{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:49:59Z","timestamp":1786981799979,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"VLIR-UOS TEAM project","award":["ET2018TEA462A101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ET2018TEA462A101"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trop Anim Health Prod"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-022-03200-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,2]],"date-time":"2022-06-02T23:33:01Z","timestamp":1654212781000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Exploring the functional and metabolic effects of adding garra fish meal to a plant-based broiler chicken diet"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0326-9817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Awot Teklu","family":"Mebratu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yohannes Tekle","family":"Asfaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geert Paul Jules","family":"Janssens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"3200_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-016-0097-5","volume":"7","author":"A Akbarian","year":"2016","unstructured":"Akbarian, A., Michiels, J., Degroote, J., Majdeddin, M., Golian, A., De Smet, S., 2016. Association between heat stress and oxidative stress in poultry; mitochondrial dysfunction and dietary interventions with phytochemicals. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 7, 1\u201314.","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology"},{"key":"3200_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9080573","volume":"9","author":"M Alagawany","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alagawany, M., Elnesr, S.S., Farag, M.R., Abd El-Hack, M.E., Khafaga, A.F., Taha, A.E., Tiwari, R., Yatoo, M.I., Bhatt, P., Khurana, S.K., Dhama, K., 2019. Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids in poultry nutrition: Effect on production performance and health. Animals, 9, 573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani9080573","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"3200_CR3","first-page":"42","volume":"3","author":"MA Al-Zuhairy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Al-Zuhairy, M.A., Jameel, Y.J., 2014. Effect of ND vaccine, multivitamins AD3E, and omega-3 on performance and immune response of broilers. Mirror of Research in Veterinary Sciences and Animals, 3, 42\u201350.","journal-title":"Mirror of Research in Veterinary Sciences and Animals"},{"key":"3200_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/fst.32518","volume":"38","author":"AB Amaral","year":"2018","unstructured":"Amaral, A.B., da Silva, M.V., Lannes, S.C.D., 2018. Lipid oxidation in meat: mechanisms and protective factors\u2013a review. Food Science and Technology, 38, 1\u201315.","journal-title":"Food Science and Technology"},{"key":"3200_CR5","volume-title":"Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists","author":"AOAC","year":"1990","unstructured":"AOAC, 1990. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (15th ed), (Arlington, USA).","edition":"15"},{"key":"3200_CR6","volume-title":"Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists","author":"AOAC","year":"2001","unstructured":"AOAC, 2001. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (17th ed.), (Gaithersburg publishing, Washington, USA).","edition":"17"},{"key":"3200_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2016.05.004","volume":"221","author":"J Apajalahti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Apajalahti, J., Vienola, K., 2016. Interaction between chicken intestinal microbiota and protein digestion. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 221, 323\u2013330.","journal-title":"Animal Feed Science and Technology"},{"key":"3200_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ariyadi, B., Sudaryati, S., Harimurti, S., Sasongko, H., Habibi, M.F., Rahayu, D., 2019. Effects of feed form on small intestine histomorphology of broilers. In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. IOP Publishing, Vol. 387, No. 1, p. 012047.","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/387\/1\/012047"},{"key":"3200_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2005.05.071","volume":"98","author":"L Auerswald","year":"2006","unstructured":"Auerswald, L., Morren, C., Lopata, A.L., 2006. Histamine levels in seventeen species of fresh and processed South African seafood. Food Chemistry, 98, 231\u2013239.","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"key":"3200_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-635X2005000300001","volume":"7","author":"NC Baiao","year":"2005","unstructured":"Baiao, N.C., Lara, L.J.C., 2005. Oil and fat in broiler nutrition. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 7, 129\u2013141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S1516-635X2005000300001.","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science"},{"key":"3200_CR11","first-page":"1","volume":"00","author":"TN Bayissa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bayissa, T.N., Geerardyn, M., Gobena, S., Vanhauteghem, D., Du Laing, G., Wakijra Kabeta, M., Janssens, G.P.J., 2021a. Impact of species and their edible parts on the macronutrient and mineral composition of fish from the same aquatic environment, the Gilgel Gibe Reservoir, Ethiopia. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 00, 1-9.","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition"},{"key":"3200_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-96326-3","volume":"11","author":"TN Bayissa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bayissa, T.N., Geerardyn, M., Vanhauteghem, D., Wakjira, M., Janssens, G.P.J., 2021b. Nutrient-related metabolite profiles explain differences in body composition and size in Nile tilapia from different lakes. Scientific Reports, 11, 1\u20138.","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"3200_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-021-02867-0","volume":"53","author":"KW Bedada","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bedada, K.W., Kechero, Y., Janssens, G.P.J., 2021. Seasonal and agro-ecological associations with feed resource use and milk production of ranging dairy cows in the Southern Ethiopian Rift Valley. Tropical animal health and production, 53, 1\u20138.","journal-title":"Tropical Animal Health and Production"},{"key":"3200_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blair, R., 2018. Nutrition and Feeding of Organic Poultry, 2nd ed., (CAB International, Boston, MA).","DOI":"10.1079\/9781786392985.0000"},{"key":"3200_CR15","first-page":"1","volume":"1","author":"A Brenes-Soto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brenes-Soto, A., Dierenfeld, E.S., Mu\u00f1oz-Saravia, A., Janssens, G.P., 2019. No longer a leap in the dark: the importance of protein as an energy source in amphibians. Wildlife Biology, 1, 1\u20139.","journal-title":"Wildlife Biology"},{"key":"3200_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-018-0126-x","volume":"50","author":"C Chelakkot","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chelakkot, C., Ghim, J., Ryu, S.H., 2018. Mechanisms regulating intestinal barrier integrity and its pathological implications. Experimental & molecular medicine, 50, 1\u20139.","journal-title":"Experimental & Molecular Medicine"},{"key":"3200_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-010X(19990301\/01)283:4\/5<441::AID-JEZ13>3.0.CO;2-8","volume":"283","author":"MH Clench","year":"1999","unstructured":"Clench, M.H., 1999. The avian cecum: update and motility review. Journal of experimental Zoology, 283, 441\u2013447.","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Zoology"},{"key":"3200_CR18","unstructured":"Coles, K.E., 2007. Investigation into the antioxidant capacity of L-arginine and L-citrulline in relation to their vascular protective properties, (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Cardiff University). https:\/\/orca.cardiff.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/55641"},{"key":"3200_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-008-9435-8","volume":"610","author":"T Dejenie","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dejenie, T., Asmelash, T., De Meester, L., Mulugeta, A., Gebrekidan, A., Risch, S., Pals, A., Van der Gucht, K., Vyverman, W., Nyssen, J., Deckers, J., 2008. Limnological and ecological characteristics of tropical highland reservoirs in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Hydrobiologia, 610, 193\u2013209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10750-008-9435-8","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"3200_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5452","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez343","volume":"98","author":"YA Ebsa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ebsa, Y.A., Harpal, S., Negia, G.G., 2019. Challenges and chicken production status of poultry producers in Bishoftu, Ethiopia. Poultry Science, 98, 5452\u20135455.","journal-title":"Poultry Science"},{"key":"3200_CR21","unstructured":"Eliaszewicz, M., 2004. BSE overview: consumer \u2013 risk assessment. Strategies and methods to detect and quantify mammalian tissues in feedingstuffs. In: International Symposium on \u201cFood and feed safety in the context of prion diseases\u201d, in the framework of the European project n\u00b0G6RD-2000-CT-00414, Namur, Belgium. https:\/\/stratfeed.cra.wallonie.be\/page\/Symposium_results.php"},{"key":"3200_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/76.12.1738","volume":"76","author":"YK Fan","year":"1997","unstructured":"Fan, Y.K., Croom, J., Christensen, V.L., Black, B.L., Bird, A.R., Daniel, L.R., McBride, B.W., Eisen, E.J., 1997. Jejunal glucose uptake and oxygen consumption in turkey poults selected for rapid growth. Poultry Science, 76, 1738\u20131745.","journal-title":"Poultry Science"},{"key":"3200_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-015-8467-x","volume":"50","author":"C Feng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Feng, C., Teuber, S., Gershwin, M.E., 2016. Histamine (scombroid) fish poisoning: a comprehensive review. Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology, 50, 64\u201369.","journal-title":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology"},{"key":"3200_CR24","first-page":"13","volume":"23","author":"J Fickler","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fickler, J., 2002. Fish meal: high protein does not stand for high quality. Feed International, 23, 13\u201316.","journal-title":"Feed International"},{"key":"3200_CR25","first-page":"139","volume":"81","author":"JM Forbes","year":"2003","unstructured":"Forbes, J.M., 2003. The multifactorial nature of food intake control. Journal of Animal Science, 81, 139\u2013144.","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"3200_CR26","unstructured":"Getahun, A., 2000. Systematic Studies of the African species of the Genus Garra (Pisces: Cyprinidae), Identifier Id: OCLC: 82162791, (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, City University of New York)."},{"key":"3200_CR27","first-page":"207","volume":"21","author":"A Getahun","year":"1998","unstructured":"Getahun, A. Stiassny, M.L.J., 1998. The freshwater biodiversity crisis: the case of the Ethiopian fish fauna. SINET: Ethiopian Journal of Sciences, 21, 207\u2013230.","journal-title":"SINET: Ethiopian Journal of Sciences"},{"key":"3200_CR28","volume-title":"The destruction of organic matter","author":"TT Gorsuch","year":"1970","unstructured":"Gorsuch, T.T., 1970. The destruction of organic matter (1st ed.), (Braunschweig: Pergamon Press Ltd, Oxford, New York, Toronto, Sydney).","edition":"1"},{"key":"3200_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2006.07.030","volume":"43","author":"D Grotto","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grotto, D., Santa Maria, L.D., Boeira, S., Valentini, J., Char\u00e3o, M.F., Moro, A.M., Nascimento, P.C., Pomblum, V.J., Garcia, S.C., 2007. Rapid quantification of malondialdehyde in plasma by high performance liquid chromatography\u2013visible detection. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 43, 619\u2013624.","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis"},{"key":"3200_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2014.142","volume":"77","author":"A Gucciardi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gucciardi, A., Zaramella, P., Costa, I., Pirillo, P., Nardo, D., Naturale, M., Chiandetti, L., Giordano, G., 2015. Analysis and interpretation of acylcarnitine profiles in dried blood spot and plasma of preterm and full-term newborns. Pediatric Research, 77, 36\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/pr.2014.142","journal-title":"Pediatric Research"},{"key":"3200_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.3844\/ajavsp.2011.171.175","volume":"6","author":"S Hamedi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hamedi, S., Rezaian, M., Shomali, T., 2011. Histological changes of small intestinal mucosa of cocks due to sunflower meal single feeding. American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 6, 171\u2013175.","journal-title":"American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences"},{"key":"3200_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1152\/advan.00017.2013","volume":"37","author":"KL Hamilton","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hamilton, K.L., Butt, A.G., 2013. Glucose transport into everted sacs of the small intestine of mice. Advances in Physiology Education, 37, 415\u2013426.","journal-title":"Advances in Physiology Education"},{"key":"3200_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12030848","volume":"12","author":"M Holecek","year":"2020","unstructured":"Holecek, M., 2020. Histidine in health and disease: Metabolism, physiological importance, and use as a supplement. Nutrients, 12, 848.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"3200_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-019-05777-2","volume":"65","author":"D Hollander","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hollander, D., Kaunitz, J.D., 2020. The \u201cLeaky Gut\u201d: Tight Junctions but Loose Associations?. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 65, 1277\u20131287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10620-019-05777-2","journal-title":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences"},{"key":"3200_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.15414\/afz.2015.18.01.15-19","volume":"18","author":"C Hrn\u010d\u00e1r","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hrn\u010d\u00e1r, C., Verguliakov\u00e1, S., Svorad, P., Weis, J., Apr\u00e1\u0161ov\u00e1, H., Mindek, S., Fik, M., Bujko, J., 2015. Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on fattening and carcass parameters of broiler chickens. Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica, 18, 15\u201319.","journal-title":"Acta Fytotechnica Et Zootechnica"},{"key":"3200_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2017.08.003","volume":"4","author":"D Ibrahim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ibrahim, D., El-Sayed, R., Khater, S.I., Said, E.N., El-Mandrawy, S.A.M., 2018. Changing dietary n-6: n-3 ratio using different oil sources affects performance, behavior, cytokines mRNA expression and meat fatty acid profile of broiler chickens. Animal Nutrition, 4, 44\u201351.","journal-title":"Animal Nutrition"},{"key":"3200_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e82","DOI":"10.4081\/ijas.2010.e82","volume":"9","author":"T Incharoen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Incharoen, T., Yamauchi, K.E., Erikawa, T., Gotoh, H., 2010. Histology of intestinal villi and epithelial cells in chickens fed low-crude protein or low-crude fat diets. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 9, e82.","journal-title":"Italian Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"3200_CR38","unstructured":"ISO, 1998. Meat and Meat Products - Determination of total ash, Switzerland: ISO\/936:1998. https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/24783.html"},{"key":"3200_CR39","first-page":"169","volume":"4","author":"H Izadi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Izadi, H., Arshami, J., Golian, A., Reza Raji, M., 2013. Effects of chicory root powder on growth performance and histomorphometry of jejunum in broiler chicks. Veterinary Research Forum, 4, 169\u2013174.","journal-title":"Veterinary Research Forum"},{"key":"3200_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1080\/713654972","volume":"41","author":"GPJ Janssens","year":"2000","unstructured":"Janssens, G.P.J., Mast, J., Goddeeris, B.M., Cox, E., Hesta, M., De Wilde, R.O.M., 2000. Enhanced specific antibody response to bovine serum albumin in pigeons due to L-carnitine supplementation. British Poultry Science, 41, 448\u2013453.","journal-title":"British Poultry Science"},{"key":"3200_CR41","first-page":"437","volume":"159","author":"A Karadeniz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Karadeniz, A., Simsek, N., Cakir, S., 2008. Haematological effects of dietary L-carnitine supplementation in broiler chickens. Revue de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, 159, 437\u2013444.","journal-title":"Revue De M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire"},{"key":"3200_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2006.255.258","volume":"5","author":"A Karimi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Karimi, A., 2006. The effects of varying fishmeal addition levels (%) on performance of broiler chicks. International Journal of Poultry Science, 5, 255\u2013258.","journal-title":"International Journal of Poultry Science"},{"key":"3200_CR43","first-page":"399","volume":"49","author":"M Krajcovicova-Kudlackova","year":"2000","unstructured":"Krajcovicova-Kudlackova, M., Simoncic, R., Bederova, A., Babinska, K., Beder, I., 2000. Correlation of carnitine levels to methionine and lysine intake. Physiological Research, 49, 399\u2013402.","journal-title":"Physiological Research"},{"key":"3200_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aqrep.2020.100302","volume":"17","author":"LY Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li, L.Y., Lu, D.L., Jiang, Z.Y., Limbu, S.M., Qiao, F., Chen, L.Q., Zhang, M.L., Du, Z.Y., 2020. Dietary L-carnitine improves glycogen and protein accumulation in Nile tilapia via increasing lipid-sourced energy supply: an isotope-based metabolic tracking. Aquaculture Reports, 17, p.100302.","journal-title":"Aquaculture Reports"},{"key":"3200_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.33762\/bvetr.2009.55203","volume":"8","author":"MF Majeed","year":"2009","unstructured":"Majeed, M.F., Al-Asadi, F.S., Nassir, A.A., Rahi, E.H., 2009. The morphological and histological study of the caecum in broiler chicken. Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research, 8, 19\u201325.","journal-title":"Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"3200_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2388","DOI":"10.1108\/BFJ-12-2017-0670","volume":"120","author":"N Mejrhit","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mejrhit, N., Azdad, Y., Azdad, O., Aarab, L., 2018. Determination of histamine levels in commonly consumed fish in the region of Fez: The effect of heating and enzymatic treatments. British Food Journal, 120, 2388\u20132394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/BFJ-12-2017-0670","journal-title":"British Food Journal"},{"key":"3200_CR47","unstructured":"Mekonnen, A., Jones, N., Tefera, B., 2005. Tackling Child Malnutrition in Ethiopia: Do the Sustainable Development Poverty Reduction Programme\u2019s Underlying Policy Assumptions Reflect Local Realities? Young Lives, Save the Children UK, Working Paper No.19. https:\/\/idl-bnc-idrc.dspacedirect.org\/bitstream\/handle\/10625\/46813\/133263.pdf?sequence=1"},{"key":"3200_CR48","first-page":"271","volume":"74","author":"\u017d Mikulec","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mikulec, \u017d., Mas, N., Ma\u0161ek, T., Strmoti\u0107, A., 2004. Soybean meal and sunflower meal as a substitute for fish meal in broiler diet. Veterinarski arhiv, 74, 271\u2013279.","journal-title":"Veterinarski Arhiv"},{"key":"3200_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.2527\/2004.821179x","volume":"82","author":"WD Myers","year":"2004","unstructured":"Myers, W.D., Ludden, P.A., Nayigihugu, V., Hess, B.W., 2004. Technical Note: A procedure for the preparation and quantitative analysis of samples for titanium dioxide, Journal of Animal Science, 82, 179\u2013183.","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"3200_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9060301","volume":"9","author":"I Prakatur","year":"2019","unstructured":"Prakatur, I., Miskulin, M., Pavic, M., Marjanovic, K., Blazicevic, V., Miskulin, I., Domacinovic, M., 2019. Intestinal morphology in broiler chickens supplemented with propolis and bee pollen. Animals, 9, 301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani9060301","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"3200_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schaafstra, F.J.W.C., van Doorn, D.A., Schonewille, J.T., van Riet, M.M.J., Visser, P., Blok, M.C. and Hendriks, W.H., 2017. Evaluation of methodological aspects of digestibility measurements in ponies fed different haylage to concentrate ratios. Animal, 11, 1922\u20131929.","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731117000751"},{"key":"3200_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2337\/db12-0466","volume":"62","author":"MG Schooneman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schooneman, M.G., Vaz, F.M., Houten, S.M., Soeters, M.R., 2013. Acylcarnitines: reflecting or inflicting insulin resistance?. Diabetes, 62, 1\u20138.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"3200_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1080\/0007166021000025037","volume":"43","author":"B Svihus","year":"2010","unstructured":"Svihus, B., Hetland, H., Choct, M., Sundby, F., 2010. British Poultry Science, 43, 662\u2013668.","journal-title":"British Poultry Science"},{"key":"3200_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3945\/an.111.000893","volume":"3","author":"D Swanson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Swanson, D., Block, R., Mousa, S.A. 2012. Omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA: Health benefits throughout life. Advances in Nutrition, 3, 1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/an.111.000893.","journal-title":"Advances in Nutrition"},{"key":"3200_CR55","first-page":"221","volume":"8","author":"E Thiry","year":"2004","unstructured":"Thiry, E., Saegerman, C., Xambeu, L., Penders, J., 2004. Current status of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in ruminants. Biotechnology, Agronomy and Society and Environment, 8, 221\u2013228.","journal-title":"Biotechnology, Agronomy and Society and Environment"},{"key":"3200_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00499319","volume":"25","author":"S Tsuji","year":"1987","unstructured":"Tsuji, S., Kanazawa, S., 1987. Chicken ornithine transacarbamylase: Its unexpected expression. Biochemical genetics, 25, 259\u2013266.","journal-title":"Biochemical Genetics"},{"key":"3200_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5044","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-1859","volume":"101","author":"G Xu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xu, G., Hansen, J.S., Zhao, X.J., Chen, S., Hoene, M., Wang, X.L., Clemmesen, J.O., Secher, N.H., Haring, H.U., Pedersen, B.K., Lehmann, R., Weigert, C., Plomgaard. P., 2016. Liver and muscle contribute differently to the plasma acylcarnitine pool during fasting and exercise in humans. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 101, 5044\u20135052.","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"3200_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1038\/nm788","volume":"8","author":"T Yamauchi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Yamauchi, T., Kamon, J., Minokoshi, Y.A., Ito, Y., Waki, H., Uchida, S., Yamashita, S., Noda, M., Kita, S., Ueki, K., Eto, K., 2002. Adiponectin stimulates glucose utilization and fatty-acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase. Nature medicine, 8, 1288\u20131295.","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"3200_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-14685","volume":"102","author":"Y Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang, Y., Sadri, H., Prehn, C., Adamski, J., Rehage, J., D\u00e4nicke, S., Saremi, B., Sauerwein, H., 2019. Acylcarnitine profiles in serum and muscle of dairy cows receiving conjugated linoleic acids or a control fat supplement during early lactation. Journal of dairy science, 102, 754\u2013767. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2018-14685","journal-title":"Journal of Dairy Science"}],"container-title":["Tropical Animal Health and Production"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-022-03200-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11250-022-03200-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-022-03200-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,13]],"date-time":"2022-11-13T16:08:04Z","timestamp":1668355684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11250-022-03200-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["3200"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11250-022-03200-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-4747","1573-7438"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0049-4747","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7438","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 November 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 May 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 June 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was carried out following the guidelines and approval of the research policy of the Animal Ethics Committee, Mekelle University, Ethiopia. The care of experimental chickens was performed in accordance with the international ethical standards declaration.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"196"}}