{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:48:06Z","timestamp":1786981686131,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632096000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trop Anim Health Prod"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-021-02910-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T00:02:36Z","timestamp":1632096156000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effect of dietary phytobiotic mixture on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and immunity in weaned piglets"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Arup Kumar","family":"Samanta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jagan Mohanrao","family":"Gali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tapan Kumar","family":"Dutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tridib Kumar","family":"Rajkhowa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guru Prasad","family":"Mandal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1410-0902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amlan Kumar","family":"Patra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2910_CR1","volume-title":"Official methods of analysis","author":"AOAC","year":"2000","unstructured":"AOAC, 2000. Official methods of analysis, 17th edition, Association of official Analytical Chemists. Washington, DC.","edition":"17"},{"key":"2910_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1079\/095442200108729106","volume":"13","author":"MD Barton","year":"2000","unstructured":"Barton, M.D., 2000. Antibiotic use in animal feed and its impact on human health.\u00a0Nutr. Res. Rev. 13, 279-299.","journal-title":"Nutr. Res. Rev."},{"key":"2910_CR3","first-page":"784579","volume":"2014","author":"NS Bora","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bora. N.S., Kakoti, B.B., Gogoi, B., 2014. Study on antibacterial activity of the bark of Garcinia lanceifolia Roxb. Int. Sch. Res. Notices 2014, 784579.","journal-title":"Int. Sch. Res. Notices"},{"key":"2910_CR4","first-page":"1663","volume":"3","author":"T Chowdhury","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chowdhury, T., Handique, P.J., 2012. Evaluation of antibacterial activity and phytochemical activity of Garcinia lancifolia roxb. Int. J. Pharmaceut. Sci. Res. 3, 1663-1667.","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharmaceut. Sci. Res."},{"key":"2910_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2017.12.002","volume":"236","author":"S Chowdhury","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chowdhury, S., Mandal, G.P., Patra, A.K., 2018a. Different essential oils in diets of chickens: 1. Growth performance, nutrient utilization, nitrogen excretion, carcass traits and chemical composition of meat. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 236, 86-97.","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2910_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2017.12.003","volume":"236","author":"S Chowdhury","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chowdhury, S., Mandal, G.P., Patra, A.K., Samanta, I., Pradhan, S., Kumar, P., Samanta, A.K., 2018b. Different essential oils in diets of broiler chickens: 2. Gut microbes and morphology, immune response, and some blood profile and antioxidant enzymes. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 236, 39-47.","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2910_CR7","volume-title":"Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; eighteenth informational supplement. CLSI document M100\u201318","author":"CLSI","year":"2008","unstructured":"CLSI, 2008. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; eighteenth informational supplement. CLSI document M100-18. Wayne, PA, USA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute."},{"key":"2910_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3035","DOI":"10.2527\/2003.81123035x","volume":"81","author":"CT Collier","year":"2003","unstructured":"Collier, C.T., Smiricky-Tjardes, M.R., Albin, D.M., Wubben, J.E., Gabert, V.M., Deplancke, B., Bane, D., Anderson, D.B., Gaskins, H.R., 2003. Molecular ecological analysis of porcine ileal microbiota responses to antimicrobial growth promoters. J. Anim. Sci. 81, 3035-3045","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1879168","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1879168","volume":"2018","author":"JM D\u00edaz Carrasco","year":"2018","unstructured":"D\u00edaz Carrasco, J.M., Redondo, E.A., Pin Viso, N.D., Redondo, L.M., Farber, M.D., Fern\u00e1ndez Miyakawa, M.E., 2018. Tannins and bacitracin differentially modulate gut microbiota of broiler chickens.\u00a0Biomed Res. Int.\u00a02018, 1879168.","journal-title":"Biomed Res. Int."},{"key":"2910_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1079\/AHR2005105","volume":"6","author":"JM Fairbrother","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fairbrother, J.M., Nadeau, E., Gyles, C.L., 2005. Escherichia coli in postweaning diarrhea in pigs: an update on bacterial types, pathogenesis, and prevention strategies. Anim. Health Res. Rev. 6, 17-39.","journal-title":"Anim. Health Res. Rev."},{"key":"2910_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1080\/1828051X.2017.1350120","volume":"17","author":"MM Gheisar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gheisar, M.M., Kim, I.H.,\u00a02018.\u00a0Phytobiotics in poultry and swine nutrition \u2013 a review. Italian J. Anim. Sci.\u00a017, 92-99.","journal-title":"Italian J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2017.04.009","volume":"8","author":"A Ghosh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ghosh, A., Banik, S., Amin, M.N., Ahmed, J., 2018. Evaluation of antinociceptive, antihyperglycemic, and membrane stabilizing activities of\u00a0Garcinia lancifolia\u00a0Roxb.\u00a0J. Tradit. Complement. Med.\u00a08, 303\u2013307.","journal-title":"J. Tradit. Complement. Med."},{"key":"2910_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/85.12.2186","volume":"85","author":"J Guban","year":"2006","unstructured":"Guban, J., Korver, D.R., Allison, G.E., Tannock, G.W., 2006. Relationship of dietary antimicrobial drug administration with broiler performance, decreased population levels of\u00a0Lactobacillus salivarius, and reduced bile salt deconjugation in the ileum of broiler chickens.\u00a0Poult. Sci.\u00a085, 2186\u20132194.","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR14","volume-title":"Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis","author":"JB Harborne","year":"1998","unstructured":"Harborne, J.B., 1998. Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis, 3rd Edition, Chapman & Hall Ltd, London, New York.","edition":"3"},{"key":"2910_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2011.12.008","volume":"144","author":"JC Hong","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hong,\u00a0J.C., Steiner, T., Aufy, A., Lien, TF., 2012. Effects of supplemental essential oil on growth performance, lipid metabolites and immunity, intestinal characteristics, microbiota and carcass traits in broilers. Livest. Sci.\u00a0144,\u00a0253-262.","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR16","first-page":"495","volume":"118","author":"M Jugl-Chizzola","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jugl-Chizzola,\u00a0M., Spergser, J., Schilcher, F., Novak, J., Bucher, A., Gabler, C., Hagmuller, W., Zitterl-Eglseer, K., 2005. Effects of\u00a0Thymus vulgaris\u00a0L. as feed additive in piglets and against haemolytic\u00a0E. coli\u00a0in vitro. Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr.\u00a0118,\u00a0495-501.","journal-title":"Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr."},{"key":"2910_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15485","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1205147109","volume":"109","author":"HB Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim, H.B., Borewicz, K., White, B.A., Singer, R.S., Sreevatsan, S., Tu, Z.J., Issacson, R.E., 2012. Microbial shifts in the swine distal gut in response to the treatment with antimicrobial growth promoter, tylosin.\u00a0Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.\u00a0109, 15485\u201315490.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. u.s.a."},{"key":"2910_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2007.1453","volume":"20","author":"XF Kong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kong, X.F., Yin, Y.L., Wu, G.Y., Hou, Y.Q., Liu, H.J., Yin, F.G., Li, T.J., Huang, R.L, Ruan, Z., Xiong, H., Deng, Z.Y., Xie, M.Y., Liao, Y.Y., Chen, L.X., Kim, S.W., 2007. Dietary supplementation with Acanthopanax senticosus extract modulates cellular and humoral immunities in weaned piglets.\u00a0Asian-Austraalas. J. Anim. Sci.\u00a020, 1453\u20131461","journal-title":"Asian-Austraalas. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR19","first-page":"111","volume":"59","author":"A Kroismayr","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kroismayr,\u00a0A.,\u00a0Sehm,\u00a0J.,\u00a0Pfaffl,\u00a0M.,\u00a0Plitzner,\u00a0C.,\u00a0Foissy,\u00a0H.,\u00a0Ettle,\u00a0T.,\u00a0Schreiner,\u00a0M.,\u00a0Windisch,\u00a0W.,\u00a02008.\u00a0Effects of essential oils or Avilamycin on gut microbiology and blood parameters of weaned piglets. J. Land Manage. Food Environ. 59, 111\u2013120.","journal-title":"J. Land Manage. Food Environ."},{"key":"2910_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.3923\/pjn.2009.83.85","volume":"8","author":"A Kumar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kumar, A., Ilavarasan, R., Jayachandran, T., Decaraman, M. and Aravindhan, P., 2009. Phytochemical investigation on a tropical plant. Pak. J. Nutr. 8, 83-85.","journal-title":"Pak. J. Nutr."},{"key":"2910_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3742","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.8237","volume":"97","author":"P Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kumar, P., Patra, A.K., Mandal, G.P., Samanta, I., Pradhan, S., 2017. Effect of black cumin seeds on growth performance, nutrient utilization, immunity, gut health and nitrogen excretion in broiler chickens. J. Sci. Food Agric. 97, 3742-3751.","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"2910_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12880","volume":"102","author":"P Kumar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kumar, P., Patra, A.K., Mandal, G.P., Debnath, B.C., 2018. Carcass characteristics, chemical and fatty acid composition and oxidative stability of meat from broiler chickens fed black cumin (Nigella sativa) seeds. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 102, 769\u201377.","journal-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"2910_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12625","volume":"101","author":"RX Lan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lan, R.X., Park, J.W., Lee, D.W., Kim, IH., (2017) Effects of Astragalus membranaceus, Codonopsis pilosula and allicin mixture on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, faecal microbial shedding, immune response and meat quality in finishing pigs. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl). 101, 1122-1129.","journal-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (berl)"},{"key":"2910_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1089\/10966200360716599","volume":"6","author":"JS Lee","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lee, J.S., Jeon, S.M., Park, E.M., Huh, T.L., Kwon, O.S., Lee, M.K., Choi, M.S., 2003. Cinnamate supplementation enhances hepatic lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense systems in high cholesterol-fed rats. J. Med. Food\u00a06,\u00a0183-191.","journal-title":"J. Med. Food"},{"key":"2910_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1080\/0007166031000085508","volume":"44","author":"KW Lee","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lee,\u00a0K.W., Everts, H., Kappert, H.J., Frehner, M.,\u00a0Losa, R.,\u00a0Beynen, A.C., 2003. Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci.\u00a044,\u00a0450-457.","journal-title":"Br. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.2.673-690.2002","volume":"68","author":"TD Leser","year":"2002","unstructured":"Leser, T.D., Amenuvor, J.Z., Jensen, T.K., Lindecrona, R.H., Boye, M., Moller, K., 2002. Culture-independent analysis of gut bacteria, the pig gastrointestinal tract microbiota revisited. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68, 673\u2013690.","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"2910_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2012.12292","volume":"25","author":"P Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li, P., Piao, X., Ru, Y., Han, X., Xue, L., Zhang, H., 2012. Effects of adding essential oil to the diet of weaned pigs on performance, nutrient utilization, immune response and intestinal health.\u00a0Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 25, 1617-1626.","journal-title":"Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e76725","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076725","volume":"8","author":"Y Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li, Y., Li, J., Li, Y., Wang, X. X., Cao, A. C., 2013. Antimicrobial constituents of the leaves of Mikania micrantha H. B. K.\u00a0PloS one,\u00a08, e76725.","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"2910_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.16.0285","volume":"30","author":"K Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li, K., Xiao, Y., Chen, J., Chen, J., He, X., Yang, H., 2017. Microbial composition in different gut locations of weaning piglets receiving antibiotics.\u00a0Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 30, 78-84.","journal-title":"Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","volume":"25","author":"KJ Livak","year":"2001","unstructured":"Livak, K.J., Schmittgen, T.D., 2001. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-delta delta C(T)) method. Methods 25, 402\u2013408.","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"2910_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3210","DOI":"10.2527\/2004.82113210x","volume":"82","author":"EG Manzanilla","year":"2004","unstructured":"Manzanilla, E.G., Perez, J.F., Martin, M., Kamel, C., Baucells, F., Gasa, J., 2004. Effect of plant extracts and formic acid on the intestinal equilibrium of early-weaned pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 82, 3210-3218.","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00002-11","volume":"24","author":"BM Marshall","year":"2011","unstructured":"Marshall, B.M., Levy, S.B., 2011. Food animals and antimicrobials: impacts on human health.\u00a0Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 24, 718-733.","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"2910_CR33","first-page":"1119","volume":"159","author":"AJ McGeer","year":"1998","unstructured":"McGeer, A J., 1998. Agricultural antibiotics and resistance in human pathogens: villain or scapegoat? Can. Med. Assoc. J. 159, 1119-1120.","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"2910_CR34","first-page":"117","volume":"4","author":"MA Mehr","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mehr,\u00a0M.A., Hassanabadi, A.,\u00a0Moghadam, NA.,\u00a0Kermanshahi, H., 2014. Supplementation of clove essential oils and probiotic to the broiler\u2019s diet on performance: carcass traits and blood components. Iranian J. Appl. Anim. Sci.\u00a04,\u00a0117-122.","journal-title":"Iranian J. Appl. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.4141\/A04-005","volume":"84","author":"H Namkung","year":"2004","unstructured":"Namkung, H., Li, M., Gong, J., Yu, H., Cottrill, M., de Lange, C.F.M., 2004. Impact of feeding blends of organic acids and herbal extracts on growth performance, gut microbiota and digestive function in newly weaned pigs. Can.\u00a0J Anim Sci.\u00a084, 697\u2013704.","journal-title":"Can. J Anim Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR36","first-page":"17","volume":"7","author":"V Nandagoapalan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nandagoapalan, V., Doss, A., Marimuthu, C., 2016. Phytochemical analysis of some traditional medicinal plants.\u00a0Biosci. Discov.\u00a07, 17\u201320.","journal-title":"Biosci. Discov."},{"key":"2910_CR37","unstructured":"NRC, 1998. Nutrient Requirements of Swine. 10th revised edition,\u00a0National Academic Press,\u00a0Washington, DC, USA."},{"key":"2910_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-3926-0","volume-title":"Dietary Phytochemicals and Microbes","author":"AK Patra","year":"2012","unstructured":"Patra, A.K., 2012. An overview of antimicrobial properties of different classes of phytochemicals. A.K.\u00a0Patra\u00a0(Ed.),\u00a0Dietary Phytochemicals and Microbes,\u00a0Springer,\u00a0The Netherlands, pp.\u00a01-32."},{"key":"2910_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.36062\/ijah.57.2.2018.125-136","volume":"57","author":"AK Patra","year":"2018","unstructured":"Patra, A.K., 2018. Interactions of plant bioactives with nutrient transport systems in gut of livestock. Indian J. Anim. Health 57, 125-136.","journal-title":"Indian J. Anim. Health"},{"key":"2910_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3237","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2018.1486284","volume":"59","author":"AK Patra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Patra, A.K., Amasheh, S., Aschenbach, J.R., 2019a. Modulation of gastrointestinal barrier and nutrient transport function in farm animals by natural plant bioactive compounds - a comprehensive review. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 59, 3237-3266.","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"2910_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-019-0398-6","volume":"10","author":"AK Patra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Patra, A.K., Geiger, S., Schrapers, K., Braun, H.S., Gehlen, H., Starke, A., Pieper, R., Cieslak, A., Szumacher-Strabel, M., Aschenbach, J.R., 2019b. Effects of dietary menthol-rich bioactive lipid compounds on zootechnical traits, blood variables and gastrointestinal function in growing sheep. J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. 10, 86.","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2910_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-019-2109-0","volume":"15","author":"AK Patra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Patra, A.K., Geiger, S., Braun, H., Aschenbach, J.R., 2019c. Dietary supplementation of menthol-rich bioactive lipid compounds alters circadian eating behaviour of sheep.\u00a0BMC Vet. Res.\u00a015,\u00a0352.","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"2910_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-695X2012005000099","volume":"22","author":"LC Rufatto","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rufatto, L.C., Gower, A., Schwambach, J., Moura, S., 2012. Genus Mikania: chemical composition and phytotherapeutical activity.\u00a0Rev Bras. Farmacogn.\u00a022, 1384-1403.","journal-title":"Rev Bras. Farmacogn."},{"key":"2910_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0396.2006.00632.x","volume":"90","author":"F Schone","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schone, F., Vetter, A., Hartung, H., Bergmann, H., Biertumpfel, A., Richter, G., Muller, S., Breitschuh, G., 2006. Effects of essential oils from fennel (Foeniculi aetheroleum) and caraway (Carvi aetheroleum) in pigs. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl)\u00a090,\u00a0500-510.","journal-title":"J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl)"},{"key":"2910_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2263","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.66.5.2263-2266.2000","volume":"66","author":"A Sghir","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sghir, A., Gramet, G., Suau, A., Rochet, V., Pochart, P., Dore, J., 2000. Quantification of bacterial groups within human fecal flora by oligonucleotide probe hybridization. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66, 2263\u20132266.","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"2910_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.42.2.653-658.1983","volume":"42","author":"DM Sherman","year":"1983","unstructured":"Sherman, D.M., Acres, S.D., Sadowski, P.L., Springer, J.A., Bray, B., Raybould, T.J.L., Muscoplat, C.C., 1983. Protection of calves against fatal enteric colibacillosis by orally administered Escherichia coli K99-specific monoclonal antibody. Infect. Immun. 42, 653-658.","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2910_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0197353","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197353","volume":"13","author":"C Soler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Soler, C., Goossens, T., Bermejo, A., Migura-Garc\u00eda, L., Cusco, A., Francino, O., Fraile, L., 2018. Digestive microbiota is different in pigs receiving antimicrobials or a feed additive during the nursery period. PLoS One 13, e0197353.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2910_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-1891-4-35","volume":"4","author":"PA Thacker","year":"2013","unstructured":"Thacker, P.A., 2013. Alternatives to antibiotics as growth promoters for use in swine production: a review.\u00a0J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol.\u00a04,\u00a035.","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2910_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3120","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(88)79912-9","volume":"71","author":"LW Tjoelker","year":"1988","unstructured":"Tjoelker, L.W., Chew, B.P., Tanaka, T.S., Daniel, L.R., 1988. Bovine vitamin A and b-carotene intake and lactational status. 2. Responsiveness of mitogen stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes to vitamin A and bcarotene challenge in vitro. J. Dairy Sci. 71, 3120\u20133127.","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR50","first-page":"33","volume":"2","author":"VC Ukwe","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ukwe, V.C., Epueke, E.A., Ekwunife, O.I., Okoye,T.C., Akudor, G.C., Ubaka, C.M., 2010. Antimalarial activity of aqueous extract and fractions of leaves of Ageratum conyzoides in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. Int. J. Pharma. Sci. 2, 33-38.","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharma. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR51","first-page":"545","volume":"4","author":"MR Valiollahi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Valiollahi,\u00a0M.R., Gholami, M.,\u00a0Namjoo, A.R.,\u00a0Rahimian, Y., Rafiee, A., 2014. Effect of using sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) and ajwain (Trachyspermum copticum) powders on performance and intestinal microbial population in broiler chicks. Res. Opin. Anim. Vet. Sci.\u00a04,\u00a0545-549.","journal-title":"Res. Opin. Anim. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR52","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"P Venkatalakshmi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Venkatalakshmi, P., Vadivel, V., Brindha, P., 2016. Role of phytochemicals as immunomodulatory agents: A review. Int. J. Greener Pharm. 10, 1-18.","journal-title":"Int. J. Greener Pharm."},{"key":"2910_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/S0944-7113(96)80067-5","volume":"3","author":"ME Wall","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wall, M.E., Wani, M.C., Brown, D.M., Fullas, F., Olwald, J.B., Josephson, F.F., Thronton, N.M., Pezzuto, J.M., Beecher, C.W.W., Farnsworth, N.R., Cordell, G.A., Kinghorn, A.D., 1996. Effect of tannins on screening of plant extracts for enzyme inhibitory activity and techniques for their removal. Phytomedicine. 3, 281\u2013285.","journal-title":"Phytomedicine."},{"key":"2910_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.66.1.297-303.2000","volume":"66","author":"J Walter","year":"2000","unstructured":"Walter, J., Tannock, G.W., Tilsala-Timisjarvi, A., Rodtong, S., Loach, D., Munro, K., Alatossava, T., 2000. Detection and identification of gastrointestinal Lactobacillus species by using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and Species\u2013specific PCR primers. Appl. Environ. MIcrobiol. 66, 297-303.","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"2910_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.521","volume":"3","author":"I Wiegand","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wiegand, I., Hilpert, K., Hancock, R.E., 2008. Agar and broth dilution methods to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antimicrobial substances. Nat. Protoc. 3, 163-175.","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"2910_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2007-0459","volume":"86","author":"W Windisch","year":"2008","unstructured":"Windisch,\u00a0W., Schedle, K.,\u00a0Plitzner, C., Kroismayr, A., 2008. Use of phytogenic products as feed additives for swine and poultry. J. Anim. Sci.\u00a086,\u00a0140-148.","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2009.11.008","volume":"128","author":"L Yan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yan, L., Wang, J.P., Kim, H.J. Meng, Q.W., Ao, X., Hong, S.M., Kim, I.H., 2010. Influence of essential oil supplementation and diets with different nutrient densities on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, meat quality and fecal noxious gas content in grower\u2013finisher pigs. Livest. Sci. 128, 115\u2013122.","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2011.05.011","volume":"141","author":"L Yan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yan, L., Meng, Q.W., Kim, I.H., 2011. The effect of an herb extract mixture on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics and fecal noxious gas content in growing pigs. Livest. Sci. 141, 143-147.","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2012.02.001","volume":"145","author":"L Yan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yan,\u00a0L,\u00a0Meng,\u00a0Q.W.,\u00a0Kim,\u00a0I.H.,\u00a02012.\u00a0Effect of an herb extract mixture on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, and fecal microbial shedding in weanling pigs. Livest. Sci. 145, 189\u2013195.","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"2910_CR60","first-page":"304","volume":"4","author":"ZA Zakaria","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zakaria, Z.A., Sufian, A.S., Ramasamy, K., Ahmat, N., Sulaiman, M.R., Arifah, A.K., Zuraini, A., Somchit, M.N., 2010. In vitro antimicrobial activity of Muntingia calabura extracts and fractions. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 4, 304-308.","journal-title":"Afr. J. Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"2910_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.01035","volume":"10","author":"M Zeineldin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zeineldin, M., Aldridge, B., Lowe, J., 2019. Antimicrobial effects on swine gastrointestinal microbiota and their accompanying antibiotic resistome.\u00a0Front. Microbiol.\u00a010, 1035.","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Tropical Animal Health and Production"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-021-02910-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11250-021-02910-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-021-02910-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]],"date-time":"2021-10-27T11:15:45Z","timestamp":1635333345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11250-021-02910-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2910"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11250-021-02910-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-4747","1573-7438"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0049-4747","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7438","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 April 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 September 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 September 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The laboratory and animal experiments were carried out strictly as per the guidelines issued by \u201cCommittee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA), Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Government of India\u201d and were approved by the \u201cInstitute Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) of College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India\u201d.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"459"}}