{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:59:08Z","timestamp":1792101548015,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,26]],"date-time":"2018-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524700800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Botswana College of Agriculture (BW)","award":["Not available"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Not available"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001799","name":"Murdoch University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Not available"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Not available"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001799","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trop Anim Health Prod"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-018-1568-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,26]],"date-time":"2018-04-26T04:36:19Z","timestamp":1524717379000},"page":"1355-1363","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Cross-sectional prevalence of Fasciola gigantica infections in beef cattle in Botswana"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1369-1149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Ernest","family":"Mochankana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian D.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1568_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-009-9419-3","volume":"42","author":"F Abunna","year":"2010","unstructured":"Abunna, F., Asfaw, L., Megersa, B., Regassa, A., 2010, Bovine fasciolosis: coprological, abattoir survey and its economic impact due to liver condemnation at Soddo municipal abattoir, Southern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production 42, 289\u2013292.","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"},{"key":"1568_CR2","first-page":"12","volume":"2","author":"OA Adedokun","year":"2008","unstructured":"Adedokun, O.A., Ayinmode, A.B., Fagbemi, B.O., 2008, Seasonal prevalence of Fasciola gigantica infection among the sexes in Nigerian cattle. Veterinary Research 2, 12\u201314.","journal-title":"Veterinary Research"},{"key":"1568_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(86)90115-9","volume":"22","author":"SB Amato","year":"1986","unstructured":"Amato, S.B., De Rezende, H.E.B., Gomes, D.C., Da Serra Freire, N.M., 1986, Epidemiology of Fasciola hepatica infection in the Para\u00edba river valley, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brasil. Veterinary Parasitology 22, 275\u2013284.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"1568_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(84)90076-1","volume":"15","author":"MF Asanji","year":"1984","unstructured":"Asanji, M.F., Williams, M.O., 1984, The effect of sex on seasonal variation in single and double infection of cattle in sierra leone by Dicrocoelium hospes and Faciola gigantica. Veterinary Parasitology 15, 247\u2013255.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"1568_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2008.08.009","volume":"86","author":"WS Awad","year":"2009","unstructured":"Awad, W.S., Ibrahim, A.K., Salib, F.A., 2009, Using indirect ELISA to assess different antigens for the serodiagnosis of Fasciola gigantica infection in cattle, sheep and donkeys. Research in Veterinary Science 86, 466\u2013471.","journal-title":"Research in Veterinary Science"},{"key":"1568_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1985.tb07650.x","volume":"62","author":"FC Baldock","year":"1985","unstructured":"Baldock, F.C., Arthur, R.J., 1985, A survey of fascioliasis in beef cattle killed at abattoirs in southern Queensland. Australian Veterinary Journal 62, 324\u2013326.","journal-title":"Australian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"1568_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(69)90081-2","volume":"25","author":"PK Bitakaramire","year":"1969","unstructured":"Bitakaramire, P.K., Bwangamoi, O., 1969, Experimental infection of calves with Fasciola gigantica. Experimental Parasitology 25, 353\u2013357.","journal-title":"Experimental Parasitology"},{"key":"1568_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(86)90114-7","volume":"22","author":"M Bouvry","year":"1986","unstructured":"Bouvry, M., Rau, M.E., 1986, Seasonal variations in egg passage of Fasciola hepatica in dairy cows in Quebec. Veterinary Parasitology 22, 267\u2013273.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"1568_CR9","unstructured":"Copeman, D.B., Copland, R.S. 2008. Importance and potential impact of liver fluke in cattle and buffalo. In Overcoming liver fluke as a constraint to ruminant production in south-east Asia, Gray, G.D., Copland, R.S., Copeman, D.B., eds. (Canberra), pp. 21\u201326."},{"key":"1568_CR10","unstructured":"Department of Meteorological Services, D 2003. Seasonal rainfall forecast for Botswana Services, M., ed.(Gaborone, Weather and Agrometeorological Bulletin)."},{"key":"1568_CR11","volume-title":"Livestock production in Botswana","author":"Department of Veterinary Services, D","year":"2008","unstructured":"Department of Veterinary Services, D 2008. Livestock production in Botswana (Gaborone, Ministry of Agriculture)."},{"key":"1568_CR12","volume-title":"Veterinary Epidemiologic Research","author":"I Dohoo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dohoo, I., Martin, W., Stryhn, H., 2009, Veterinary Epidemiologic Research, Second. VER Inc, Charlottetown.","edition":"Second"},{"key":"1568_CR13","unstructured":"Dorchies, P. 2006. Flukes: Old parasites but new emergence. In World Buiatrics Congress XXIV, Dorchies, P., ed. (Nice, France, IVIS)."},{"key":"1568_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00930918","volume":"77","author":"D Ducommun","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ducommun, D., Pfister, K., 1991, Prevalence and distribution of Dicrocoelium dendriticum and Fasciola hepatica infections in cattle in Switzerland. Parasitology Research 77, 364\u2013366.","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"key":"1568_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.69.429","volume":"69","author":"JG Esteban","year":"2003","unstructured":"Esteban, J.G., Gonzalez, C., Curtale, F., Munoz-Antoli, C., Valero, M.A., Bargues, M.D., Sayed, M., El Wakeel, A.A.W., Abdel-Wahab, Y., Montresor, A., Engels, D., Savioli, L., Mas-Coma, S., 2003, Hyperendemic fascioliasis associated with schistosomiasis in villages in the Nile Delta of Egypt. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 69, 429\u2013437.","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"1568_CR16","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Diseases of domestic animals caused by flukes. In Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of Fasciola, Paramphistomum, Dicrocoelium, Eurytrema and Schistosoma infections of ruminants in developing countries","author":"FAO","year":"1994","unstructured":"FAO 1994. Diseases of domestic animals caused by flukes. In Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of Fasciola, Paramphistomum, Dicrocoelium, Eurytrema and Schistosoma infections of ruminants in developing countries (Rome, FAO), pp. 1\u201334."},{"key":"1568_CR17","first-page":"85","volume":"156","author":"RN Faria","year":"2005","unstructured":"Faria, R.N., Cury, M.C., Lima, W.S., 2005, Prevalence and dynamics of natural infection with Fasciola hepatica (Linnaeus, 1758) in Brazilian cattle. Revue de Medicine Veterinaire 156, 85\u201386.","journal-title":"Revue de Medicine Veterinaire"},{"key":"1568_CR18","first-page":"235","volume-title":"Veterinary Parasitology Reference Manual","author":"WJ Foreyt","year":"2001","unstructured":"Foreyt, W.J., 2001, Veterinary Parasitology Reference Manual, Fifth. Blackwell Science Company, Ames, 235 p.","edition":"Fifth"},{"key":"1568_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(89)90162-3","volume":"34","author":"C Gonzalez-Lanza","year":"1989","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Lanza, C., Manga-Gonzalez, Y., Del-Pozo-Carnero, P., Hidalgo-Arg\u00fcello, R., 1989, Dynamics of elimination of the eggs of Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda, Digenea) in the faeces of cattle in the Porma Basin, Spain. Veterinary Parasitology 34, 35\u201343.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"1568_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02250725","volume":"28","author":"L Harrison","year":"1996","unstructured":"Harrison, L., Hammond, J., Sewell, M., 1996, Studies on helminthosis at the centre for tropical veterinary medicine (CTVM). Tropical Animal Health and Production 28, 23\u201339.","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"},{"key":"1568_CR21","first-page":"435","volume-title":"Fasciolosis","author":"GV Hillyer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hillyer, G.V., 1999, Immunodiagnosis of human and animal fasciolosis, In: Dalton, J.P. (Ed.) Fasciolosis. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, pp. 435\u2013447."},{"key":"1568_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(95)00831-4","volume":"61","author":"GV Hillyer","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hillyer, G.V., de Galanes, M.S., Buch\u00f3n, P., Bjorland, J., 1996, Herd evaluation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of Fasciola hepatica infection in sheep and cattle from the Altiplano of Bolivia. Veterinary Parasitology 61, 211\u2013220.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"1568_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(00)00363-0","volume":"93","author":"WG Holland","year":"2000","unstructured":"Holland, W.G., Luong, T.T., Nguyen, L.A., Do, T.T., Vercruysse, J., 2000, The epidemiology of nematode and fluke infections in cattle in the Red River Delta in Vietnam. Veterinary Parasitology 93, 141\u2013147.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"1568_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01442-3","volume":"3","author":"S Hurtrez-Bouss\u00e8s","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hurtrez-Bouss\u00e8s, S., Meunier, C., Durand, P., Renaud, F., 2001, Dynamics of host-parasite interactions: the example of population biology of the liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica). Microbes and Infection 3, 841\u2013849.","journal-title":"Microbes and Infection"},{"key":"1568_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02900810","volume":"10","author":"M Kato","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kato, M., Murakami, Y., Shimizu, M., Yamamoto, H., Yonemoto, Y., Ishii, K., Kira, S., 2005, Survey of cattle fasciolosis in Tsumaya abattoir. Journal of Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 10, 162\u2013165.","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine"},{"key":"1568_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.10.014","volume":"127","author":"JD Keyyu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Keyyu, J.D., Kyvsgaard, N.C., Monrad, J., Kassuku, A.A., 2005a, Epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle on traditional, small-scale dairy and large-scale dairy farms in Iringa district, Tanzania. Veterinary Parasitology 127, 285\u2013294.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"1568_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-005-5688-7","volume":"37","author":"JD Keyyu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Keyyu, J.D., Monrad, J., Kyvsgaard, N.C., Kassuku, A.A., 2005b, Epidemiology of Fasciola gigantica and Amphistomes in Cattle on Traditional, Small-scale Dairy and Large-scale Dairy Farms in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. Tropical Animal Health and Production 37, 303\u2013314.","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"},{"key":"1568_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-005-3176-1","volume":"30","author":"J Keyyu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Keyyu, J., Kassuku, A., Msalilwa, L., Monrad, J., Kyvsgaard, N., 2006, Cross-sectional Prevalence of Helminth Infections in Cattle on Traditional, Small-scale and Large-scale Dairy Farms in Iringa District, Tanzania. Veterinary Research Communications 30, 45\u201355.","journal-title":"Veterinary Research Communications"},{"key":"1568_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2008.12.013","volume":"87","author":"MK Khan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Khan, M.K., Sajid, M.S., Khan, M.N., Iqbal, Z., Iqbal, M.U., 2009, Bovine fasciolosis: Prevalence, effects of treatment on productivity and cost benefit analysis in five districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Research in Veterinary Science 87, 70\u201375.","journal-title":"Research in Veterinary Science"},{"key":"1568_CR30","first-page":"255","volume":"69","author":"JM Kithuka","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kithuka, J.M., Maingi, N., Njeruh, F.M., Ombui, J.N., 2002, The prevalence and economic importance of bovine fasciolosis in Kenya: An analysis of abattoir data. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 69, 255\u2013262.","journal-title":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"1568_CR31","first-page":"342","volume":"7","author":"JA Kuchai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kuchai, J.A., Chishti, M.Z., Zaki, M.M., Dar Muzaffar Rasool, S.A., Ahmad, J., Tak, H., 2011, Some epidemiological aspects of fasciolosis among cattle of Ladakh. Global Veterinaria 7, 342\u2013346.","journal-title":"Global Veterinaria"},{"key":"1568_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2002030","volume":"33","author":"C Mage","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mage, C., Bourgne, H., Toullieu, J., Rondelaud, D., Dreyfuss, G., 2002, Fasciola hepatica and Paramphistomum daubney: Changes in prevalences of natural infections in cattle and in Lymnaea truncatula from central France over the past 12 years. Veterinary Research 33, 439\u2013447.","journal-title":"Veterinary Research"},{"key":"1568_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5877(84)90003-5","volume":"3","author":"JB Malone","year":"1984","unstructured":"Malone, J.B., Loyacano, A.F., Hugh-Jones, M.E., Corkum, K.C., 1984, A three-year study on seasonal transmission and control of Fasciola hepatica of cattle in Louisiana. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 3, 131\u2013141.","journal-title":"Preventive Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"1568_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(98)00137-X","volume":"78","author":"JB Malone","year":"1998","unstructured":"Malone, J.B., Gommes, R., Hansen, J., Yilma, J.M., Slingenberg, J., Snijders, F., Nachtergaele, F., Ataman, E., 1998, A geographic information system on the potential distribution and abundance of Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica in east Africa based on Food and Agriculture Organization databases. Veterinary Parasitology 78, 87\u2013101.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"1568_CR35","first-page":"414","volume":"52","author":"A Maqbool","year":"2002","unstructured":"Maqbool, A., Hayat, C., Hashmi, H., 2002, Epidemiology of fasciolosis in buffaloes under different management conditions. Veterinary Microbiology 52, 414\u2013416.","journal-title":"Veterinary Microbiology"},{"key":"1568_CR36","unstructured":"McGavin, M.D., Zachary, J.F., 2007, Pathologic basis of veterinary disease, 4th. Mosby Elsevier, St Louis, Missouri."},{"key":"1568_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-004-1072-1","volume":"92","author":"A Mekroud","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mekroud, A., Benakhla, A., Vignoles, P., Rondelaud, D., Dreyfuss, G., 2004, Preliminary studies on the prevalence of natural fasciolosis in cattle, sheep and the host snail (Galba truncatula) in north-eastern Algeria. Parasitology Research 92, 502\u2013505.","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"key":"1568_CR38","unstructured":"Molina, E.C., 2005. Comparison of host-parasite relationships of Fasciola gigantica infection in cattle (Bos indicus) and swamp buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), PhD Thesis. James Cook University, Townsville, North Queensland."},{"key":"1568_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02250843","volume":"19","author":"A Morel","year":"1987","unstructured":"Morel, A., Mahato, S., 1987, Epidemiology of fascioliasis in the koshi hills of Nepal. Tropical Animal Health and Production 19, 33\u201338.","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"},{"key":"1568_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-006-4394-4","volume":"38","author":"E Mungube","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mungube, E., Bauni, S., Tenhagen, B.A., Wamae, L., Nginyi, J., Mugambi, J., 2006, The prevalence and economic significance of Fasciola gigantica and Stilesia hepatica in slaughtered animals in the semi-arid coastal Kenya. Tropical Animal Health and Production 38, 475\u2013483.","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"},{"key":"1568_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-006-0438-y","volume":"101","author":"J Mungu\u00eda-X\u00f3chihua","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mungu\u00eda-X\u00f3chihua, J., Ibarra-Velarde, F., Ducoing-Watty, A., Montenegro-Cristino, N., Quiroz-Romero, H., 2007, Prevalence of Fasciola hepatica (ELISA and fecal analysis) in ruminants from a semi-desert area in the northwest of Mexico. Parasitology Research 101, 127\u2013130.","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"key":"1568_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02237882","volume":"13","author":"S Mzembe","year":"1981","unstructured":"Mzembe, S., Chaudhry, M., 1981, The epidemiology of fascioliasis in Malawi part II. Epidemiology in the definitive host. Tropical Animal Health and Production 13, 27\u201333.","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"},{"key":"1568_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-008-9297-0","volume":"41","author":"T Ndlovu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ndlovu, T., Chimonyo, M., Muchenje, V., 2009, Monthly changes in body condition scores and internal parasite prevalence in Nguni, Bonsmara and Angus steers raised on sweetveld. Tropical Animal Health and Production 41, 1169\u20131177.","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"},{"key":"1568_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02242647","volume":"12","author":"A Ogunrinade","year":"1980","unstructured":"Ogunrinade, A., Ogunrinade, B., 1980, Economic importance of bovine fascioliasis in Nigeria. Tropical Animal Health and Production 12, 155\u2013160.","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"},{"key":"1568_CR45","first-page":"37","volume":"73","author":"DS Pfukenyi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pfukenyi, D.S., Mukaratirwa, S., Willingham, A.L., Monrad, J., 2006, Epidemiological studies of Fasciola gigantica infections in cattle in the highveld and lowveld communal grazing areas of Zimbabwe. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 73, 37\u201351.","journal-title":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"1568_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0450.2005.00872.x","volume":"52","author":"AM Phiri","year":"2005","unstructured":"Phiri, A.M., Phiri, I.K., Sikasunge, C.S., Monrad, J., 2005a, Prevalence of fasciolosis in Zambian cattle observed at selected abattoirs with emphasis on age, sex and origin. Veterinary Medicine 52, 414\u2013416.","journal-title":"Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"1568_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2005.06.010","volume":"134","author":"AM Phiri","year":"2005","unstructured":"Phiri, A.M., Phiri, I.K., Siziya, S., Sikasunge, C.S., Chembensofu, M., Monrad, J., 2005b, Seasonal pattern of bovine fasciolosis in the Kafue and Zambezi catchment areas of Zambia. Veterinary Parasitology 134, 87\u201392.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"1568_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.157.19.578","volume":"157","author":"GC Pritchard","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pritchard, G.C., Forbes, A.B., Williams, D.J.L., Salimi-Bejestani, M.R., Daniel, R.G., 2005, Emergence of fasciolosis in cattle in East Anglia. Veterinary Record 157, 578\u2013582.","journal-title":"Veterinary Record"},{"key":"1568_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(98)00152-6","volume":"81","author":"LJ Rangel-Ruiz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rangel-Ruiz, L.J., Marquez-Izquierdo, R., Bravo-Nogueira, G., 1999, Bovine fasciolosis in Tabasco, Mexico. Veterinary Parasitology 81, 119\u2013127.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"1568_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(96)80074-9","volume":"26","author":"JA Roberts","year":"1996","unstructured":"Roberts, J.A., Suhardono, 1996, Approaches to the control of fasciolosis in ruminants. International Journal for Parasitology 26, 971\u2013981.","journal-title":"International Journal for Parasitology"},{"key":"1568_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/s004360100385","volume":"87","author":"V Rondelaud","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rondelaud, Vignoles, Abrous, Dreyfuss, 2001, The definitive and intermediate hosts of Fasciola hepatica in the natural watercress beds in central France. Parasitology Research 87, 475\u2013478.","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"key":"1568_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(92)90009-X","volume":"41","author":"B Roy","year":"1992","unstructured":"Roy, B., Tandon, V., 1992, Seasonal prevalence of some zoonotic trematode infections in cattle and pigs in the north-east montane zone in India. Veterinary Parasitology 41, 69\u201376.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"1568_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016290727793","volume":"26","author":"R S\u00e1nchez-Andrade","year":"2002","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Andrade, R., Paz-Silva, A., Su\u00e1rez, J.L., Panadero, R., Pedreira, J., L\u00f3pez, C., D\u00edez-Ba\u00f1os, P., Morrondo, P., 2002, Influence of Age and Breed on Natural Bovine Fasciolosis in an Endemic Area (Galicia, NW Spain). Veterinary Research Communications 26, 361\u2013370.","journal-title":"Veterinary Research Communications"},{"key":"1568_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02242616","volume":"12","author":"T Schillhorn Van Veen","year":"1980","unstructured":"Schillhorn Van Veen, T., Folaranmi, D., Usman, S., Ishaya, T., 1980, Incidence of liver fluke infections Fasciola gigantica and Dicrocoelium hospes in ruminants in northern Nigeria. Tropical Animal Health and Production 12, 97\u2013104.","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"},{"key":"1568_CR55","volume-title":"Helminths, arthropods and protozoa of domesticated animals","author":"EJL Soulsby","year":"1982","unstructured":"Soulsby, E.J.L., 1982, Helminths, arthropods and protozoa of domesticated animals, 7th. Bailliere Tindall, London, 809 p.","edition":"7"},{"key":"1568_CR56","first-page":"465","volume-title":"Fasciolosis","author":"TW Spithill","year":"1999","unstructured":"Spithill, T.W., Smooker, P.M., Copeman, D.B., 1999, Fasciola gigantica: Epidemiology, control, immunology and molecular biology, In: Dalton, J.P. (Ed.) Fasciolosis. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, pp. 465\u2013525."},{"key":"1568_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-006-4340-5","volume":"38","author":"S Suon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Suon, S., Hol, D., Siek, S., McLean, M., Copeman, B., 2006, Seasonal differences in the incidence of infection with <i>Fasciola gigantica<\/i> in cambodian cattle. Tropical Animal Health and Production 38, 23\u201328.","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"},{"key":"1568_CR58","volume-title":"A colour atlas of clinical helminthology of domestic animals","author":"N Taira","year":"2003","unstructured":"Taira, N., Ando, Y., Williams, J.C., 2003, A colour atlas of clinical helminthology of domestic animals, First. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.","edition":"First"},{"key":"1568_CR59","volume-title":"Veterinary Parasitology","author":"MA Taylor","year":"2007","unstructured":"Taylor, M.A., Coop, R.L., Wall, R.L., 2007, Veterinary Parasitology, 3rd. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford.","edition":"3"},{"key":"1568_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02242240","volume":"20","author":"S Tembely","year":"1988","unstructured":"Tembely, S., Galvin, T., Craig, T., Traore, S., 1988, Liver fluke infections of cattle in Mali. An abattoir survey on prevalence and geographic distribution. Tropical Animal Health and Production 20, 117\u2013121.","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"},{"key":"1568_CR61","volume-title":"Veterinary Epidemiology","author":"M Thrusfield","year":"2003","unstructured":"Thrusfield, M., 2003, Veterinary Epidemiology, Second. Blackwell Science Ltd, Oxford.","edition":"Second"},{"key":"1568_CR62","first-page":"89","volume":"4","author":"B Tsegaye","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tsegaye, B., Abebaw, H., Girma, S., 2012, Study on coprological prevalence of bovine fasciolosis in and around Woreta, Northwestern Ethiopia. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health 4, 89\u201392.","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health"},{"key":"1568_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005057225427","volume":"30","author":"LW Wamae","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wamae, L.W., Hammond, J.A., Harrison, L.J.S., Onyango-Abuje, J.A., 1998, Comparison of production losses caused by chronic Fasciola gigantica infection in yearling Friesian and Boran cattle. Tropical Animal Health and Production 30, 23\u201330.","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"},{"key":"1568_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006325405239","volume":"24","author":"RM Waruiru","year":"2000","unstructured":"Waruiru, R.M., Kyvsgaard, N.C., Thamsborg, S.M., Nansen, P., B\u00f8gh, H.O., Munyua, W.K., Gathuma, J.M., 2000, The Prevalence and Intensity of Helminth and Coccidial Infections in Dairy Cattle in Central Kenya. Veterinary Research Communications 24, 39\u201353.","journal-title":"Veterinary Research Communications"},{"key":"1568_CR65","first-page":"133","volume":"77","author":"CL Yadav","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yadav, C.L., Garg, R., Kumar, R.R., Banerjee, P.S., Godara, R., 2007, Seasonal dynamics of Fasciola gigantica infection in cattle and buffaloes in Uttaranchal, India. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 77, 133\u2013135.","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Animal Sciences"},{"key":"1568_CR66","first-page":"85","volume":"3","author":"A Yeneneh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yeneneh, A., Kebede, H., Fentahun, T., Chanie, M., 2012, Prevalence of cattle flukes infection at Andassa Livestock Research Centre in north-west Ethiopia Veterinary Research Forum 3, 85\u201389.","journal-title":"Veterinary Research Forum"},{"key":"1568_CR67","first-page":"613","volume":"158","author":"A Yildrim","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yildrim, A., Ica, A., Duzlu, O., Inci, A., 2007, Prevalence and risk factors associated with Fasciola hepatica in cattle from Kayseri province, Turkey. Veterinary Medicine 158, 613\u2013617.","journal-title":"Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"1568_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(98)00136-8","volume":"78","author":"JM Yilma","year":"1998","unstructured":"Yilma, J.M., Malone, J.B., 1998, A geographic information system forecast model for strategic control of fasciolosis in Ethiopia. Veterinary Parasitology 78, 103\u2013127.","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"1568_CR69","first-page":"493","volume":"151","author":"JM Yilma","year":"2000","unstructured":"Yilma, J.M., Mesfin 2000, Dry season bovine fasciolosis in Northwestern part of Ethiopia. Revue de M\u00e9dicine V\u00e9terinaire 151, 493\u2013500.","journal-title":"Revue de M\u00e9dicine V\u00e9terinaire"},{"key":"1568_CR70","volume-title":"Veterinary Clinical Parasitology","author":"AM Zajac","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zajac, A.M., Conboy, G.A., 2006, Veterinary Clinical Parasitology, 7th. Blackwell, Iowa.","edition":"7"}],"container-title":["Tropical Animal Health and Production"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11250-018-1568-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-018-1568-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-018-1568-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]],"date-time":"2019-04-25T19:28:38Z","timestamp":1556220518000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11250-018-1568-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,26]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11250-018-1568-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-4747","1573-7438"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0049-4747","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7438","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 August 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 March 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 April 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study was approved by Murdoch University Research Animal Ethics Committee.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}