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A total of 98 cow\u2013calf pairs were monitored from birth until slaughter (males) or first calving (females). Blood samples were analyzed by qPCR and iELISA for\n                    <jats:italic>Anaplasma marginale<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Babesia bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Babesia bigemina<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Vertical transmission was detected only for\n                    <jats:italic>A. marginale<\/jats:italic>\n                    (6.5%). At 20 days of age, qPCR detected\n                    <jats:italic>A. marginale<\/jats:italic>\n                    DNA in 85% of calves and\n                    <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. DNA in 60\u201380%, indicating early exposure and active infection. Tick burden was the only variable independently associated with both blood smear positivity and bacteremia, providing observational evidence of a potential epidemiological role of\n                    <jats:italic>R. microplus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in\n                    <jats:italic>A. marginale<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection under field conditions. Low\n                    <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                    parasitemia precluded comparative analyses between sexes. Serological prevalence exceeded 75%, indicating widespread exposure within the herd. Nevertheless, clinical cases of anaplasmosis occurred in 20-day-old calves, 8\u20139-month-old steers, and 13\u201314-month-old heifers, suggesting that seropositivity alone was not sufficient to prevent clinical disease. These findings reveal significant shifts in the epidemiology of tick fever under tropical conditions, characterized by early infection, widespread pathogen exposure, and the persistence of clinical disease, emphasizing the need to reassess current control strategies for tick fever in beef herds.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-026-05341-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T15:40:07Z","timestamp":1790005207000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vertical transmission, infection dynamics and risk factors for the occurrence of tick fever agents in beef cattle from a tropical region"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Lidia Mendes","family":"de Aquino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor Maciel Lopes","family":"de Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa Ferreira","family":"Salvador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luccas Lourenzzo Lima Lins","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warley Vieira","family":"de Freitas Paula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel C\u00e2ndido","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz Felipe Monteiro","family":"Couto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina Maria Beltran","family":"Zapa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana Maffini","family":"Heller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus Antonio Martins","family":"Buso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evandro Davanco Ferreira","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"da Silva Krawczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorena Lopes","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila Valgas","family":"Bastos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosangela Zacarias","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vando Ed\u00e9sio","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8009-8436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Welber Daniel Zanetti","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"5341_CR3","first-page":"37","volume":"30","author":"DH Aguirre","year":"1988","unstructured":"Aguirre DH, Berm\u00fadez AC, Mangold AJ, Guglielmone AA (1988) Infeccion natural con Anaplasma marginale en bovinos de raza Hereford, Criolla y Nelore em Tucum\u00b4an. 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