic analysis of CRISPR protospacer adjacent motifs (PAMs) in T4 genome. BMC Genomic Data 23(1):40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12863-022-01056-8","journal-title":"BMC Genomic Data"},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.21494\/ISTE.OP.2025.1339","volume":"5","author":"A Ray","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ray A (2025) The erosion of agrobiodiversity of cotton in India: interplay of politics, science, and technology. Science, Technologie, D\u00e9veloppement 5(1):84\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21494\/ISTE.OP.2025.1339","journal-title":"Science, Technologie, D\u00e9veloppement"},{"key":"516_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ricroch A (2024) CRISPR Processes Patents in Green Biotechnology: Collaborative Licensing Models. In: Ricroch A, Eriksson D, Miladinovi\u0107 D, Sweet J, Van Laere K, Wo\u017aniak-Gientka E (eds) A Roadmap for Plant Genome Editing. Springer, Cham. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-46150-7_27","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-46150-7_27"},{"key":"516_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rodrigues NJP, Azevedo TSS (2026) Licensing and Technology Commercialization: A Literature Review. In: Choudrie J, Tuba E, Perumal T, Joshi A (eds) ICT for Intelligent Systems. ICTIS 2025.(pp. 299\u2013311) Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol 125. Springer, Singapore. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-95-1357-4_24","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-95-1357-4_24"},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23299460.2023.2167572","volume":"10","author":"SL Ruder","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ruder SL, Kandlikar M (2023) Governing gene-edited crops: risks, regulations, and responsibilities as perceived by agricultural genomics experts in Canada. J Responsible Innov 10(1):2167572. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23299460.2023.2167572","journal-title":"J Responsible Innov"},{"issue":"6","key":"516_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-022-00639-1","volume":"65","author":"A Saber Sichani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Saber Sichani A, Ranjbar M, Baneshi M, Torabi Zadeh F, Fallahi J (2023) A review on advanced CRISPR-based genome-editing tools: base editing and prime editing. Mol Biotechnol 65(6):849\u2013860. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12033-022-00639-1","journal-title":"Mol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-023-00722-1","volume":"66","author":"A Sahu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sahu A, Verma R, Gupta U, Kashyap S, Sanyal I (2024) An overview of targeted genome editing strategies for reducing the biosynthesis of phytic acid: an anti-nutrient in crop plants. Mol Biotechnol 66(1):11\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12033-023-00722-1","journal-title":"Mol Biotechnol"},{"key":"516_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1163\/9789004748736_016","volume-title":"The Asian yearbook of human rights and humanitarian law","author":"S Sankrit","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sankrit S, Chhachhar V (2025) Innovative technology, IP transfer and strategic solutions for empowering marginalized communities in crisis: advancing human rights and resilience. The Asian yearbook of human rights and humanitarian law. Brill Nijhoff, pp 423\u2013456"},{"key":"516_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Saraswat P, Chaturvedi A, Ranjan R (2023) Zinc finger nuclease (ZFNs) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) based genome editing. In Plant-derived Anticancer Drugs in the OMICS Era (pp. 281\u2013293). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1201\/9781003377412-11","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003377412-11"},{"key":"516_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Saraswat P, Prasad M, Gupta A, Ranjan R (2022) Genome editing applications in abiotic stress tolerance in plants. In Omics Analysis of Plants Under Abiotic Stress (pp. 55\u201390). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1201\/9781003282761","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003282761"},{"key":"516_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Saraswat P, Singh D, Singh A, Mathur S, Waswani H, Ranjan R (2024) CRISPR\/Cas techniques used in plant disease management. In Biocontrol Agents for Improved Agriculture (pp. 331\u2013351). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-443-15199-6.00007-5","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-15199-6.00007-5"},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s11248-025-00432-1","volume":"34","author":"N Sharma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sharma N, Thakur K, Zinta R, Mangal V, Dalamu TJK, Thakur AK (2025) Genome editing research initiatives and regulatory landscape of genome edited crops in India. Transgenic Res 34(1):13","journal-title":"Transgenic Res"},{"key":"516_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003589914-6","volume-title":"Epigenetic regulations in plants","author":"DL Singha","year":"2026","unstructured":"Singha DL, Gogoi A, Gogoi A, Borah N, Talukdar A, Nath R, Chikkaputtaiah C (2026) CRISPR\/Cas-based epigenetic regulation in plants. Epigenetic regulations in plants. CRC Press, pp 54\u201369"},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.64618\/z3gqsk52","volume":"1","author":"D Sinhmar","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sinhmar D, Purohit R (2025) Patenting life: global perspectives on intellectual property in genetic and biotechnological innovation amidst ethical and legal challenges. Journal on Development of Intellectual Property and Research 1(1):29\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.64618\/z3gqsk52","journal-title":"Journal on Development of Intellectual Property and Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"516_CR94","first-page":"1942","volume":"6","author":"U Srivastava","year":"2023","unstructured":"Srivastava U (2023) Sui Generis Protection to the Plant Varieties, Farmer\u2019s Rights v. Breeder\u2019s Rights: An International Perspective. International Journal of Law Management and Humanities 6(4):1942\u20131952","journal-title":"International Journal of Law Management and Humanities"},{"key":"516_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2023.11.003","volume":"379","author":"U Storz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Storz U (2024) The CRISPR Cas patent files, part 1: Cas9\u2013where to we stand at the 10 year halftime? J Biotechnol 379:46\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2023.11.003","journal-title":"J Biotechnol"},{"key":"516_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Valtere L, Sherkow JS, Minssen T (2025) Intellectual Property, New Genomic Technologies And Plant Innovation: Clearing Innovation Pathways.\u00a0New Genomic Technologies And Plant Innovation: Clearing Innovation Pathways (October 15, 2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2139\/ssrn.5634712","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.5634712"},{"issue":"3","key":"516_CR97","first-page":"292","volume":"30","author":"H van der Meer","year":"2025","unstructured":"van der Meer H (2025) Commercial implications of CRISPR technology: opportunities and ethical challenges. J Commer Biotechnol 30(3):292\u2013302","journal-title":"J Commer Biotechnol"},{"issue":"19","key":"516_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231912053","volume":"23","author":"MA Villalobos-L\u00f3pez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Villalobos-L\u00f3pez MA, Arroyo-Becerra A, Quintero-Jim\u00e9nez A, Iturriaga G (2022) Biotechnological advances to improve abiotic stress tolerance in crops. Int J Mol Sci 23(19):12053. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms231912053","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"516_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biot.70113","volume":"20","author":"Y Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang Y, Phelps A, Godbehere A, Evans B, Takizawa C, Chinen G, Singh H, Fang Z, Du Z-Y, Du ZY (2025) Revolutionizing agriculture with CRISPR technology: applications, challenges, and future perspectives. Biotechnol J 20(9):e70113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/biot.70113","journal-title":"Biotechnol J"},{"issue":"23","key":"516_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11233928","volume":"11","author":"Y Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Y, Zafar N, Ali Q, Manghwar H, Wang G, Yu L, Ding X, Ding F, Hong N, Jin S (2022) CRISPR\/Cas genome editing technologies for plant improvement against biotic and abiotic stresses: advances, limitations, and future perspectives. Cells 11(23):3928. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells11233928","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"3","key":"516_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202304113","volume":"11","author":"Y Wei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wei Y, Jin M, Huang S, Yao F, Ren N, Xu K, Li S, Gao P, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Yang H, Li W, Xu C, Zhang M, Wang X (2024) Enhanced C\u2010to\u2010T and A\u2010to\u2010G base editing in mitochondrial DNA with engineered DdCBE and TALED. Adv Sci 11(3):2304113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/advs.202304113","journal-title":"Adv Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"516_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-026-10248-x","volume":"37","author":"MTJ Wong","year":"2026","unstructured":"Wong MTJ, Zulkifli ND, Ravichandran T, Vasodavan K, Al-Shaibah O, Himel GMS, Achuthan A, Anthonysamy MA, Theva Das K (2026) The evolution of AI-integrated genome editing and its challenges. Mamm Genome 37(1):78. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00335-026-10248-x","journal-title":"Mamm Genome"},{"issue":"3","key":"516_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-024-01390-x","volume":"82","author":"V Yadav","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yadav V, Pal D, Poonia AK (2024) A study on genetically engineered foods: need, benefits, risk, and current knowledge. Cell Biochem Biophys 82(3):1931\u20131946. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12013-024-01390-x","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"516_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ya\u011f\u0131z AK, Yavuz C, Naeem M, Dangol SD, Aksoy E (2022). Genome editing for nutrient use efficiency in crops. In Principles and Practices of OMICS and Genome Editing for Crop Improvement (pp. 347\u2013383). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-96925-7_15","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-96925-7_15"},{"issue":"7","key":"516_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2023.12.008","volume":"42","author":"F Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang F, Zheng K, Yao Y (2024) China\u2019s regulatory change toward genome-edited crops. Trends Biotechnol 42(7):801\u2013806. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tibtech.2023.12.008","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"516_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s13562-012-0128-z","volume":"21","author":"MA Zaidi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zaidi MA, El Bilali J, Koziol AG et al (2012) Gene technology in agriculture, environment and biopharming: beyond Bt-rice and building better breeding budgets for crops. J Plant Biochem Biotechnol 21(Suppl 1):2\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13562-012-0128-z","journal-title":"J Plant Biochem Biotechnol"}],"container-title":["Transgenic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11248-026-00516-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11248-026-00516-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11248-026-00516-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T23:17:42Z","timestamp":1791933462000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11248-026-00516-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"references-count":106,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["516"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11248-026-00516-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-9368"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-9368","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 June 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"41"}}