{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:11:19Z","timestamp":1777702279350,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,22]],"date-time":"2016-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479772800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trop Anim Health Prod"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-016-1187-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,22]],"date-time":"2016-11-22T10:12:59Z","timestamp":1479809579000},"page":"265-272","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Seroprevalence of Anaplasma marginale and Babesia bigemina infections and associated risk factors in Machakos County, Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"F. D.","family":"Wesonga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Gachohi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. M.","family":"Kitala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Gathuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. J.","family":"Njenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"1187_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S247","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182004005190","volume":"129","author":"R Bock","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bock, R., Jackson, L., De Vos, A., and Jorgensen, W., 2004. Babesiosis of cattle. Parasitology, 129, S247\u2013S269.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"1187_CR2","unstructured":"de Vos, A.J., de Waal, D.T. and Jackson, L.A., 2004. Bovine babesiosis. In: Coetzer, J.A.W., Tustin, R.C. (Eds.), Infectious diseases of livestock, vol. I. Oxford University Press, Southern Africa, Cape Town, pp. 406\u2013424."},{"key":"1187_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2008.11.007","volume":"25","author":"G Giulio Di","year":"2009","unstructured":"Di Giulio G., Lynen, G., Morzaria, S., Oura, C. and Bishop, R., 2009. Live immunization against East Coast fever - current status. Trends Parasitology, 25, 85\u201392.","journal-title":"Trends Parasitology"},{"key":"1187_CR4","unstructured":"Dohoo, I., Martin, W. and Stryhn, H., 2003. Veterinary epidemiologic research. In: Mcpike, S.M. (Ed.), A comprehensive text for the discipline. AVC Inc., Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, 706 pp."},{"key":"1187_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dreher, U.M., Hofmann-Lehmann, R., Meli, M.L., Regula, G., Cagienard, A.Y., Stark., K.D.C., Doherr, M.G., Filli, F., Hassig, M., Braun, U., Kocan, K.M. and Lutz H., 2005. Seroprevalence of anaplasmosis among cattle in Switzerland in 1998 and 2003: no evidence of an emerging disease. Veterinary Microbiology, 107, 71-79.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2005.01.001"},{"key":"1187_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2010.03.015","volume":"95","author":"JM Gachohi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gachohi, J.M., Ngumi, P.N., Kitala, P.M. and Skilton R.A., 2010. Estimating seroprevalence and variation to four tick-borne infections and determination of associated risk factors in cattle under traditional mixed farming system in Mbeere District Kenya. Preventive Veterinary Medicine,95, 208\u2013223.","journal-title":"Preventive Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"1187_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-5-194","volume":"5","author":"J Gachohi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gachohi, J., Skilton, R., Hansen, F., Ngumi, P. and Kitala P., 2012. Epidemiology of East Coast fever (T. parva infection) in Kenya: past, present and the future. Parasites and Vectors, 5, 194.","journal-title":"Parasites and Vectors"},{"key":"1187_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5877(96)01100-2","volume":"30","author":"GK Gitau","year":"1997","unstructured":"Gitau, G.K., Perry, B.D., Katende, J.M., McDermott, J.J., Morzaria, S.P., Young, A.S., 1997. The prevalence of tick-borne infections in small-holder farms in Murang\u2019a District, Kenya: a cross-sectional study. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 30, 95\u2013107.","journal-title":"Preventive Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"1187_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5877(98)00137-8","volume":"39","author":"GK Gitau","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gitau, G.K., Perry, B.D., McDermott, J.J., 1999. The incidence, calf morbidity mortality due to Theileria parva infection in small holder dairy farms in Muranga District, Kenya. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 39, 65-79.","journal-title":"Preventive Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"1187_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1007\/s004360050419","volume":"84","author":"JM Katende","year":"1998","unstructured":"Katende, J.M., Morzaria, S.P., Toye, P., Skilton, R.A., Nene, V., Nkonge, C., Musoke, A.J., 1998. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of Theileria parva antibodies in cattle using a recombinant polymorphic immunodominant molecule. Parasitology Research, 84, 408\u2013416.","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"key":"1187_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.09.012","volume":"167","author":"KM Kocan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kocan, K.M., De La Fuente, J., Blouin, E.F., Coetzee, J.F. and Ewing, S.A., 2010. The natural history of Anaplasma marginale. Veterinary Parasitology, 167, 95-107.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"1187_CR12","unstructured":"Minjauw, B. and McLeod, A., 2003. Tick-borne diseases and poverty. The impact of ticks and tick-borne diseases on the livelihood of small-scale and marginal livestock owners in India and eastern and southern Africa. UK: Research report, DFID Animal Health Programme, Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh."},{"key":"1187_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ngeranwa, J.J., Shompole, S.P., Venter, E.H., Wambugu., A, Crafford J.E. and Penzhorn B.L., 2008. Detection of Anaplasma antibodies in wildlife and domestic species in wildlife-livestock interface areas of Kenya by major surface protein 5 competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 75(3), 199-205.","DOI":"10.4102\/ojvr.v75i3.95"},{"key":"1187_CR14","unstructured":"Norval, R.A.I., Perry, B.D., Young, A.S., Lawrence, J.A., Mukhebi, A.W., Bishop R., and McKeever, D. 1992. The Epidemiology of Theileriosis in Africa. London, UK: Academic Press."},{"key":"1187_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.3923\/jp.2011.168.175","volume":"6","author":"OE Okon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Okon, O.E., Opara, K.N., Etim, S. E., Arong, G.A., Oku E.E., Iboh, C.I., 2011. Experimental transmission of Babesia bigemina by Boophilus decoloratus in cattle. Research Journal of Parasitology, 6, 168-175.","journal-title":"Research Journal of Parasitology"},{"key":"1187_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaridenv.2007.04.003","volume":"72","author":"JM Olwoch","year":"2008","unstructured":"Olwoch, J.M., Reyers, B., Engelbrecht, F.A and Erasmus, B.F.N., 2008. Climate change and the tick-borne disease, Theileriosis (East Coast fever), in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Arid Environment, 72, 108\u2013120.","journal-title":"Journal of Arid Environment"},{"key":"1187_CR17","unstructured":"Potgieter, F.T., and Stoltsz, W.H., 2004. Bovine anaplasmosis. In: Coetzer, J.A.W., Tustin, R.C. (Eds.), Infectious diseases of livestock, vol. I. Oxford University Press, Southern Africa, Cape Town, pp. 594\u2013616."},{"key":"1187_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1093\/jis\/4.1.8","volume":"4","author":"C Rubaire-Akiiki","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rubaire-Akiiki, C., Okello-Onen, J., Nasinyama, G.W., Vaarst, M., Kabagambe E.K., Mwayi, W., Musunga, D., Wandukwa, W., 2004. The prevalence of serum antibodies to tick-borne infections in Mbale district, Uganda: The effect of agro- logical zone, grazing management and age of cattle. J. Insect Sci. 4, 8-15.","journal-title":"J. Insect Sci."},{"key":"1187_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2006.04.015","volume":"75","author":"CM Rubaire-Akiiki","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rubaire-Akiiki, C.M., Okello-Onen, J., Musunga, D., Kabagambe, E.K., Vaarst, M., Okello, D., Opolot, C., Bisagaya, A., Okori, C., Bisagati, C., Ongyera, S., Mwayi, M.T., 2006. Effect of agro-ecological zone and grazing system on incidence of East Coast Fever in calves in Mbale and Sironko Districts of Eastern Uganda. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 75, 251\u2013266.","journal-title":"Preventive Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"1187_CR20","unstructured":"Wesonga, F.D., Kitala, P.M., Gathuma, J.M., Njenga, M.J., and Ngumi, P.N., 2010. An assessment of tick-borne diseases constraints to livestock production in a smallholder livestock production system in Machakos District, Kenya. Livestock Research for Rural Development 22 (6)."},{"key":"1187_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-014-0690-6","volume":"47","author":"FD Wesonga","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wesonga, F.D., Gachohi, J.M., Kitala, P.M., Gathuma, J.M. and Njenga, M.J., 2015. Theileria parva infection seroprevalence and associated risk factors in cattle in Machakos County, Kenya. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 47, 93\u2013101 DOI 10.1007\/s11250-014-0690-6 .","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"}],"container-title":["Tropical Animal Health and Production"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-016-1187-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11250-016-1187-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-016-1187-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,25]],"date-time":"2017-06-25T04:10:54Z","timestamp":1498363854000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11250-016-1187-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,22]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}},"alternative-id":["1187"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11250-016-1187-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-4747","1573-7438"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0049-4747","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7438","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,22]]}}}