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A total of 864 one-day-old chicks from four commercial slow-growing strains (Pesco\u00e7o Pelado Hubbard, Pesco\u00e7o Pelado Sasso, Pesad\u00e3o Hubbard, and Pesad\u00e3o Sasso) were assigned to a completely randomized 4\u2009\u00d7\u20092 factorial design (strain \u00d7 sex). Growth performance was evaluated at 70, 77, and 84 d of age, and carcass traits and meat quality parameters were assessed at each slaughter age. Male birds showed greater body weight, higher feed intake, and better feed conversion ratio than females at all evaluated ages (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Pesco\u00e7o Pelado Hubbard and Pesad\u00e3o Hubbard strains exhibited superior growth performance compared with the Sasso strains (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Females showed greater breast yield, whereas males had higher thigh\u2013drumstick yield (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). A significant strain \u00d7 sex interaction was observed for carcass yield at 77 d (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), with Pesco\u00e7o Pelado Hubbard males showing greater carcass yield than females of the same strain, whereas no sex differences were observed within the other strains. Meat quality traits differed according to strain and sex at specific slaughter ages, particularly in colour parameters, pH, cooking loss, and shear force (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). A significant strain \u00d7 sex interaction was observed for cooking loss at 84 d (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), with Pesad\u00e3o Sasso females showing greater cooking loss than males of the same strain, whereas no sex differences occurred within the other strains. These interactions demonstrate that the effect of sex on specific carcass and meat quality traits can vary among genotypes at particular slaughter ages. Overall, Hubbard strains demonstrated superior productive performance under semi-intensive free-range conditions, while the genotype-specific sex responses observed for carcass yield and cooking loss highlight the importance of considering both factors when defining slaughter strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-026-05328-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T05:07:04Z","timestamp":1788844024000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Growth performance, carcass traits, and breast meat quality of slow-growing broiler strains reared in a free-range system: effects of genotype and sex at different slaughter ages"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Marcela Batista","family":"Lacerda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8547-4149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean Kaique","family":"Valentim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodolpho","family":"de Almeida Torres Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udio Vieira","family":"de Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raiane Azeredo","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eug\u00eania Viana","family":"Romanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cleube Andrade","family":"Boari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander Alexandre","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra Regina Freitas","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"5328_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-020-02485-4","volume":"53","author":"T Aksoy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aksoy T, Narinc D, \u00d6nen\u00e7 A, Ilaslan \u00c7\u00fcrek D (2021) Effects of season, genotype and rearing system on some meat quality traits for broilers raised in semi-intensive systems. 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All experimental procedures were reviewed and approved by the Animal Use Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), under protocol number 12\/2020.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Animal welfare","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"513"}}