{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:23:43Z","timestamp":1790555023830,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,8]],"date-time":"2009-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1252368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trop Anim Health Prod"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-009-9455-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,7]],"date-time":"2009-09-07T20:03:23Z","timestamp":1252353803000},"page":"523-530","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A microbiological and serological study of leptospirosis among pigs in the Morogoro municipality, Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Mecku J.","family":"Kessy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Machang\u2019u","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel Senyael","family":"Swai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"9455_CR1","first-page":"1019","volume":"29","author":"O Aslantas","year":"2005","unstructured":"Aslantas, O. and Ozdemir, V., 2005. Determination of the Seroprevalence of Leptospirosis in Cattle by MAT and ELISA in Hatay, Turkey. Turkey Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science, 29,1019-1024","journal-title":"Turkey Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science"},{"key":"9455_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1590\/1808-1657v73p0972006","volume":"73","author":"SS Azevedo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Azevedo, S.S., Soto, R.M., Morais, Z.M., Pinheiro, S.R.,Vuaden, E.R., Batista, C.S.A., Souza, G.O., Delbem, A.C.B., Goncales, A.P. and Vasconcellos, S.A. 2006. Frequency of anti-leptospires agglutinins in sows from a swine herd in the Ibi\u00fana Municipality, State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil. Arquivos do Instituto Biol\u00f3gico, 73, 97-100","journal-title":"Arquivos do Instituto Biol\u00f3gico"},{"issue":"5","key":"9455_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2001.tb12010.x","volume":"79","author":"PF Black","year":"2001","unstructured":"Black, P.F., Corney, B.G., Smythe, L.D., Norris, M.A., Dohnt, M.F., Norris, M.A. and Symonds, M.L., 2001. Prevalence of antibodies to leptospira serovars in beef cattle in central Queensland. Australian Veterinary Journal, 79 (5), 344-348","journal-title":"Australian Veterinary Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"9455_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-2867(96)80029-6","volume":"11","author":"CA Bolin","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bolin, C.A., 1996. Diagnosis of leptospirosis: a reemerging disease of companion animals. Seminars in Veterinary Medicine and Surgery (Small Animal), 11(3), 166-171","journal-title":"Seminars in Veterinary Medicine and Surgery (Small Animal)"},{"key":"9455_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5877(01)00263-X","volume":"53","author":"S Boqvist","year":"2002","unstructured":"Boqvist S., Chau, B.L., Gunnarsson, A., Olsson, E.E., Vagsholm, I. and Magnusson, U., 2002. Animal and herd level risk factors for leptospiral seropositivity among sows in the Mekong delta Vietnam. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 53, 233 - 45","journal-title":"Preventive Veterinary Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"9455_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.54846\/jshap\/461","volume":"14","author":"JA Carpenter","year":"2006","unstructured":"Carpenter, J.A., Scorgie, A. and Josephson, G., 2006. Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona infection associated with carcass condemnation of swine at slaughter. Journal of Swine Health Production, 14 (3),145-148","journal-title":"Journal of Swine Health Production"},{"key":"9455_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.1982.34907","volume":"30","author":"DO Cordes","year":"1982","unstructured":"Cordes, D.O., Carter, M.E., Townsend, K.G., Lewis, S.F. and Holland, J.T., 1982. Leptospirosis: I. Clinical investigation of the infection in dairy cattle in the Waikato district of New Zealand. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 30,122-124","journal-title":"New Zealand Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"9455_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(00)00090-5","volume":"76","author":"ND Coulibaly","year":"2000","unstructured":"Coulibaly, N.D. and Yameogo, K.R., 2000. Prevalence and control of zoonotic diseases: collaboration between public health workers and veterinarians in Burkina Faso. Acta Tropica, 76,53-57","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"key":"9455_CR9","unstructured":"Faine, S., 1982. Guidelines for the control of leptospirosis. Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO Offset Publication 67, 171"},{"key":"9455_CR10","first-page":"296","volume-title":"Leptospira and leptospirosis","author":"S Faine","year":"1999","unstructured":"Faine, S., Adler, B., Bolin, C. and Perolat, P., 1999. Leptospira and leptospirosis. 2nd Edition, (MediSci, Melbourne, Australia), 296","edition":"2"},{"issue":"3","key":"9455_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-84782004000300030","volume":"34","author":"JC Freitas","year":"2004","unstructured":"Freitas, J.C., Gibson da Silva, F., Claret de Oliveira, R., Delbem, A.C.B., Muller, E.E., Alves, L.A. and Teles, P.S. 2004. Isolation of Leptospira species from dogs, bovine and swine naturally infected. Ci\u00eancia Rural, 34(3), 853-856","journal-title":"Ci\u00eancia Rural"},{"key":"9455_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(01)00306-6","volume":"80","author":"FJ Guitian","year":"2001","unstructured":"Guitian, F.J., Garcia-Pena, F., J., Oliveira, J., Sanjuan, M.L. and Yus, E., 2001.Serological study of the frequency of leptospiral infections among dairy cows in farms with suboptimal reproductive efficiency in Galicia, Spain. Veterinary Microbiology, 80, 275-84","journal-title":"Veterinary Microbiology"},{"key":"9455_CR13","volume-title":"A practical guide to the serology and isolation of leptospira","author":"S Herr","year":"1987","unstructured":"Herr, S., Hunter, P. and de lange, J.F., 1987. A practical guide to the serology and Isolation of Leptospira. (Ondestepoort, Republic of South Africa)"},{"issue":"5","key":"9455_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1305.061302","volume":"13","author":"A Jansen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jansen, A., Luge, E., Guerra, B., Wittschen, P., Gruber, A.D., Loddenkemper, C., Schneider, T., Lierz, M., Ehlert, D., Appel, B., Stark, K. and Nockler, K., 2007. Leptospirosis in urban wild boars, Berlin, Germany. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 13(5), 739-742","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"9455_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1006.030660","volume":"10","author":"MAS Johnson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Johnson, M.A.S., Smith, H., Joeph, P., Gilman, R.H., Bautista, C.T., Campos, K.J., Cespedes, M., Klatsky, P., Vidal, C., Terry, H., Calderon, M.M., Coral, C., Cabrera, L., Parmar, P.S. and Vinetz, J.M., 2004. Environmental exposure and leptospirosis, Peru. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 10(6),1016\u20131022","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"9455_CR16","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"DR Knox","year":"2001","unstructured":"Knox, D.R., 2001. SAS Institute\u2019s StatView 5.0.Statistical package. THE Journal, 2, 1-2","journal-title":"THE Journal"},{"key":"9455_CR17","first-page":"606","volume":"155","author":"AL Kocabiyik","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kocabiyik, A. L. and Cetin, C., 2004. Bovine leptospirosis in south Marmara of Turkey: A serological survey. Revue de m\u00e9decine v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, 155, 606-608","journal-title":"Revue de m\u00e9decine v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire"},{"issue":"1","key":"9455_CR18","first-page":"20","volume":"7","author":"RS Machang\u2019u","year":"1985","unstructured":"Machang\u2019u, R.S., 1985. Leptospirosis: current reports on epidemiology in Tropical and sub tropical Africa. Tanzania Veterinary bulletin, 7(1), 20-25","journal-title":"Tanzania Veterinary bulletin"},{"key":"9455_CR19","first-page":"47","volume":"2","author":"RS Machang\u2019u","year":"1996","unstructured":"Machang\u2019u, R.S., Mgode, G. and Kessy, A.J., 1996. Leptospirosis: a public health threat at the Morogoro slaughter house. Tanzania Veterinary Journal, 2, 47","journal-title":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"9455_CR20","first-page":"97","volume":"127","author":"RS Machang\u2019u","year":"1997","unstructured":"Machang\u2019u, R.S., Mgode, G.F., Goris, M.G. and Sondij, S., 1997. Leptospirosis in animals and humans in selected areas of Tanzania. Belgian Journal of Zoology, 127, 97-104","journal-title":"Belgian Journal of Zoology"},{"key":"9455_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsim.2004.02.002","volume":"41","author":"RS Machang\u2019u","year":"2004","unstructured":"Machang\u2019u, R.S., Mgode, G.F., Assenga, J., Mhamphi, G., Weetjens, B., Cox, C., Verhagen, R., Sondij, S., Goris, M.G. and Hartskeerl, R.A. 2004. Serological and Molecular characterization of Leptospira serovar Kenya from captive African giant pouched rats (Cricetomys gambianus) from Morogoro Tanzania. FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology, 41, 117-121","journal-title":"FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology"},{"key":"9455_CR22","unstructured":"Matutu, G., 2004. Seroprevalence of Leptospira antibodies in goats and sheep in Morogoro Municipality. Unpublished BVM dissertation, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania"},{"key":"9455_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.63278-0","volume":"56","author":"GF Mgode","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mgode, G.F., Machang\u2019u, R.S., Goris, M.G., Engelbert, M., Sondij, S. and Hartskeerl, R.A., 2006. New Leptospira serovar Sokoine of serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae from cattle in Tanzania. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 56,593-597","journal-title":"International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology"},{"key":"9455_CR24","unstructured":"Moreira, E.C., 1994. Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de m\u00e9todos para erradica\u00e7\u00e3o de leptospirose em bovinos leiteiros. Evaluation of methods for leptospirosis eradication in dairy cow. Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Minas, Gerais State, Brazil"},{"key":"9455_CR25","unstructured":"Mwakalinga, S., 2002. Prevalence of leptospirosis from pigs in Morogoro Municipality. Unpublished BVM dissertation, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania"},{"issue":"6","key":"9455_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2007.tb03945.x","volume":"51","author":"M Naito","year":"2007","unstructured":"Naito, M., Sakoda, Y., Kamikawa, T., Nitta, Y., Hirose, K., Sakashita, M., Kurokawa, S. and Kida, H., 2007. Serological evidence of leptospiral infection in pig populations in different districts in Japan. Microbiology and Immunology, 51(6),593-599","journal-title":"Microbiology and Immunology"},{"key":"9455_CR27","first-page":"345","volume-title":"Veterinary epidemiology","author":"DV Pfeiffer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pfeiffer, D.V., 1999. Veterinary epidemiology. An introduction. (Epicenter, New Zealand), 345"},{"issue":"4","key":"9455_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2005.08.028","volume":"66","author":"ACF Ramos","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ramos, A.C.F., Souza, G.N. and Lilenbaum, W., 2006. Influence of leptospirosis on reproductive performance on sows in Brazil. Theriogenology, 66(4),1021-1025","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"9455_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.05101-0","volume":"52","author":"S Roy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Roy, S., Biswas, D., Vijayachari, P., Sugunan, A.P. and Sehgal S.C., 2003. Antigenic and genetic relatedness of Leptospira strains isolated from the Andaman Islands in 1929 and 2001. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 52, 909-911","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Microbiology"},{"key":"9455_CR30","unstructured":"Schoonman, L., 2007. Epidemiology of leptospirosis and other zoonotic diseases in cattle in Tanzania and their relative risk to public health. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Reading, UK"},{"key":"9455_CR31","first-page":"51","volume":"53","author":"ES Swai","year":"2005","unstructured":"Swai, E. S., Schoonman, L. and Machang\u2019u, R., 2005. Prevalence and factors associated with bovine leptospirosis in small scale dairy farms in Tanga region, Tanzania. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa, 53, 51-59","journal-title":"Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa"},{"key":"9455_CR32","first-page":"331","volume":"134","author":"JM Vinetz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vinetz, J.M., 2004. Leptospirosis is everywhere; just have to know what to look for. But how? Swiss Medical weekly, 134, 331\u2013332","journal-title":"Swiss Medical weekly"},{"key":"9455_CR33","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO), 2003. Human leptospirosis: guidance for diagnosis, surveillance and control. Geneva: World Health Organization."}],"container-title":["Tropical Animal Health and Production"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-009-9455-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11250-009-9455-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-009-9455-z","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T01:07:24Z","timestamp":1739322444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11250-009-9455-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,8]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]}},"alternative-id":["9455"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11250-009-9455-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-4747","1573-7438"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0049-4747","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7438","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,8]]}}}