{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T07:36:45Z","timestamp":1740123405201,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]],"date-time":"2019-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]],"date-time":"2019-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001866","name":"National Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NACOSTI\/RCD\/ST&I\/7THCALL\/PHD\/258"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NACOSTI\/RCD\/ST&I\/7THCALL\/PHD\/258"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001866","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trop Anim Health Prod"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-019-02054-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]],"date-time":"2019-08-26T02:02:33Z","timestamp":1566784953000},"page":"661-669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A cross-sectional epidemiological investigation of nontuberculous mycobacteria of public health importance in slaughter camels in Samburu County, Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5493-8155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas Luvai A.","family":"Asaava","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Gicheru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moses","family":"Mwangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edwin","family":"Mwangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ernest","family":"Juma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Moraa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adan","family":"Halakhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Willie Abela","family":"Githui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2054_CR1","first-page":"73","volume":"51","author":"I Ahmad","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ahmad, I., Kudi, C.A., Babashani, M., Chafe, U.M., Yakubu, Y. and Shittu, A. 2019. Tuberculosis in dromedary camels slaughtered in Nigeria: a documentation of lesions at post mortem, 51(1), 73\u201378","journal-title":"Nigeria: a documentation of lesions at post mortem"},{"issue":"4","key":"2054_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.5897\/JVMAH2014.0284","volume":"6","author":"AF Beyi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Beyi A. F.,Gezahegne, K.Z., Mussa, A., Ameni, G. and Ali, M. S. 2014. Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in dromedary camels and awareness of pastoralists about its zoonotic importance in Eastern Ethiopia, Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health,6(4), 109\u2013115.","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health"},{"key":"2054_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.03.047","volume":"107","author":"G Cheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cheng, G., Xu, D., Wang, J., Liu, C., Zhou, Y., Cui, Y., Liu, H., Wan, K., Zhou, X. 2017. Isolation and identification of multiple drug resistant tuberculosis from organs of cattle produced typical granuloma lesions, Microbial Pathogenesis, 107, 313\u2013316. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.03.047","journal-title":"Microbial Pathogenesis"},{"key":"2054_CR4","unstructured":"Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling techniques. Third edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York."},{"key":"2054_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cousins D.V. and Florisson N. 2005.A review of tests available for use in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in non-bovine species Scientific and technical review of the Office Internatinal des Epizooties, 24 (3).","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.24.3.1635"},{"key":"2054_CR6","unstructured":"De Lisle, G.W.,Bengis, R.G., Schmitt, S.M. and O\u2019Brien, D.J. 2002. Tuberculosis in free-ranging wildlife: Detection, diagnosis and management, Scientific and technical review of the Office Internatinal des Epizooties, 21 (2), 317\u2013334."},{"key":"2054_CR7","unstructured":"FAOSTAT. 2017. Camels live animals (production). The statistics division of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nation. Rome, Italy. Accessed (8\/23\/2019) at:\nhttps:\/\/www.fao.org\/faostat\/en\/search\/camels"},{"issue":"3","key":"2054_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985812467472","volume":"50","author":"S. D. Fitzgerald","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fitzgerald, S.D.and Kaneen, J.B. 2012. Wildlife reservoirs of Bovine Tuberculosis worldwide: Hosts, pathology, surveillance and control, Veterinary pathology, 50(3), 488\u2013499.","journal-title":"Veterinary Pathology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2054_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02518-09","volume":"48","author":"I. Garcia-Bocanegra","year":"2010","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Bocanegra, I.,Barranco, I., Rodr\u00edguez-G\u00f3mez, I.M., P\u00e9rez, B., G\u00f3mez-Laguna, J., Rodr\u00edguez, S., Ruiz-Villamayor, E. and Perea A. 2010. Tuberculosis in alpacas (Lama pacos) caused by Mycobacterium bovis, Journal of clinical Microbiology, 48(5), 1960\u20131964.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"2054_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-018-1177-9","volume":"18","author":"N Gcebe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gcebe, N., Michel, A.L. and Hlokwe, T.M. 2018. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria species causing mycobacterioses in farmed aquatic animals of South Africa, BMC microbiology, 18, 32","journal-title":"BMC microbiology"},{"issue":"10","key":"2054_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.102961","volume":"177","author":"A. V. Goodchild","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goodchild, A.V., Downs, S.H., Upton, P., Wood, J.L.N. and de la Rua-Domenech, R. 2015. Specificity of the comparative skin test for bovine tuberculosis in Great Britain, Veterinary Record, doi \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/vr.102961","journal-title":"Veterinary Record"},{"issue":"7","key":"2054_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-012-0085-5","volume":"44","author":"Balako Gumi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gumi, B., Schelling, E., Firdessa, R., Erenso, G., Biffa, D., Aseffa, A., Tschopp, R., Yamuah, L., Young, D. and Zinsstag, J. (2012). Low prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in Somali pastoral livestock, Southeast Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 44(7): 1445\u20131450.","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"},{"key":"2054_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-016-1928-3","volume":"9","author":"AS Hoza","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hoza, A.S., Mfinanga, S.G.M., Rodloff, A.C., Moser, I., Konig, B. 2016. Increased isolation of nontuberculous mycobacteria among TB suspects in Northeastern, Tanzania: Public health and diagnostic implications for control programs, BMC Research notes, 9, 109","journal-title":"BMC Research notes"},{"issue":"1","key":"2054_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4314\/evj.v20i1.2","volume":"20","author":"Y Jibril","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jibril, Y., Mamo, G., Hanur, I., Zewude, A. and Ameni, G. (2016). Prevalence of camel tuberculosis and associated risk factors in camels slaughtered at Akaki abattoir, Ethiopia. Ethiopian veterinary journal, 20(1): 23\u201338.","journal-title":"Ethiopian veterinary journal"},{"key":"2054_CR15","unstructured":"Kaneen, J.B.,and Thoen, C.O. 2004.Tuberculosis : Zoonosis update, Journal of the American Veterinary and Medical Association, 224(5), 685\u2013691."},{"issue":"20","key":"2054_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.5897\/AJMR2012.2339","volume":"7","author":"S Kasaye","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kasaye, S., Molla, W. and Amini, G. 2013. Prevalence of camel tuberculosis at Akaki abattoir in Addis Ababa, Ehiopia, African journal of Microbiology research, 7(20), 2184\u20132189","journal-title":"African journal of Microbiology research"},{"key":"2054_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kazda, J., Pavlik, I., Falkinham III, J.O. and Hruska, K. (Eds.). 2009.The ecology of mycobacteria: Impact on Animals and Humans health, Springer science and business media. B.V.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-9413-2"},{"key":"2054_CR18","unstructured":"Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)\/ Center for Respiratory Disease Research (CRDR). 2015. Standard operating procedures for culture of Mycobacteria."},{"key":"2054_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s13570-017-0095-z","volume":"7","author":"PO Lamuka","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lamuka, P.O.,Njeruh, F.M., Gitao, G.C. and Abey, K.A. 2017. Camel health management and pastoralists\u2019 knowledge and information on zoonoses and food safety risks in isiolo county, Kenya, Pastoralism: Research policy and practice, 7, 20","journal-title":"Pastoralism: Research policy and practice"},{"key":"2054_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15862","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015862","volume":"6","author":"G Mamo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mamo, G.,Bayelegne, G., Legesse, M., Sisay, T., Medhin, G., Bjunne, G., Abebe, F. and Ameni, G. 2011.Pathology of camel tuberculosis and molecular characterization of its causative agents in Pastoral Regions of Ethiopia, PLoS One,6, e15862.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2054_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2052.2003.00937.x","volume":"34","author":"DN Mburu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mburu, D.N.,Ochieng, J.W., Kuria, S.G., Jianlin, H., Kaufmann, B., Rege, J.E.O. and Hannote, O. 2002. Genetic diversty and relationships of indigenous Kenyan camel populations: Implications for their classification, Animal genetics, 34, 26\u201332.","journal-title":"Animal genetics"},{"key":"2054_CR22","unstructured":"Michel, A.L.2018. M. bovis infection in old world camels. In: Chambers, M., Gordon, S., Olea-popelka, F. and Barrow, P. (Eds), Bovine Tuberculosis by. CAB International, Wallingford. pp.80\u201390."},{"key":"2054_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miranda, S.M., Breiman, A., Allain, S., Deknuydt, F. and Altare, F. 2012. Review article. The tuberculous granuloma: An unsuccessful host defence mechanism providing a safe shelter for the bacteria?, Clinical and developmental Immunology, 139127","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/139127"},{"issue":"8","key":"2054_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-015-0905-5","volume":"47","author":"SD Narnaware","year":"2015","unstructured":"Narnaware, S.D., Dahiya, S.S., Tuteja, F.C., Nagarajan, G., Nath, K. and Patil, N.V. 2015. Pathology and diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis in naturally infected dromedary camels in India, Tropical animal health and production, 47(8), 1633\u20131636","journal-title":"Tropical animal health and production"},{"key":"2054_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pai, M., Behr, M.A., Dheda, K., Divangahi, M., Boehme, C.C., Ginsberg, A., Swaminathan, S., Spigelman, M., Getahun, H., Menzies, D. and Raviglione, M. 2016. Tuberculosis: Primer. Nature reviews disease primers, accessed: 2016\/10\/27\/online. Macmillan Publishers Limited. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2016.76","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.76"},{"issue":"Supplement","key":"2054_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2013.11.008","volume":"97","author":"L Perez-Lago","year":"2014","unstructured":"Perez-Lago, L., Navarro, Y. And Garcia-de-Viedma, D. 2014. Current knowledge and pending challenges in zoonosis caused by mycobacteria, A review, Research in veterinary science; 97(Supplement), S94-S100","journal-title":"Research in veterinary science"},{"key":"2054_CR27","first-page":"135","volume":"45","author":"CO Thoen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Thoen, C.O.,Lobue, P., Enarson, D.A., Kaneene, J.B. and De Kantor, I.N. 2009. Tuberculosis: A re-emerging disease of animals and humans, VeterinariaItaliana,45, 135\u2013181.","journal-title":"VeterinariaItaliana"},{"key":"2054_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thoen, C.O., LoBue, P.A., Enarson, D.A. 2014. Tuberculosis in animals and humans: An Introduction. In: Charles O. Thoen, James H. Steele, and John B. Kaneen. (Eds), Zoonotic Tuberculosis: Mycobacterium bovis and other pathogenic Mycobacteria, Third Edition. John Wiley and sons.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118474310.ch1"},{"issue":"7","key":"2054_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2007.131801","volume":"20","author":"X Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang, X., Li, H., Jiang, G., Zhao, L., Ma, Y., Javid, B. and Huang, H. 2014. Prevalence and drug resistance of nontuberculous mycobacteria, Northern China, 2008-2011, Emerging infectious diseases, 20(7), 1252\u20131253","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases"},{"issue":"3","key":"2054_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.31.3.2161","volume":"31","author":"U. WERNERY","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wernery, U., and Kinne, J., 2012. Tuberculosis in camelids: A review, Scientific and technical review of theOffice international des Epizootics, 31 (3), 899\u2013906.","journal-title":"Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'OIE"},{"key":"2054_CR31","unstructured":"World health organization (WHO). 2017.Tuberculosis fact sheet, WHO media center. Accessed 27\/7\/2017."},{"issue":"2","key":"2054_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2012.07.030","volume":"109","author":"K Zerom","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zerom, K., Tessema, T. S., Mamo, G. Bayu, Y. and Ameni, G. 2013. Tuberculosis in dromedaries in eastern Ethiopia: Abattoir-based prevalence and molecular typing of its causative agents, Small Ruminant Research, 109 (2), 188\u2013192","journal-title":"Small Ruminant Research"}],"container-title":["Tropical Animal Health and Production"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-019-02054-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11250-019-02054-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-019-02054-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]],"date-time":"2020-08-24T23:13:16Z","timestamp":1598310796000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11250-019-02054-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["2054"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11250-019-02054-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-4747","1573-7438"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0049-4747"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1573-7438"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 May 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 August 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 August 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was sought from the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Scientific and Ethical review Unit (SERU), protocol number: KEMRI\/SERU\/CRDR\/021\/3428 as well as KEMRI, Animal Care and use committee (ACUC), Ref. No. KEMRI\/ACUC\/01.04.17. Consent of the study participants was sought according to the KEMRI-SERU guidelines, while all manipulations involving the selected camels were done according to the KEMRI-ACUC guidelines and the Three Rs principle: Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement. All animal manipulations were therefore performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Research permits were granted by the national commission for science technology and innovation, Permit No. NACOSTI\/P\/17\/63884\/15855.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics review and approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}