{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T14:34:08Z","timestamp":1759847648655,"version":"3.40.3"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]],"date-time":"2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443571200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]],"date-time":"2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trop Anim Health Prod"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-015-0909-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]],"date-time":"2015-09-30T08:24:30Z","timestamp":1443601470000},"page":"1-7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Comparative aspects of immunity and vaccination in human and bovine trichomoniasis: a review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Aspinas","family":"Chapwanya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abubakar Yusha\u2019u","family":"Usman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pete Charles","family":"Irons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"909_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/196046","volume":"18","author":"A Abdolrasouli","year":"2007","unstructured":"Abdolrasouli, A., Amin, A., Baharsefat, M., Roushan, A. & Mofidi, S. 2007.Persistent urethritis and prostatitis due to Trichomonas vaginalis: A case report. The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology \/ AMMI Canada. 18, 5, 308\u2013310.","journal-title":"The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology \/ AMMI Canada."},{"issue":"9","key":"909_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3571","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.9.3571-3575.1996","volume":"64","author":"MC Abraham","year":"1996","unstructured":"Abraham, M.C., Desjardins, M., Filion, L.G. & Garber, G.E. 1996. Inducible immunity to Trichomonas vaginalis in a mouse model of vaginal infection. Infection and Immunity. 64, 9, 3571\u20133575.","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity."},{"key":"909_CR3","first-page":"13","volume":"84","author":"E Aburel","year":"1963","unstructured":"Aburel, E., Zervos, G., Titea, V. & Pana, S. 1963. Immunological and Therapeutic Investigations in Vaginal Trichomoniasis. Rumanian Medical Review, 84, 13\u201319.","journal-title":"Rumanian Medical Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"909_CR4","first-page":"118","volume":"64","author":"JF Alderete","year":"1988","unstructured":"Alderete, J.F. 1988. Does lactobacillus vaccine for trichomoniasis, Solco Trichovac, induce antibody reactive with Trichomonas vaginalis?. Genitourinary Medicine. 64,2, 118\u2013123.","journal-title":"Genitourinary Medicine."},{"issue":"1","key":"909_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_17010069.x","volume":"17","author":"JF Alderete","year":"1995","unstructured":"Alderete, J.F., O'Brien, J.L., Arroyo, R., Engbring, J.A., Musatovova, O., Lopez, O., Lauriano, C. & Nguyen, J. 1995. Cloning and molecular characterization of two genes encoding adhesion proteins involved in Trichomonas vaginalis cytoadherence. Molecular Microbiology. 17, 1, 69\u201383.","journal-title":"Molecular Microbiology."},{"issue":"4","key":"909_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.1999.0336","volume":"28","author":"ME Alvarez-Sanchez","year":"2000","unstructured":"Alvarez-Sanchez, M.E., Avila-Gonzalez, L., Becerril-Garcia, C., Fattel-Facenda, L.V., Ortega-Lopez, J. & Arroyo, R. 2000. A novel cysteine proteinase (CP65) of Trichomonas vaginalis involved in cytotoxicity. Microbial Pathogenesis. 28, 4, 193\u2013202.","journal-title":"Microbial Pathogenesis."},{"issue":"4","key":"909_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.2307\/3283783","volume":"82","author":"ML Anderson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Anderson, M.L., BonDurant, R.H., Corbeil, R.R. & Corbeil, L.B. 1996. Immune and inflammatory responses to reproductive tract infection with Tritrichomonas foetus in immunized and control heifers. Journal of Parasitology. 82, 4, 594\u2013600.","journal-title":"Journal of Parasitology."},{"issue":"4","key":"909_CR8","first-page":"361","volume":"26","author":"R Arroyo","year":"1995","unstructured":"Arroyo, R., Engbring, J., Nguyen, J., Musatovova, O., Lopez, O., Lauriano, C. & Alderete, J.F. 1995. Characterization of cDNAs encoding adhesin proteins involved in Trichomonas vaginalis cytoadherence. Archives of Medical Research. 26. 4, 361\u2013369.","journal-title":"Archives of Medical Research"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"909_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S160","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir705","volume":"53","author":"LH Bachmann","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bachmann, L.H., Hobbs, M.M., Sena, A.C., Sobel, J.D., Schwebke, J.R., Krieger, J.N., McClelland, R.S. & Workowski, K.A. 2011. Trichomonas vaginalis genital infections: progress and challenges. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 53, Suppl 3, S160-72.","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases."},{"issue":"20","key":"909_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.120.20.483","volume":"120","author":"EK Bawa","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bawa, E.K., Voh, A.A., Oyedipe, E.O., Adekeye, J.O., Dawuda, P.M. & Rekwot, P.I. 1987. Campylobacteriosis and bovine infertility and abortion in an artificial insemination programme in Nigeria. Veterinary Record. 120, 20, 483.","journal-title":"Veterinary Record."},{"key":"909_CR11","unstructured":"Benchimol, M. 2009. The cytoskeleton of trichomonads, in: Trends in Cell and Molecular Biology, 4 Research Trends, Trivandrum, 25\u201339."},{"issue":"3","key":"909_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.04.011","volume":"140","author":"M Benchimol","year":"2006","unstructured":"Benchimol, M., Dias, A.B. & Fontes, R. 2006. Interaction of Tritrichomonas foetus and the bovine oviduct in an organ culture model. Veterinary Parasitology. 140,3, 244\u2013250.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology."},{"key":"909_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bergen, M.A.P., Linnane, S., Putten, J.P.M. & Wagenaar, J.A. 2005. Global detection and identification of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis Revue Scientifique et Technique - Office International des \u00c9pizooties. 24, 3, 1017\u20131026.","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.24.3.1629"},{"issue":"2","key":"909_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0720(15)30346-7","volume":"13","author":"RH BonDurant","year":"1997","unstructured":"BonDurant, R.H. 1997. Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of Trichomoniasis in cattle. The Veterinary clinics of North America Food Animal Practice. 13, 2, 345\u2013361.","journal-title":"The Veterinary clinics of North America Food Animal Practice."},{"issue":"2","key":"909_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2005.03.002","volume":"21","author":"RH Bondurant","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bondurant, R.H. 2005. Venereal diseases of cattle: natural history, diagnosis, and the role of vaccines in their control. The Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice. 21, 2, 383\u2013408.","journal-title":"The Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice."},{"key":"909_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4,1385","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.61.4.1385-1394.1993","volume":"61","author":"RH BonDurant","year":"1993","unstructured":"BonDurant, R.H., Corbeil, R.R. & Corbeil, L.B. 1993. Immunization of virgin cows with surface antigen TF1.17 of Tritrichomonas foetus. Infection and Immunity. 61, 4,1385-1394.","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"issue":"4","key":"909_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.3.4.432-437.1996","volume":"3","author":"RH BonDurant","year":"1996","unstructured":"BonDurant, R.H., Hoosear, K.A., Corbeil, L.B. & Bernoco, D. 1996. Serological response to in vitro-shed antigen(s) of Tritrichomonas foetus in cattle. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology. 3, 4, 432\u2013437.","journal-title":"Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology."},{"issue":"6","key":"909_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870301500613","volume":"15","author":"RH BonDurant","year":"2003","unstructured":"BonDurant, R.H., Campero, C.M., Anderson, M.L. & Hoosear, K.A. 2003. Detection of Tritrichomonas foetus by polymerase chain reaction in cultured isolates, cervicovaginal mucus, and formalin-fixed tissues from infected heifers and fetuses. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 15, 6, 579\u2013584.","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation."},{"issue":"10","key":"909_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e318224db39","volume":"38","author":"EA Bosserman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bosserman, E.A., Helms, D.J., Mosure, D.J., Secor, W.E. & Workowski, K.A. 2011. Utility of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing in Trichomonas vaginalis-Infected Women With Clinical Treatment Failure. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 38, 10, 983\u2013987.","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases."},{"key":"909_CR20","unstructured":"Brugerolle, G. & Lee, J.J. 2000. Phylum Parabasalia, in: Lee, J.J., G.F. Leedale & P. Bradbury, 2nd edn, Allen Press, Lawrence. p, pp.1196-1250."},{"issue":"2","key":"909_CR21","first-page":"47","volume":"87","author":"CM Campero","year":"2006","unstructured":"Campero, C.M. & Cobo, E.R. 2006. Tritrichomonas foetus: pathogenesis of embryo\/fetal mortality, antigenic vaccine characterization and immune induced response. Revista de Medicina Veterinaria (Buenos Aires). 87, 2, 47\u201356.","journal-title":"Revista de Medicina Veterinaria (Buenos Aires)."},{"issue":"154","key":"909_CR22","first-page":"250","volume":"16","author":"CM Campero","year":"1999","unstructured":"Campero, C.M., Rossetti, O., Medina, D., Bretschneider, G. & Roppel, M.K. 1999. Immunization of heifers with a Tritrichomonas foetus membrane vaccine. Veterinaria Argentina. 16, 154, 250\u2013262.","journal-title":"Veterinaria Argentina."},{"key":"909_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chang, J. H., Ryang, Y.S., Morio, T., Lee, S.K., & Chang, E.J. 2004. Trichomonas vaginalis inhibits proinflammatory cytokine production in macrophages by suppressing NF-kappaB activation. Molecules and Cells. 18, 2, 177\u2013785.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1016-8478(23)13099-8"},{"issue":"3","key":"909_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1983.tb05873.x","volume":"60","author":"BL Clark","year":"1983","unstructured":"Clark, B.L., Dufty, J.H. & Parsonson, I.M. 1983a.The effect of Tritrichomonas foetus infection on calving rates in beef cattle. Australian Veterinary Journal. 60, 3, 71\u201374.","journal-title":"Australian Veterinary Journal."},{"issue":"6","key":"909_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1983.tb05957.x","volume":"60","author":"BL Clark","year":"1983","unstructured":"Clark, B.L., Dufty, J.H. & Parsonson, I.M. 1983b. Immunisation of bulls against trichomoniasis. Australian Veterinary Journal. 60, 6, 178\u2013179.","journal-title":"Australian Veterinary Journal."},{"issue":"2","key":"909_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.10.039","volume":"28","author":"ER Cobo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cobo, E.R., Corbeil, L.B., Gershwin, L.J. & BonDurant, R.H. 2010. Preputial cellular and antibody responses of bulls vaccinated and\/or challenged with Tritrichomonas foetus. Vaccine, 28, 2, 361\u2013670.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1","key":"909_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2011.02.002","volume":"89","author":"ER Cobo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cobo, E.R., Corbeil, L.B. & BonDurant, R.H. 2011. Immunity to infections in the lower genital tract of bulls. Journal of Reproductive Immunology, 89, 1, 55\u201361.","journal-title":"Journal of Reproductive Immunology"},{"issue":"4","key":"909_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.11-0123","volume":"85","author":"ER Cobo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cobo, E.R., Eckmann, L. & Corbeil, L.B. 2011. Murine models of vaginal trichomonad infections. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 85, 4, 667\u2013673.","journal-title":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene."},{"issue":"3","key":"909_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4758(94)90009-4","volume":"10","author":"LB Corbeil","year":"1994","unstructured":"Corbeil, L.B. 1994. Vaccination strategies against Tritrichomonas foetus. Parasitology today (Personal ed.), 10, 3, 103\u2013106.","journal-title":"Parasitology today (Personal ed.)"},{"issue":"3","key":"909_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1998.tb00353.x","volume":"39","author":"LB Corbeil","year":"1998","unstructured":"Corbeil, L.B., Anderson, M.L., Corbeil, R.R., Eddow, J.M. & BonDurant, R.H. 1998. Female reproductive tract immunity in bovine trichomoniasis. American Journal of Reproductive Immunology (New York, N.Y.: 1989). 39, 3, 189\u2013198.","journal-title":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology (New York, N.Y.: 1989)"},{"key":"909_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-1-118","volume":"1","author":"LB Corbeil","year":"2003","unstructured":"Corbeil, L.B., Campero, C.M., Rhyan, J.C. & BonDurant, R.H. 2003. Vaccines against sexually transmitted diseases. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 1, 118.","journal-title":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology."},{"key":"909_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corbeil, L.B., Campero, C.M., Hoosear, K.V. & BonDurant, R.H. 2008. Detection of trichomonad species in the reproductive tracts of breeding and virgin bulls. Veterinary Parasitology. 154, 226\u2013232.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.03.014"},{"issue":"2","key":"909_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2010.01.003","volume":"3","author":"SL Cudmore","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cudmore, S.L. & Garber, G.E. 2010. Prevention or treatment: the benefits of Trichomonas vaginalis vaccine. Journal of Infection and Public Health. 3, 2, 47\u201353.","journal-title":"Journal of Infection and Public Health."},{"issue":"7","key":"909_CR34","first-page":"505","volume":"50","author":"P Demes","year":"1985","unstructured":"Demes, P., Gombosova, A. & Valent, M. 1985. SolcoTrichovac\u2014a new trend in the immunotherapy of urogenital trichomoniasis? Czech Republic Gynaecology. 50, 7, 505\u2013509.","journal-title":"Czech Republic Gynaecology."},{"issue":"13","key":"909_CR35","first-page":"407","volume":"130","author":"T Dijkstra","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dijkstra, T., Wagenaar, J.A., Visser, I.J., van Bergen, M.A., Pastoor, P.W., Strampel, J. & Kock, P.A. 2005. Campylobacter as a venereal disease in cattle. Tijdschrift Voor Diergeneeskunde. 130, 13, 407\u2013408.","journal-title":"Tijdschrift Voor Diergeneeskunde."},{"issue":"12","key":"909_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.119.12.299","volume":"119","author":"MD Eaglesome","year":"1986","unstructured":"Eaglesome, M.D., Garcia, M.M., Hawkins, C.F. & Alexander, F.C. 1986. Vaccination studies for the control of campylobacteriosis in Jamaican cattle. The Veterinary Record. 119, 12, 299\u2013301.","journal-title":"The Veterinary Record."},{"key":"909_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fitzgerald, P.R. 1986. Bovine trichomoniasis. The Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice. 2, 2, 277\u2013282.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0720(15)31237-8"},{"issue":"11","key":"909_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.28.11.2415-2417.1990","volume":"28","author":"GE Garber","year":"1990","unstructured":"Garber, G.E. & Lemchuk-Favel, L.T. 1990. Association of production of cell-detaching factor with the clinical presentation of Trichomonas vaginalis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 28,11, 2415\u20132417.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology."},{"issue":"1","key":"909_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.51.1.250-253.1986","volume":"51","author":"GE Garber","year":"1986","unstructured":"Garber, G.E., Proctor, E.M. & Bowie, W.R. 1986. Immunogenic proteins of Trichomonas vaginalis as demonstrated by the immunoblot technique. Infection and Immunity. 51, 1, 250\u2013253.","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity."},{"issue":"7","key":"909_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.27.7.1548-1553.1989","volume":"27","author":"GE Garber","year":"1989","unstructured":"Garber, G.E., Lemchuk-Favel, L.T. & Bowie, W.R. 1989. Isolation of a cell-detaching factor of Trichomonas vaginalis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 27, 7, 1548\u20131553.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology."},{"issue":"4","key":"909_CR41","first-page":"42","volume":"33","author":"EM Garcia Vega","year":"2010","unstructured":"Garcia Vega, E.M. & Puigvert Viu, N. 2010. Sexual transmission infections. Revista de Enfermeria (Barcelona, Spain). 33, 4, 42\u201346.","journal-title":"Revista de Enfermeria (Barcelona, Spain)."},{"issue":"7","key":"909_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4200","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.7.4200-4206.2000","volume":"68","author":"RO Gilbert","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gilbert, R.O., Elia, G., Beach, D.H., Klaessig, S. & Singh, B.N. 2000. Cytopathogenic effect of Trichomonas vaginalis on human vaginal epithelial cells cultured in vitro. Infection and Immunity. 68, 7, 4200\u20134206.","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity."},{"issue":"2","key":"909_CR43","first-page":"107","volume":"62","author":"A Gombosova","year":"1986","unstructured":"Gombosova, A., Demes, P. & Valent, M. 1986. Immunotherapeutic effect of the lactobacillus vaccine, Solco Trichovac, in trichomoniasis is not mediated by antibodies cross reacting with Trichomonas vaginalis. Genitourinary Medicine. 62, 2,107-110.","journal-title":"Genitourinary Medicine."},{"issue":"5","key":"909_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1550-7408.1995.tb05921.x","volume":"42","author":"A Gonzalez-Robles","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Robles, A., Lazaro-Haller, A., Espinosa-Cantellano, M., Anaya-Velazquez, F. & Martinez-Palomo, A. 1995. Trichomonas vaginalis: ultrastructural bases of the cytopathic effect. The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 42,5, 641\u2013651.","journal-title":"The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology."},{"issue":"3","key":"909_CR45","first-page":"193","volume":"52","author":"B Guerrero","year":"1987","unstructured":"Guerrero, B., Millan, R., Jorquera, A. & Faundez, R. 1987. Vaccination with SolcoTrichovac in vaginal trichomoniasis. Revista Chilena de Obstetricia Ginecologia. 52, 3, 193\u2013197.","journal-title":"Revista Chilena de Obstetricia Ginecologia."},{"issue":"1","key":"909_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-2078-5","volume":"108","author":"HM Hernandez","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hernandez, H.M., Sariego, I., Alvarez, A.B., Marcet, R., Vancol, E., Alvarez, A., Figueredo, M. & Sarracent, J. 2011. Trichomonas vaginalis 62 kDa proteinase as a possible virulence factor. Parasitology Research. 108,1, 241\u2013245.","journal-title":"Parasitology Research."},{"issue":"1","key":"909_CR47","first-page":"41","volume":"58","author":"S Herr","year":"1991","unstructured":"Herr, S., Ribeiro, L.M.M., Claassen, E. & Myburgh, J.G. 1991. A reduction in the duration of infection with Tritrichomonas foetus following vaccination in heifers and the failure to demonstrate a curative effect in infected bulls. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research. 58, 1, 41\u201345.","journal-title":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research."},{"key":"909_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-391429-3.00006-X","volume":"77","author":"RP Hirt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hirt, R.P., de Miguel, N., Nakjang, S., Dessi, D., Liu, Y.C., Diaz, N., Rappelli, P., Acosta-Serrano, A., Fiori, P.L. & Mottram, J.C. 2011. Trichomonas vaginalis pathobiology new insights from the genome sequence. Advances in Parasitology. 77, 87\u2013140.","journal-title":"Advances in Parasitology."},{"issue":"9","key":"909_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3078","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.58.9.3078-3083.1990","volume":"58","author":"JL Hodgson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hodgson, J.L., Jones, D.W., Widders, P.R. & Corbeil, L.B. 1990. Characterization of Tritrichomonas foetus antigens by use of monoclonal antibodies. Infection and Immunity. 58, 9,3078-3083.","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity."},{"issue":"11","key":"909_CR50","first-page":"327","volume":"22","author":"MA Hoffer","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hoffer, M.A. 1981. Bovine campylobacteriosis: a review. The Canadian Veterinary Journal. 22, 11,327-330.","journal-title":"The Canadian Veterinary Journal."},{"key":"909_CR51","volume-title":"Trichomonads of veterinary importance","author":"BM Honigberg","year":"1978","unstructured":"Honigberg, B.M. 1978. Trichomonads of veterinary importance. Academic Press, Inc, New York, USA & London."},{"issue":"4","key":"909_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(93)90431-4","volume":"39","author":"DB Hudson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hudson, D.B., Ball, L., Cheney, J.M., Mortimer, R.G., Bowen, R.A., Marsh, D.J. & Peetz, R.H. 1993. Testing of trichomoniasis vaccine in heifers mated to infected bulls. Theriogenology. 39, 4, 937\u2013943.","journal-title":"Theriogenology."},{"issue":"10","key":"909_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1987.tb07343.x","volume":"64","author":"S Hum","year":"1987","unstructured":"Hum, S. 1987. Bovine abortion due to Campylobacter fetus. Australian Veterinary Journal, vol. 64, no. 10, pp. 319\u2013320.","journal-title":"Australian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"909_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hum, S. (ed) 1996, Bovine venereal campylobacteriosis: A diagnostic and economic perspective, In: Newell, DG;JM Ketley; RA Feldman, Eds. Campylobacter, Helicobacters and related organisms, 1st edn, plenum press, New York.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-9558-5_63"},{"issue":"5","key":"909_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.5.1158-1163.1995","volume":"33","author":"JS Ikeda","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ikeda, J.S., BonDurant, R.H. & Corbeil, L.B. 1995. Bovine vaginal antibody responses to immunoaffinity-purified surface antigen of Tritrichomonas foetus. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 33, 5, 1158\u20131163.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology."},{"key":"909_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kennett, M.J. & Hook, R.R., J. 2002. Tritrichomonas foetus: characterization of isolates and partial purification of a secreted cytotoxin. Experimental Parasitology. 102,1, 1\u20138.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4894(02)00139-X"},{"issue":"2","key":"909_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199503000-00003","volume":"22","author":"JN Krieger","year":"1995","unstructured":"Krieger, J.N. 1995. Trichomoniasis in men: old issues and new data. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 22, 2, 83\u201396.","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases."},{"issue":"2","key":"909_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(98)00155-6","volume":"29","author":"J Kulda","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kulda, J. 1999. Trichomonads, hydrogenosomes and drug resistance. International Journal for Parasitology. 29, 2,199-212.","journal-title":"International Journal for Parasitology."},{"issue":"11","key":"909_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1992.53.11.2023","volume":"53","author":"WG Kvasnicka","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kvasnicka, W.G., Hanks, D., Huang, J.C., Hall, M.R., Sandblom, D., Chu, H.J., Chavez, L. & Acree, W.M. 1992. Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of inoculating cattle with a vaccine containing Tritrichomonas foetus. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 53, 11, 2023\u20132027.","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research."},{"issue":"4","key":"909_CR60","first-page":"264","volume":"63","author":"JG Langley","year":"1987","unstructured":"Langley, J.G., Goldsmid, J.M. and Davies, N. 1987. Venereal trichomoniasis: role of men. Genitourinary Medicine. 63(4): 264\u2013267.","journal-title":"Genitourinary Medicine."},{"issue":"7","key":"909_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2010.010066","volume":"21","author":"MC Le Roux","year":"2010","unstructured":"Le Roux, M.C., Ramoncha, M.R., Adam, A. & Hoosen, A.A. 2010. Aetiological agents of urethritis in symptomatic South African men attending a family practice. International Journal of STD & AIDS. 21, 7, 477\u2013481.","journal-title":"International Journal of STD & AIDS."},{"issue":"3","key":"909_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(84)90041-9","volume":"58","author":"BC Lockwood","year":"1984","unstructured":"Lockwood, B.C., North, M.J. & Coombs, G.H. 1984. Trichomonas vaginalis, Tritrichomonas foetus, and Trichomitus batrachorum: comparative proteolytic activity. Experimental Parasitology. 58, 3, 245\u2013253.","journal-title":"Experimental Parasitology."},{"issue":"2","key":"909_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2008.05.018","volume":"477","author":"JJ Lucas","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lucas, J.J., Hayes, G.R., Kalsi, H.K., Gilbert, R.O., Choe, Y., Craik, C.S. & Singh, B.N. 2008. Characterization of a cysteine protease from Tritrichomonas foetus that induces host-cell apoptosis. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 477, 2, 239\u2013243.","journal-title":"Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics."},{"issue":"1","key":"909_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-2222-2","volume":"109","author":"L Ma","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ma, L., Meng, Q., Cheng, W., Sung, Y., Tang, P., Hu, S. & Yu, J. 2011. Involvement of the GP63 protease in infection of Trichomonas vaginalis. Parasitology Research. 109, 1, 71\u201379.","journal-title":"Parasitology Research."},{"issue":"1\u20136","key":"909_CR65","first-page":"3","volume":"70","author":"MG Martinotti","year":"1977","unstructured":"Martinotti, M.G., Cagliani, I., Lattes, C. & Cappuccinelli, P. 1977. Immune response and degree of protection in mice immunized with Trichomonas vaginalis antigen. Giornale di Batteriologia, Virologia Ed Immunologia. 70, 1\u20136, 3\u201312.","journal-title":"Giornale di Batteriologia, Virologia Ed Immunologia."},{"issue":"7","key":"909_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181cfcc4b","volume":"37","author":"SN Mavedzenge","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mavedzenge, S.N., Pol, B., Cheng, H., Montgomery, E.T., Blanchard, K., Bruyn, G., Ramjee, G. & Straten, A. 2010. Epidemiological synergy of Trichomonas vaginalis and HIV in Zimbabwean and South African Women. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 37, 7, 460\u2013466.","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases."},{"issue":"6","key":"909_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(92)91746-W","volume":"167","author":"JA McGregor","year":"1992","unstructured":"McGregor, J.A., French, J.I., Jones, W., Parker, R., Patterson, E. & Draper, D. 1992. Association of cervicovaginal infections with increased vaginal fluid phospholipase A2 activity. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 167, 6, 1588\u20131594.","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology."},{"issue":"9","key":"909_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4907","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.9.4907-4912.2000","volume":"68","author":"MR Mendoza-Lopez","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mendoza-Lopez, M.R., Becerril-Garcia, C., Fattel-Facenda, L.V., Avila-Gonzalez, L., Ruiz-Tachiquin, M.E., Ortega-Lopez, J. & Arroyo, R. 2000. CP30, a cysteine proteinase involved in Trichomonas vaginalis cytoadherence. Infection and Immunity. 68, 9, 4907\u20134912.","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity."},{"issue":"1","key":"909_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2307\/3283708","volume":"78","author":"KC Meysick","year":"1992","unstructured":"Meysick, K.C. & Garber, G.E. 1992. Interactions between Trichomonas vaginalis and vaginal flora in a mouse model. The Journal of Parasitology. 78,1, 157\u2013160.","journal-title":"The Journal of Parasitology."},{"issue":"1","key":"909_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182009991041","volume":"137","author":"V Midlej","year":"2010","unstructured":"Midlej, V. & Benchimol, M. 2010. Trichomonas vaginalis kills and eats\u2014evidence for phagocytic activity as a cytopathic effect. Parasitology. 137, 1, 65\u201376.","journal-title":"Parasitology."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"909_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.07.021","volume":"165","author":"V Midlej","year":"2009","unstructured":"Midlej, V., Vilela, R., Dias, A.B. & Benchimol, M. 2009. Cytopathic effects of Tritrichomonas foetus on bovine oviduct cells. Veterinary Parasitology. 165, 3\u20134, 216\u2013230.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"909_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1159\/000269592","volume":"23","author":"R Milovanovic","year":"1983","unstructured":"Milovanovic, R., Grcic, R. & Stojkovic, L. 1983. Serological study with SolcoTrichovac, a vaccine against Trichomonas vaginalis infection in women. Gynakologische Rundschau. 23, Suppl 2, 39\u201345.","journal-title":"Gynakologische Rundschau."},{"issue":"1","key":"909_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2005.08.032","volume":"173","author":"CE Monteavaro","year":"2007","unstructured":"Monteavaro, C.E., Aguirre, J.I., Soto, P., Echevarr\u00eda, H.M., Catena, M.C., Portiansky, E.L. & Gimeno, E.J. 2007. Interaction of Tritrichomonas foetus with the reproductive tract of experimentally infected female BALB\/c mice: ultrastructural evaluation. Veterinary Journal. 173, 1, 204\u2013208.","journal-title":"Veterinary Journal."},{"issue":"1","key":"909_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.58.1.157-162.1990","volume":"58","author":"KA Neale","year":"1990","unstructured":"Neale, K.A. & Alderete, J.F. 1990. Analysis of the proteinases of representative Trichomonas vaginalis isolates. Infection and Immunity. 58, 1,157-162.","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity."},{"key":"909_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Onoya, D., Reddy, P., Sifunda, S., Lang, D., Wingood, G.M., van den Borne, B. & Ruiter, R.A. 2012. Transactional Sexual Relationships, Sexually Transmitted Infection Risk, and Condom Use Among Young Black Women in Peri-Urban Areas of the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Women's health issues: Official Publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2011.11.006"},{"issue":"4","key":"909_CR76","first-page":"338","volume":"88","author":"MK Paintlia","year":"2002","unstructured":"Paintlia, M.K., Kaur, S., Gupta, I., Ganguly, N.K., Mahajan, R.C. & Malla, N. 2002. Specific IgA response, T-cell subtype and cytokine profile in experimental intravaginal trichomoniasis. Parasitology Research. 88, 4, 338\u2013343.","journal-title":"T-cell subtype and cytokine profile in experimental intravaginal trichomoniasis. Parasitology Research."},{"key":"909_CR77","first-page":"477","volume-title":"Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics","author":"TJ Parkinson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Parkinson, T.J. 2009. Specific infectious diseases causing infertility and subfertility in cattle. in: D.E. Noakes, T.J. Parkinson & G.C.W. England. Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics. 9th edn, Sounders Elsevier, Edinburgh, pp. 477\u2013517.","edition":"9"},{"issue":"10","key":"909_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1974.tb06861.x","volume":"50","author":"IM Parsonson","year":"1974","unstructured":"Parsonson, I.M., Clark, B.L. & Dufty, J. 1974. The pathogenesis of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in the bull. Australian Veterinary Journal. 50,10, 421\u2013423.","journal-title":"Australian Veterinary Journal."},{"issue":"1","key":"909_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(76)90028-1","volume":"86","author":"IM Parsonson","year":"1976","unstructured":"Parsonson, I.M., Clark, B.L. & Dufty, J.H. 1976. Early pathogenesis and pathology of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in virgin heifers. Journal of Comparative Pathology. 86,1, 59\u201366.","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Pathology."},{"key":"909_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pereira-Neves, A., Nascimento, L.F. & Benchimol, M. 2012. Cytotoxic Effects Exerted by Tritrichomonas foetus Pseudocysts. Protist.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.protis.2011.11.005"},{"issue":"2","key":"909_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.37.2.755-762.1982","volume":"37","author":"KM Peterson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Peterson, K.M. & Alderete, J.F. 1982. Host plasma proteins on the surface of pathogenic Trichomonas vaginalis. Infection and Immunity. 37, 2, 755\u2013762.","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity."},{"issue":"2","key":"909_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.11.2.300","volume":"11","author":"D Petrin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Petrin, D., Delgaty, K., Bhatt, R. & Garber, G. 1998. Clinical and microbiological aspects of Trichomonas vaginalis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 11, 2, 300\u2013317.","journal-title":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews."},{"key":"909_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petr\u00f3polis, D.B., Rodrigues, J.C.F., Rocha-Azevedo, B. & Costa, e.S.F. 2008. The binding of Tritrichomonas foetus to immobilized laminin-1 and its role in the cytotoxicity exerted by the parasite. Microbiology. 154, 8, 2283\u20132290.","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2007\/015941-0"},{"issue":"6","key":"909_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1989.194.06.771","volume":"194","author":"DO Rae","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rae, D.O. 1989. Impact of trichomoniasis on the cow-calf producer's profitability. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 194,6, 771\u2013775.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association."},{"issue":"3","key":"909_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2006.07.001","volume":"22","author":"DO Rae","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rae, D.O. & Crews, J.E. 2006. Tritrichomonas foetus. The Veterinary clinics of North America Food Animal Practice. 22,3, 595\u2013611.","journal-title":"The Veterinary clinics of North America Food Animal Practice"},{"issue":"10","key":"909_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2011.07.001","volume":"43","author":"L Ramon-Luing Lde","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ramon-Luing Lde, L., Rendon-Gandarilla, F.J., Puente-Rivera, J., Avila-Gonzalez, L. & Arroyo, R. 2011. Identification and characterization of the immunogenic cytotoxic TvCP39 proteinase gene of Trichomonas vaginalis. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology. 43,10,1500-1511.","journal-title":"The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology."},{"issue":"5","key":"909_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588802500503","volume":"25","author":"JC Rhyan","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rhyan, J.C., Stackhouse, L.L. & Quinn, W.J. 1988. Fetal and placental lesions in bovine abortion due to Tritrichomonas foetus. Veterinary Pathology. 25, 5, 350\u2013355.","journal-title":"Veterinary Pathology."},{"issue":"5","key":"909_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.36-5-406","volume":"36","author":"JC Rhyan","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rhyan, J.C., Wilson, K.L., Wagner, B., Anderson, M.L., BonDurant, R.H., Burgess, D.E., Mutwiri, G.K. & Corbeil, L.B. 1999a. Demonstration of Tritrichomonas foetus in the external genitalia and of specific antibodies in preputial secretions of naturally infected bulls. Veterinary Pathology. 36,5, 406\u2013411.","journal-title":"Veterinary Pathology."},{"issue":"5","key":"909_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.36-5-406","volume":"36","author":"JC Rhyan","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rhyan, J.C., Wilson, K.L., Wagner, B., Anderson, M.L., BonDurant, R.H., Burgess, D.E., Mutwiri, G.K. & Corbeil, L.B. 1999b. Demonstration of Tritrichomonas foetus in the external genitalia and of specific antibodies in preputial secretions of naturally infected bulls. Veterinary Pathology. 36,5, 406\u2013411.","journal-title":"Veterinary Pathology."},{"issue":"4","key":"909_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.06.031922","volume":"85","author":"M Romoren","year":"2007","unstructured":"Romoren, M., Velauthapillai, M., Rahman, M., Sundby, J., Klouman, E. & Hjortdahl, P. 2007. Trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy: inadequately managed with the syndromic approach. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 85, 4, 297\u2013304.","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization."},{"key":"909_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1042\/bse0510161","volume":"51","author":"CM Ryan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ryan, C.M., de Miguel, N. & Johnson, P.J. 2011. Trichomonas vaginalis: current understanding of host-parasite interactions. Essays in Biochemistry. 51,161-175.","journal-title":"Essays in Biochemistry."},{"issue":"12","key":"909_CR92","first-page":"772","volume":"19","author":"K Saleem","year":"2009","unstructured":"Saleem, K., Mumtaz, B. & Raza, N. 2009. A clinicopathological study of urethritis in males. Pakistan Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons. vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 772\u2013775.","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons."},{"issue":"6","key":"909_CR93","first-page":"11","volume":"10","author":"JA Schnackel","year":"1990","unstructured":"Schnackel, J.A., Wallace, B.L., Kvasnicka, W.G., Hanks, D.R. & Hall, M.R. 1990. Trichomonas foetus vaccine immunogenicity trial. Agri-Practice. 10, 6, 11\u201314.","journal-title":"Agri-Practice."},{"issue":"4","key":"909_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.4.794-803.2004","volume":"17","author":"JR Schwebke","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schwebke, J.R. & Burgess, D. 2004. Trichomoniasis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 17, 4, 794\u2013803.","journal-title":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews."},{"issue":"3","key":"909_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.3.1100-1105.1998","volume":"66","author":"CI Shaia","year":"1998","unstructured":"Shaia, C.I., Voyich, J., Gillis, S.J., Singh, B.N. & Burgess, D.E. 1998. Purification and expression of the Tf190 adhesin in Tritrichomonas foetus. Infection and Immunity. 66, 3, 1100\u20131105.","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity."},{"issue":"7","key":"909_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4151","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.7.4151-4158.2004","volume":"72","author":"BN Singh","year":"2004","unstructured":"Singh, B.N., Lucas, J.J., Hayes, G.R., Kumar, I., Beach, D.H., Frajblat, M., Gilbert, R.O., Sommer, U. & Costello, C.E. 2004. Tritrichomonas foetus induces apoptotic cell death in bovine vaginal epithelial cells. Infection and Immunity. 72,7, 4151\u20134158.","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity."},{"issue":"5","key":"909_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1987.191.05.553","volume":"191","author":"S Skirrow","year":"1987","unstructured":"Skirrow, S. 1987. Identification of trichomonad-carrier cows. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, vol. 191, no. 5, pp. 553\u2013554.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"issue":"6","key":"909_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1990.196.06.885","volume":"196","author":"SZ Skirrow","year":"1990","unstructured":"Skirrow, S.Z. & BonDurant, R.H. 1990. Induced Tritrichomonas foetus infection in beef heifers. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 196, 6, 885\u2013889.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association."},{"issue":"10","key":"909_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1086\/522532","volume":"45","author":"M Sutton","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sutton M, Sternberg M, Koumans EH, McQuillan G, Berman S, Markowitz L.\u20092007. The prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among reproductive-age women in the United States, 2001\u20132004.\u2009Clinical Infectious Diseases.\u200945(10):1319\u201326","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases."},{"issue":"2","key":"909_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2003.005124","volume":"80","author":"H Swygard","year":"2004","unstructured":"Swygard, H., Sena, A.C., Hobbs, M.M. & Cohen, M.S. 2004. Trichomoniasis: clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management. Sexually Transmitted Infections. 80, 2, 91\u201395.","journal-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections."},{"issue":"8","key":"909_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1983.44.08.1553","volume":"44","author":"LA Vasquez","year":"1983","unstructured":"Vasquez, L.A., Ball, L., Bennett, B.W., Rupp, G.P., Ellis, R., Olson, J.D. & Huffman, M.H. 1983. Bovine genital campylobacteriosis (vibriosis): vaccination of experimentally infected bulls. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 44, 8,1553-1557.","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research."},{"issue":"6","key":"909_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762011000600009","volume":"106","author":"RC Vilela","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vilela, R.C. & Benchimol, M. 2011. Interaction of Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus with keratin: an important role in parasite infection. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, vol. 106, no. 6, pp. 701\u2013704.","journal-title":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"issue":"1","key":"909_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762013000100018","volume":"108","author":"RC Vilela","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vilela, R.C. & Benchimol, M. 2013. IL-10 release by bovine epithelial cells cultured with Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, vol. 108, no. 1, pp. 110\u2013112.","journal-title":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"issue":"6","key":"909_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2004.65.770","volume":"65","author":"A Villarroel","year":"2004","unstructured":"Villarroel, A., Carpenter, T.E. & BonDurant, R.H. 2004. Development of a simulation model to evaluate the effect of vaccination against Tritrichomonas foetus on reproductive efficiency in beef herds. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 65, 6, 770\u2013775.","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research."},{"issue":"6","key":"909_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.8.6.1120-1125.2001","volume":"8","author":"JM Voyich","year":"2001","unstructured":"Voyich, J.M., Ansotegui, R., Swenson, C., Bailey, J. & Burgess, D.E. 2001. Antibody responses of cattle immunized with the Tf190 adhesin of Tritrichomonas foetus. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology. 8, 6, 1120\u20131125.","journal-title":"Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology."},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"909_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S123","DOI":"10.1086\/511425","volume":"44","author":"KA Wendel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wendel, K.A. & Workowski, K.A. 2007.Trichomoniasis: challenges to appropriate management. Clinical infectious diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 44, Suppl 3, S123-9.","journal-title":"Clinical infectious diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America."},{"key":"909_CR107","unstructured":"Williamson, S.H. 2009. Six ways to compute the relative value of a U.S. dollar amount, 1790 to present. Measuring Worth. http:\/\/www.measuringworth.com\/uscompare\/."},{"issue":"1","key":"909_CR108","first-page":"4","volume":"93","author":"MM Wittenbrink","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wittenbrink, M.M. 2002. Campylobacter: prevalence and pathogenic significance in man and animals. Mitteilungen aus Lebensmitteluntersuchung und Hygiene. 93, 1, 4\u20138.","journal-title":"Mitteilungen aus Lebensmitteluntersuchung und Hygiene."},{"key":"909_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Woudwyk, M.A., Monteavaro, C.E., Jensen, F., Soto, P., Barbeito, C.G. & Zenclussen, A.C. 2012. Study of the Uterine Local Immune Response in a Murine Model of Embryonic Death Due to Tritrichomonas foetus. American Journal of Reproductive Immunology (New York, N.Y.: 1989).","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2012.01159.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"909_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvr083","volume":"150","author":"T Yano","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yano, T. & Kurata, S. 2011. Intracellular recognition of pathogens and autophagy as an innate immune host defence. Journal of Biochemistry. 150, 2, 143\u2013149.","journal-title":"Journal of Biochemistry."}],"container-title":["Tropical Animal Health and Production"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-015-0909-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11250-015-0909-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-015-0909-1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-015-0909-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T22:04:44Z","timestamp":1744149884000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11250-015-0909-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]]},"references-count":110,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["909"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11250-015-0909-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-4747","1573-7438"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0049-4747"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1573-7438"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 June 2015","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 August 2015","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 September 2015","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}