{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T01:26:00Z","timestamp":1770600360191,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,26]],"date-time":"2019-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548460800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005672","name":"FUNDECT","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["292\/2011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["292\/2011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005672","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Finance Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Finance Code 001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trop Anim Health Prod"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-019-01805-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,26]],"date-time":"2019-01-26T04:29:18Z","timestamp":1548476958000},"page":"1179-1186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Welfare and pregnancy rate of ewes undergoing transcervical artificial insemination with ketamine subarachnoid anesthesia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Renata P. B.","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gustavo G.","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"DeRossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eliane V.","family":"Costa-e-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria In\u00eas L.","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1805_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.03.001","volume":"131","author":"M \u00c1lvarez","year":"2012","unstructured":"\u00c1lvarez, M., Chamorro, C.A., Kaabi, M., Anel-L\u00f3pez, L., Boixo, J.C., Anel, E., Anel, L., and de Paz, P., 2012. Design and \u201cin vivo\u201d evaluation of two adapted catheters for intrauterine transcervical insemination in sheep. Animal Reproduction Science, 131, 153\u2013159.","journal-title":"Animal Reproduction Science"},{"key":"1805_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2006.00767.x","volume":"41","author":"L Anel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Anel, L., Alvarez, M., Martinez-Pastor, F., Garcia-Macias, V., Anel, G., and de Paz, P., 2006. Improvement strategies in ovine artificial insemination. Reproduction in Domestic Animals, 41, 30\u201342.","journal-title":"Reproduction in Domestic Animals"},{"key":"1805_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2004.07.001","volume":"63","author":"L Anel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Anel, L., Kaabi, M., Abroug, B., Alvarez, M., Anel, E., Boixo, J.C., de la Fuente, L.F., and de Paz, P., 2005. Factors influencing the success of vaginal and laparoscopic artificial insemination in churra ewes: a field assay. Theriogenology, 63, 1235\u20131247.","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"1805_CR4","first-page":"185","volume":"98","author":"JP Barbas","year":"2003","unstructured":"Barbas, J.P., Gon\u00e7alves, S.C., Baptista, M.C., Marques, C.C., Vasques, M.I., and Horta, A.E.M., 2003. Effect of vaginal application of cervix dilating agents (misoprostol and terbutalin) on AI results in ovine Portuguese local breeds. Revista Portuguesa de Ci\u00eancias Veterin\u00e1rias, 98, 185\u2013188.","journal-title":"Revista Portuguesa de Ci\u00eancias Veterin\u00e1rias"},{"key":"1805_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2015.08.007","volume":"84","author":"PM Bartlewski","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bartlewski, P.M., and Candappa, I.B.R., 2015. Assessing the usefulness of prostaglandin E2 (Cervidil) for transcervical artificial insemination in ewes. Theriogenology, 84, 1594\u20131602.","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"1805_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4273","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.138.10.5449","volume":"138","author":"DF Battaglia","year":"1997","unstructured":"Battaglia, D.F., Bowen, J.M., Krasa, H.B., Thrun, L.A., Viguie, C., and Karsch, F.J., 1997. Endotoxin inhibits the reproductive neuroendocrine axis while stimulating adrenal steroids: a simultaneous view from hypophyseal portal and peripheral blood. Endocrinology, 138, 4273\u20134281.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"1805_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-1457","volume":"146","author":"KM Breen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Breen, K.M., Billings, H.J., Wagenmaker, E.R., Wessinger, E.W., and Karsch, F.J., 2005. Endocrine basis for disruptive effect of cortisol on preovulatory events. Endocrinology, 146, 2107\u20132115.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"1805_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2006.11.015","volume":"90","author":"DJ Bristow","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bristow, D.J., and Holmes, D.S., 2007. Cortisol levels and anxiety-related behaviors in cattle. Physiology & Behavior, 90, 626\u2013628.","journal-title":"Physiology & Behavior"},{"key":"1805_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(96)00121-5","volume":"45","author":"JA Campbell","year":"1996","unstructured":"Campbell, J.A., Harvey, T.G., McDonald, M.F., and Sparksman, R.I., 1996. Transcervical insemination in sheep: an anatomical and histological evaluation. Theriogenology, 45, 1535\u20131544.","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"1805_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2009.02.004","volume":"87","author":"I Candappa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Candappa, I., Bainbridge, H., Price, N., Hourigan, P., and Bartlewski, P., 2009. A preliminary study on the suitability of Cervidil to induce cervical dilation for artificial insemination in ewes. Research in Veterinary Science, 87, 204\u2013220.","journal-title":"Research in Veterinary Science"},{"key":"1805_CR11","first-page":"557","volume-title":"Fisiologia do Comportamento","author":"NR Carlson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Carlson, N.R., 2002. Os transtornos de Ansiedade, o Autismo e o Estresse. In: Fisiologia do Comportamento (7 eds., Editora Manole, S\u00e3o Paulo), 557\u2013581.","edition":"7 eds."},{"key":"1805_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2017.07.021","volume":"103","author":"R Casali","year":"2017","unstructured":"Casali, R., Pinczak, A., Cuadro, F., Guillen-Mu\u00f1oz, J.M., Mezzalira, A., and Menchaca, A., 2017. Semen deposition by cervical, transcervical and intrauterine route for fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) in the ewe. Theriogenology, 103, 30\u201335.","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"1805_CR13","unstructured":"CBRA - Col\u00e9gio Brasileiro de Reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o Animal, 2013. Manual para Exame Androl\u00f3gico e Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de S\u00eamen Animal. third ed., Belo Horizonte, 104 p."},{"key":"1805_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00559.x","volume":"37","author":"R DeRossi","year":"2010","unstructured":"DeRossi, R., Bertoni, R.A., Ruzzon, R.H.S., Verde-Selva, A.B., and Frazilio, F.O., 2010. Segmental dorsolumbar epidural analgesia via the caudal approach using multiple port catheters with ketamine or lidocaine or in combination in cattle. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, 37, 451\u2013459.","journal-title":"Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia"},{"key":"1805_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2009.03.002","volume":"83","author":"R DeRossi","year":"2009","unstructured":"DeRossi, R., Carneiro, R.P.B., Ossuna, M.R., Zanenga, N.F., Alves, O.D., Jorge, T.P., Costa e Silva, E.V., and Vasconcelos, J., 2009. Subarachnoid ketamine administration combined with or without misoprostol\/oxytocin to facilitate cervical dilation in ewes: a case study. Small Ruminant Research, 83, 74\u201378.","journal-title":"Small Ruminant Research"},{"key":"1805_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2004.11.009","volume":"59","author":"R DeRossi","year":"2005","unstructured":"DeRossi, R., Junqueira, A.L., and Beretta, M.P., 2005. Use of ketamine or lidocaine or in combination for subarachnoid analgesia in goats. Small Ruminant Research, 59, 95\u2013101.","journal-title":"Small Ruminant Research"},{"key":"1805_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-86502012000200007","volume":"27","author":"R DeRossi","year":"2012","unstructured":"DeRossi, R., Pompermeyer, C.T.D., Silva-Neto, A.B., Barros, A.L.C., Jardim, P.H.A., and Fraz\u00edlio, F.O., 2012. Lumbosacral epidural magnesium prolongs ketamine analgesia in conscious sheep. Acta Cir\u00fargica Brasileira, 27, 137\u2013143.","journal-title":"Acta Cir\u00fargica Brasileira"},{"key":"1805_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2004.01.011","volume":"87","author":"C Grant","year":"2004","unstructured":"Grant, C., 2004. Behavioural responses of lambs to common painful husbandry procedures. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 87, 255\u2013273.","journal-title":"Applied Animal Behaviour Science"},{"key":"1805_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2009.06.001","volume":"118","author":"MC G\u00fcnd\u00fcz","year":"2010","unstructured":"G\u00fcnd\u00fcz, M.C., Turna, O., Cirit, \u00dc., U\u00e7mak, M., Tek, \u00c7., Sabuncu, A., and Bacino\u1e21lu, S., 2010. Lambing rates and litter size following carazolol administration prior to insemination in Kivircik ewes. Animal Reproduction Science, 118, 32\u201336.","journal-title":"Animal Reproduction Science"},{"key":"1805_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2010.09.023","volume":"91","author":"S Habibian","year":"2011","unstructured":"Habibian, S., Bigham, A.S., and Aali, E., 2011. Comparison of lidocaine, tramadol, and lidocaine-tramadol for epidural analgesia in lambs. Research in Veterinary Science, 91, 434\u2013438.","journal-title":"Research in Veterinary Science"},{"key":"1805_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1591(90)90089-V","volume":"26","author":"AL Hargreaves","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hargreaves, A.L., and Hutson, G.D., 1990. The stress response in sheep during routine handling procedures. Applied Animal Behavior, 26, 83\u201390.","journal-title":"Applied Animal Behavior"},{"key":"1805_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(98)00019-3","volume":"49","author":"JR Hill","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hill, J.R., Thompson, J.A., and Perkins, N.R., 1998. Factors affecting pregnancy rates following laparoscopic insemination of 28,447 merino ewes under commercial conditions: a survey. Theriogenology, 49, 697\u2013709.","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"1805_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2005.02.017","volume":"64","author":"CM Kershaw","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kershaw, C.M., Khalid, M., McGowan, M.R., Ingram, K., Leethongdee, S., Wax, G., and Scaramuzzi, R.J., 2005. The anatomy of the sheep cervix and its influence on the transcervical passage of an inseminating pipette into the uterine lumen. Theriogenology, 64, 1225\u20131235.","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"1805_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(00)00179-2","volume":"63","author":"MS Macfarlane","year":"2000","unstructured":"Macfarlane, M.S., Breen, K.M., Sakurai, H., Adams, B.M., and Adams, T.E., 2000. Effect of duration of infusion of stress-like concentrations of cortisol on follicular development and the preovulatory surge of LH in sheep. Animal Reproduction Science, 63, 167\u2013175.","journal-title":"Animal Reproduction Science"},{"key":"1805_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.2527\/1995.733812x","volume":"73","author":"JE Minton","year":"1995","unstructured":"Minton, J.E., Apple, J.K., Parsons, K.M., and Blecha, F., 1995. Stress associated concentrations of plasma cortisol cannot account for reduced lymphocyte function and changes in serum enzymes in lambs exposed to restraint and isolation stress. Journal of Animal Science, 73, 812\u2013817.","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"1805_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(94)00273-8","volume":"57","author":"E Mohr","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mohr, E., and Krzywanek, H., 1995. Endogenous oscillator and regulatory mechanisms of body temperature in sheep. Physiology & Behavior, 57, 339\u2013347.","journal-title":"Physiology & Behavior"},{"key":"1805_CR27","first-page":"62","volume-title":"Manual de controle da dor em medicina veterin\u00e1ria","author":"WW Muir III","year":"2009","unstructured":"Muir III, W.W., and Gaynor, J.S., 2009. Comportamento da dor. In: Muir III, W.W and , Gaynor, J.S., Manual de controle da dor em medicina veterin\u00e1ria (ed., MedVet, S\u00e3o Paulo), 62\u201377."},{"key":"1805_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.133.12.283","volume":"133","author":"RD Murray","year":"1993","unstructured":"Murray, R.D., and Ward, W.R., 1993. Welfare implications of modern artificial breeding techniques for dairy cattle and sheep. Veterinary Record, 133, 283\u2013286.","journal-title":"Veterinary Record"},{"key":"1805_CR29","unstructured":"Nunez, C.M.,(2009) Disposi\u00e7\u00e3o introduzida em mini expansor aplicador cervical de s\u00eamen para cabras, ovelhas e similares. Available at <\n                    http:\/\/www.patentesonline.com.br\/disposicao-introduzida-em-mini-expansor-e-aplicador-cervical-de-s\u00eamen-para-cabras-13709.html\n                    \n                  > (accessed 03.11. 09)."},{"key":"1805_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0442.2003.00525.x","volume":"50","author":"G Piccione","year":"2003","unstructured":"Piccione, G., and Caola, G., 2003. Influence of shearing on the circadian rhythm of body temperature in the sheep. Journal of Veterinary Medicine A, 50, 235\u2013240.","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Medicine A"},{"key":"1805_CR31","first-page":"127","volume":"8","author":"VS Rabassa","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rabassa, V.S., Tabele\u00e3o, V.C., Pfeifer, L.F.M., Schneider, A., Ziguer, E.A., Schossler, E., Severo, N.C., del Pino, A.B., and Corr\u00eaa, M.N., 2007. Efeito das t\u00e9cnicas transcervical e laparosc\u00f3pica sobre a taxa de prenhez de ovelhas inseminadas em tempo-fixo. Ci\u00eancia Animal Brasileira, 8, 127\u2013133.","journal-title":"Ci\u00eancia Animal Brasileira"},{"key":"1805_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2009.02.013","volume":"118","author":"N Reefman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Reefman, N., Kasz\u00e0s, F.B., Weschsler, B., and Gygax, L., 2009. Ear and tail postures indicators of emotional valence in sheep. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 118, 199\u2013207.","journal-title":"Applied Animal Behaviour Science"},{"key":"1805_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(97)84074-5","volume":"48","author":"BL Sayre","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sayre, B.L., and Lewis, G.S., 1997. Fertility and ovum fertilization rate after laparoscopic or transcervical intrauterine artificial insemination of oxytocin-treated ewes. Theriogenology, 48, 267\u2013275.","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"1805_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4324","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-0234","volume":"151","author":"AI Turner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Turner, A.I., Rivalland, E.T.A., Clarke, I.J., and Tilbrook, A.J., 2010. Stressor specificity of sex differences in hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis activity: cortisol responses to exercise, endotoxin, wetting, and isolation\/restraint stress in gonadectomized male and female sheep. Endocrinology, 151, 4324\u20134331.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"1805_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(92)91342-8","volume":"166","author":"F Witter","year":"1992","unstructured":"Witter, F., Rocco, L., and Johnson, T., 1992. A randomized trial of prostaglandin E2 in a controlled-release vaginal pessary for cervical ripening at term. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 166, 830\u2013834.","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"key":"1805_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2587","DOI":"10.2527\/1999.77102587x","volume":"77","author":"MC Wulster-Radcliffe","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wulster-Radcliffe, M.C., Costine, B.A., and Lewis, G. S., 1999. Estradiol-17-oxytocin-induced cervical dilation in sheep: application to transcervical embryo transfer. Journal of Animal Science, 77, 2587\u20132593.","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"1805_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(02)01042-7","volume":"58","author":"MC Wulster-Radcliffe","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wulster-Radcliffe, M.C., and Lewis, G., 2002. Development of a new transcervical artificial insemination method for sheep: effects of a new transcervical artificial insemination catheter and traversing the cervix on semen quality and fertility. Theriogenology, 58, 1361\u20131371.","journal-title":"Theriogenology"}],"container-title":["Tropical Animal Health and Production"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11250-019-01805-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-019-01805-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-019-01805-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,25]],"date-time":"2020-01-25T19:03:22Z","timestamp":1579979002000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11250-019-01805-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,26]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1805"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11250-019-01805-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-4747","1573-7438"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0049-4747","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7438","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 September 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 January 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All animal procedures described were approved by The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (CEUA, prot. 292\/2011).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}