{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T02:46:54Z","timestamp":1790390814062,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765843200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trop Anim Health Prod"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-025-04813-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T08:19:35Z","timestamp":1765873175000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pseudopregnancy in dromedary camels: hematological and biochemical profiles and therapeutic responses"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8495-4623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derar R.","family":"Derar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid S.","family":"Almushawwah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelfattah","family":"Elfeky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thamer S.","family":"Almzid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousef M.","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saher","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"4813_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abdoon AS, Giraud-Delville C, Kandil OM, Kerboeuf-Giraud A, Eoz\u00e9nou C, Carvalho AV, Julian S, Sandra O (2017) Maternal recognition of pregnancy and implantation not associated with an interferon response of the endometrium to the presence of the conceptus in dromedary camel. Theriogenology 90:301\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2016.11.033","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2016.11.033"},{"issue":"1","key":"4813_CR3","first-page":"19","volume":"26","author":"OO Ajala","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ajala OO, Fayemi OO, Kolawole TO (2011) Erythrocytic parameters as indicators for differentiating between the pregnant and pseudopregnant bitches in Nigeria. Niger J Physiol Sci 26(1):19\u201322","journal-title":"Niger J Physiol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"4813_CR4","first-page":"89","volume":"30","author":"KA Al-Busadah","year":"2010","unstructured":"Al-Busadah KA, Osman TEA (2010) Hematological profile in different physiological stages of female dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia. Pak Vet J 30(2):89\u201392","journal-title":"Pak Vet J"},{"key":"4813_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2025.01.010","volume":"235","author":"KS Almushawwah","year":"2025","unstructured":"Almushawwah KS, Derar DR, Ali A (2025) Pseudopregnancy in dromedary camels: characterization, prevalence, and clinical and hormonal properties. Theriogenology 235:196\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2025.01.010","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"4813_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2023.107328","volume":"257","author":"A Ali","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ali A, Derar DR (2023) Clinical and subclinical endometritis in dromedary camels: an overview of definition and clinical presentation, etiopathogenesis, diagnostic biomarkers, and treatment protocols. Anim Reprod Sci 257:107328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2023.107328","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"4813_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-018-1545-3","volume":"50","author":"A Ali","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ali A, Derar D, Alsharari A, Khalil R, Almundarij TI, Alboti Y, Al-Sobayil F (2018) Factors affecting reproductive performance in dromedary camel herds in Saudi Arabia. Trop Anim Health Prod 50(5):1155\u20131160","journal-title":"Trop Anim Health Prod"},{"key":"4813_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ali A, Derar R, Al-Sobayil F, Al-Hawas A, Hassanein K (2015) A retrospective study on clinical findings of 7300 cases (2007-2014) of barren female dromedaries. Theriogenology 84(3):452\u2013456. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2015.03.039","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2015.03.039"},{"issue":"2-4","key":"4813_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2009.08.014","volume":"118","author":"A Ali","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ali A, Tharwat M, Al-Sobayil FA (2010) Hormonal, biochemical, and hematologicalprofiles in female camels (Camelus dromedarius) affected with reproductive disorders. Anim Reprod Sci 118(2-4):372\u2013376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2009.08.014","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"4813_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70054","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.70054","volume":"60","author":"E Arroyo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Arroyo E, Laquiz-Silva N (2025) Ovarian dynamics and pathological conditions in camelids. Reprod Domest Anim 60(3):e70054. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/rda.70054","journal-title":"Reprod Domest Anim"},{"key":"4813_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2019.09.024","volume":"141","author":"K Bandai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bandai K, Kusaka H, Miura H, Kikuchi M, Sakaguchi M (2020) A simple and practicalshort-term timed artificial insemination protocol using estradiol benzoate with prostaglandin F2\u03b1 in lactating dairy cows. Theriogenology 141:197\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2019.09.024","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"4813_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14269","volume":"58","author":"CP Bianchi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bianchi CP, Gallelli MF, Herrera JM, Benavente MA, Rossetto L, Aba MA (2023) Current knowledge about the processes of luteolysis and maternal recognition of pregnancy in camelids. Reprod Domest Anim 58:3\u20139","journal-title":"Reprod Domest Anim"},{"key":"4813_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104220","volume":"121","author":"L Dirikolu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dirikolu L, Waller P, Malveaux K, Lucas CH, Lomnicka I, Pourciau A, Bennadji H, Liu CC (2023) Total carbon dioxide (TCO2) concentrations in thoroughbred and quarter racehorses in Louisiana. J Equine Vet Sci 121:104220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104220","journal-title":"J Equine Vet Sci"},{"key":"4813_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-95562-9","volume-title":"Camel clinical biochemistry & hematology","author":"B Faye","year":"2018","unstructured":"Faye B, Bengoumi M (2018) Camel clinical biochemistry & hematology. Springer."},{"key":"4813_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.9755\/ejfa.v12i1.5193","volume":"13","author":"B Faye","year":"2001","unstructured":"Faye B, Bengoumi M, Cleradin A, Tabarani A, Chilliard Y (2001) Body condition score in dromedary camel: a tool for management of reproduction. Emir J Food Agric 13:1\u20136","journal-title":"Emir J Food Agric"},{"key":"4813_CR16","volume-title":"Schalm\u2019s veterinary hematology","author":"BF Feldman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Feldman BF, Zinkl JG, Jain NC (2000) Schalm\u2019s veterinary hematology, Fifth edn . Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, MD, USA","edition":"Fifth edn"},{"key":"4813_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2019.04.004","volume":"132","author":"OJ Ginther","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ginther OJ, Domingues RR, Kennedy VC, Dangudubiyyam SV (2019) Endogenous and exogenous effects of PGF2\u03b1 during luteolysis in mares. Theriogenology 132:45\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2019.04.004","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"issue":"6","key":"4813_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.20524\/aog.2022.0748","volume":"35","author":"JG Hashash","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hashash JG, Koutroumpakis F, Anderson AM, Rivers CR, Hosni M, Koutroubakis IE, Ahsan M, Gkiaouraki E, Dunn MA, Schwartz M, Barrie A, Babichenko D, Tang G, Binion DG (2022) Elevated serum globulin fraction as a biomarker of multiyear disease severity in inflammatory bowel disease. Ann Gastroenterol 35(6):609\u2013617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20524\/aog.2022.0748","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4813_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2017.11.019","volume":"188","author":"M Heppelmann","year":"2018","unstructured":"Heppelmann M, Volland J, Pfarrer C, Kietzmann M, B\u00e4umer W, Merbach S, Schoon HA, Wellnitz O, Schmicke M, Hoedemaker M, Bollwein H (2018) Effects ofoxytocin and PGF2\u03b1 on uterine contractility in cows with and without metritis-An in-vitro study. Anim Reprod Sci 188:144\u2013154","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"key":"4813_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2005.09.007","volume":"69","author":"S Herath","year":"2006","unstructured":"Herath S, Dobson H, Bryant CE, Sheldon IM (2006) Use of the cow as a large animal model of uterine infection and immunity. J Reprod Immunol 69:13\u201322","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"4813_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2020.106602","volume":"222","author":"J Hussen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hussen J, Shawaf T, Al-Mubarak AIA, Humam NAA, Almathen F, Schuberth HJ (2020) Leukocyte populations in peripheral blood of dromedary camels with clinical endometritis. Anim Reprod Sci 222:106602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2020.106602","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"4813_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2091","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-023-07908-1","volume":"122","author":"S Jafari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jafari S, Sharifiyazdi H, Yaghoobpour T, Ghane M, Nazifi S (2023) Molecular andhematological investigation of trypanosoma evansi infection in iranian one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius). Parasitol Res 122(9):2091\u20132099. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00436-023-07908-1","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"4813_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim SO, Markosyan N, Pepe GJ, Duffy DM (2015) Estrogen promotes luteolysis by redistributing prostaglandin F2\u03b1 receptors within primate luteal cells. Reproduction 149,453\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/REP-14-0412","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-14-0412"},{"key":"4813_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2019.107911","volume":"167","author":"SR Ladyman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ladyman SR, Hackwell EC, R.s B (2020) The role of prolactin in co-ordinating fertility and metabolic adaptations during reproduction. Neuropharmacology 167:107911. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2019.107911","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"4813_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.05.010","volume":"132","author":"P Nagy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nagy P, Juhasz J (2012) Fertility after ovarian follicular wave synchronization and fixed-time natural mating compared to random natural mating in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius). Anim Reprod Sci 132(3-4):223\u2013230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.05.010","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"key":"4813_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2020.106327","volume":"215","author":"D Refaat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Refaat D, Ali A, Saeed EM, Al-Sobayil F, Al-Samri A, Elbehiry A (2020) Diagnostic evaluation of subclinical endometritis in dromedary camels. Anim Reprod Sci 215:106327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2020.106327","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"key":"4813_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.1999.tb01259.x","volume":"34","author":"WJ Silvia","year":"2007","unstructured":"Silvia WJ (2007) The role of uterine and ovarian hormones in luteolysis: a comparison among species. Reprod Domest Anim 34:317\u2013328","journal-title":"Reprod Domest Anim"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"4813_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2008.08.024","volume":"114","author":"JA Skidmore","year":"2009","unstructured":"Skidmore JA, Adams GP, Billah M (2009) Synchronisation of ovarian follicular waves in the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius). Anim Reprod Sci 114(1-3):249\u2013255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2008.08.024","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"key":"4813_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2017.12.011","volume":"109","author":"A Tibary","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tibary A (2018) Monitoring and controlling follicular activity in camelids. Theriogenology 109:22\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2017.12.011","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"issue":"3","key":"4813_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2006.04.008","volume":"66","author":"A Tibary","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tibary A, Fite C, Anouassi A, Sghiri A (2006) Infectious causes of reproductive loss in camelids. Theriogenology 66(3):633\u2013647. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2006.04.008","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"issue":"5","key":"4813_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2006.05.022","volume":"67","author":"T Tsutsui","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tsutsui T, Kirihara N, Hori T, Concannon PW (2007) Plasma progesterone and prolactinconcentrations in overtly pseudopregnant bitches: a clinical study. Theriogenology 67(5):1032\u20131038. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2006.05.022","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"4813_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2005.07.015","volume":"61","author":"JL Vaughan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vaughan JL, Tibary A (2006) Reproduction in female South American camelids: a review and clinical observations. Small Rumin Res 61(2\u20133):259\u2013281","journal-title":"Small Rumin Res"},{"issue":"43","key":"4813_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37067","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.290056","volume":"286","author":"CU Vohwinkel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vohwinkel CU, Lecuona E, Sun H, Sommer N, Vad\u00e1sz I, Chandel NS, Sznajder JI (2011) Elevated CO(2) levels cause mitochondrial dysfunction and impair cell proliferation. J Biol Chem 286(43):37067\u201337076. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M111.290056","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4813_CR34","first-page":"82","volume":"9","author":"HA Zaher","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zaher HA, Al-Fares AF, Badawi ME, Almansoori ES, Swelum AA (2021) Efficacy ofdifferent doses of cloprostenol in the treatment of the persistently elevated progesteronemia in infertile dromedary camel. Adv Anim Vet Sci 9:82\u201393","journal-title":"Adv Anim Vet Sci"}],"container-title":["Tropical Animal Health and Production"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-025-04813-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11250-025-04813-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-025-04813-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T13:04:16Z","timestamp":1769691856000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11250-025-04813-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["4813"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11250-025-04813-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-4747","1573-7438"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0049-4747","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7438","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration"}},{"value":"The Animal Care and Welfare Committee of the Deanship of Scientific Research at Qassim University in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia approved this study (No: 12\/45-46). All procedures complied with welfare standards; hormonal and antibiotic administrations were conducted under veterinary supervision, and no adverse effects were observed.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"There are no conflicts of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interest"}}],"article-number":"4"}}