{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:04:21Z","timestamp":1790111061147,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018-03583"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-03583"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trop Anim Health Prod"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-026-05368-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T20:06:41Z","timestamp":1790107601000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Staphylococcus aureus contamination in traditional buffalo milk supply chain in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9739-6942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salma","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuvo","family":"Singha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Boqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Mizanur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel Soares","family":"Fillipe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Lecchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Ahasanul","family":"Hoque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Ceciliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"5368_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.07.007","volume":"222","author":"MU Alam","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alam MU, Rahman M, Islam MA, Asaduzzaman M, Sarker S, Rousham E, Unicomb L (2019) Human exposure to antimicrobial resistance from poultry production: assessing hygiene and waste-disposal practices in Bangladesh. Int J Hyg Environ Health 222:1068\u20131076. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.07.007","journal-title":"Int J Hyg Environ Health"},{"key":"5368_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6238754","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/6238754","volume":"2023","author":"EA Alembo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alembo EA, Torka TT (2023) Prevalence, contamination level, and associated factors of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in raw cow milk at selected districts of Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Vet Med Int 2023:6238754. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/6238754","journal-title":"Vet Med Int"},{"key":"5368_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2524-4","volume":"17","author":"BB Asiimwe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Asiimwe BB, Baldan R, Trovato A, Cirillo DM (2017) Prevalence and molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains, isolated from bulk can milk and raw milk products in pastoral communities of South-West Uganda. BMC Infect Dis 17:422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-017-2524-4","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"5368_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8607","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11310","volume":"99","author":"\u00d6 Aslanta\u015f","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aslanta\u015f \u00d6, Demir C (2016) Investigation of the antibiotic resistance and biofilm-forming ability of Staphylococcus aureus from subclinical bovine mastitis cases. J Dairy Sci 99:8607\u20138613. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2016-11310","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"5368_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-017-1048-9","volume":"17","author":"Y Ayele","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ayele Y, Gutema FD, Edao BM, Girma R, Tufa TB, Beyene TJ, Tadesse F, Geloye M, Beyi AF (2017) Assessment of Staphylococcus aureus along milk value chain and its public health importance in Sebeta, central Oromia, Ethiopia. BMC Microbiol 17:141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-017-1048-9","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"5368_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/s10123-022-00317-x","volume":"26","author":"BM Borena","year":"2023","unstructured":"Borena BM, Gurmessa FT, Gebremedhin EZ, Sarba EJ, Marami LM (2023) Staphylococcus aureus in cow milk and milk products in Ambo and Bako towns, Oromia, Ethiopia: prevalence, associated risk factors, hygienic quality, and antibiogram. Int Microbiol 26:513\u2013527. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10123-022-00317-x","journal-title":"Int Microbiol"},{"key":"5368_CR7","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2024) National antimicrobial resistance monitoring system. Glossary of terms related to antimicrobial resistance. Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/narms\/glossary\/index.html#:~:text=M,Microbes,three%20or%20more%20drug%20classes (accessed 2024)"},{"key":"5368_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chowdhury S, Singha S, Rahman MM, Nath SC, Paul OB, Mannan MA, Ceciliani F (2025) Milk quality in a traditional buffalo milk production chain in Bangladesh. Microbe 100605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.microb.2025.100605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microb.2025.100605"},{"key":"5368_CR9","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) (2021) Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. (31st ed. CLSI supplement M100). Available at: https:\/\/clsi.org\/media\/z2uhcbmv\/m100ed31_sample.pdf (accessed 6 May 2025)"},{"key":"5368_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40550-022-00094-5","volume":"9","author":"A Deddefo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Deddefo A, Mamo G, Leta S, Amenu K (2022) Prevalence and molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk and milk products in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Food Contam 9:8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40550-022-00094-5","journal-title":"Int J Food Contam"},{"key":"5368_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2023.1562-1571","volume":"16","author":"KAA El-Razik","year":"2023","unstructured":"El-Razik KAA, Arafa AA, Fouad EA, Soror AH, Abdalhamed AM, Elgioushy M (2023) Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of erythromycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis in Egypt. Vet World 16:1562\u20131571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14202\/vetworld.2023.1562-1571","journal-title":"Vet World"},{"key":"5368_CR12","unstructured":"European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) (2022) Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Available at: https:\/\/www.eucast.org\/clinical_breakpoints (accessed 6 May 2025)"},{"key":"5368_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1007\/s40588-018-0094-x","volume":"5","author":"A Fetsch","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fetsch A, Johler S (2018) Staphylococcus aureus as a foodborne pathogen. Curr Clin Microbiol Rep 5:88\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40588-018-0094-x","journal-title":"Curr Clin Microbiol Rep"},{"key":"5368_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7606","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-8455","volume":"97","author":"J Guccione","year":"2014","unstructured":"Guccione J, Cosandey A, Pesce A, Di Loria A, Pascale M, Piantedosi D, Steiner A, Graber HU, Ciaramella P (2014) Clinical outcomes and molecular genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk samples of dairy primiparous Mediterranean buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). J Dairy Sci 97:7606\u20137613. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2014-8455","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"5368_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.24425\/pjvs.2022.140840","volume":"25","author":"H Gurler","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gurler H, Findik A, Sezener MG (2022) Determination of antibiotic resistance profiles and biofilm production of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from Anatolian water buffalo milk with subclinical mastitis. Pol J Vet Sci 25:51\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24425\/pjvs.2022.140840","journal-title":"Pol J Vet Sci"},{"key":"5368_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3329\/ajmbr.v3i3.34518","volume":"3","author":"MR Habib","year":"2017","unstructured":"Habib MR, Haque MN, Rahman A, Aftabuzzaman M, Ali MM, Shahjahan MJ (2017) Dairy buffalo production scenario in Bangladesh: a review. Asian J Med Biol Res 3:305\u2013316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3329\/ajmbr.v3i3.34518","journal-title":"Asian J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"5368_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3878","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-07845-6","volume":"12","author":"S Hassani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hassani S, Moosavy M-H, Gharajalar SN, Khatibi SA, Hajibemani A, Barabadi Z (2022) High prevalence of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic foodborne bacteria isolated from bovine milk. Sci Rep 12:3878. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-07845-6","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"5368_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2631","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.942","volume":"8","author":"MN Hoque","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hoque MN, Talukder AK, Saha O, Hasan MM, Sultana M, Rahman AA, Das ZC (2022) Antibiogram and virulence profiling reveals multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus as the predominant aetiology of subclinical mastitis in riverine buffaloes. Vet Med Sci 8:2631\u20132645. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/vms3.942","journal-title":"Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"5368_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2451","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(06)72318-9","volume":"89","author":"BM Jayarao","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jayarao BM, Donaldson SC, Straley BA, Sawant AA, Hegde NV, Brown JL (2006) A survey of foodborne pathogens in bulk tank milk and raw milk consumption among farm families in Pennsylvania. J Dairy Sci 89:2451\u20132458. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(06)72318-9","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"5368_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2022.0044","volume":"19","author":"JA Khan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khan JA, Rathore RS, Ahmad I, Gill R, Husain FM, Arshad M, Alam P, Albalawi T, Al-Kheraif A, Akhtar J, Albarakaty FM, Neyaz LA, Elbanna K, Abulreesh HH (2022) Assessment of foodborne bacterial pathogens in buffalo raw milk using polymerase chain reaction based assay. Foodborne Pathog Dis 19:750\u2013757. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/fpd.2022.0044","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"5368_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01603","volume":"7","author":"J K\u00fcmmel","year":"2016","unstructured":"K\u00fcmmel J, Stessl B, Gonano M, Walcher G, Bereuter O, Fricker M, Grunert T, Wagner M, Ehling-Schulz M (2016) Staphylococcus aureus entrance into the dairy chain: tracking S. aureus from dairy cow to cheese. Front Microbiol 7:1603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01603","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"5368_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.06.007","volume":"235","author":"G Meroni","year":"2019","unstructured":"Meroni G, Zamarian V, Prussiani C, Bronzo V, Lecchi C, Martino PA, Ceciliani F (2019) The bovine acute phase protein \u03b1(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) can disrupt Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. Vet Microbiol 235:93\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.06.007","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"5368_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00319","volume":"7","author":"A Merz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Merz A, Stephan R, Johler S (2016) Staphylococcus aureus isolates from goat and sheep milk seem to be closely related and differ from isolates detected from bovine milk. Front Microbiol 7:319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00319","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5368_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1007\/s13594-015-0233-6","volume":"95","author":"N Metzger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Metzger N, Alvarez-Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez A, Leong D, Hunt K, Jordan K (2015) Survival of foodborne pathogens during frozen storage of cheese made from artificially inoculated milk. Dairy Sci Technol 95(5):759\u2013767. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13594-015-0233-6","journal-title":"Dairy Sci Technol"},{"key":"5368_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570413","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.570413","volume":"7","author":"AHH Minervino","year":"2020","unstructured":"Minervino AHH, Zava M, Vecchio D, Borghese A (2020) Bubalus bubalis: a short story. Front Vet Sci 7:570413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2020.570413","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"5368_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(06)72165-8","volume":"89","author":"P Moroni","year":"2006","unstructured":"Moroni P, Rossi CS, Pisoni G, Bronzo V, Castiglioni B, Boettcher P (2006) Relationships between somatic cell count and intramammary infection in buffaloes. J Dairy Sci 89:998\u20131003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(06)72165-8","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"5368_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0001305","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0001305","volume":"3","author":"R Mulchandani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mulchandani R, Wang Y, Gilbert M, Van Boeckel TP (2023) Global trends in antimicrobial use in food-producing animals: 2020 to 2030. PLOS Glob Public Health 3:e0001305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.0001305","journal-title":"PLOS Glob Public Health"},{"key":"5368_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Naseer MA, Aqib AI, Ashar A, Saleem MI, Shoaib M, Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar M, Ashfaq K, Bhutta ZA, Nighat S (2021) Detection of altered pattern of antibiogram and biofilm character in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dairy milk. Pak J Zool 53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17582\/journal.pjz\/20191203161254","DOI":"10.17582\/journal.pjz\/20191203161254"},{"key":"5368_CR30","unstructured":"National Mastitis Council (NMC) (2017) Protocols, guidelines and procedures: using bulk tank milk cultures in a dairy practice. Available at: https:\/\/www.nmconline.org\/nmc-protocols-guidelines-and-procedures\/ (accessed 6 May 2025)"},{"key":"5368_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S153268","volume":"11","author":"P Neopane","year":"2018","unstructured":"Neopane P, Nepal HP, Shrestha R, Uehara O, Abiko Y (2018) In vitro biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wounds of hospital-admitted patients and their association with antimicrobial resistance. Int J Gen Med 11:25\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJGM.S153268","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"key":"5368_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638711428946","volume":"23","author":"AA Oliveira","year":"2011","unstructured":"Oliveira AA, Pinheiro JW Jr, Mota RA, Cunha ML, Lopes CA, Rocha NS (2011) Phenotype characterization of Staphylococcus species strains isolated from buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) milk. J Vet Diagn Invest 23:1208\u20131211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1040638711428946","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"5368_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2009.0302","volume":"6","author":"SP Oliver","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oliver SP, Boor KJ, Murphy SC, Murinda SE (2009) Food safety hazards associated with consumption of raw milk. Foodborne Pathog Dis 6:793\u2013806. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/fpd.2009.0302","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"5368_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6435774","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6435774","volume":"2022","author":"R Pajohesh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pajohesh R, Tajbakhsh E, Momtaz H, Rahimi E (2022) Relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance and adherence genes in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from raw cow milk in Shahrekord, Iran. Int J Microbiol 2022:6435774. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/6435774","journal-title":"Int J Microbiol"},{"key":"5368_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2022.106529","volume":"59","author":"A Pani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pani A, Lucini V, Dugnani S, Scaglione F (2022) Erdosteine enhances antibiotic activity against bacteria within biofilm. Int J Antimicrob Agents 59:106529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2022.106529","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"5368_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2017.07.016","volume":"69","author":"P Papadopoulos","year":"2018","unstructured":"Papadopoulos P, Papadopoulos T, Angelidis AS, Boukouvala E, Zdragas A, Papa A, Hadjichristodoulou C, Sergelidis D (2018) Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) along the production chain of dairy products in north-western Greece. Food Microbiol 69:43\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fm.2017.07.016","journal-title":"Food Microbiol"},{"key":"5368_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.11.007","volume":"291","author":"P Papadopoulos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Papadopoulos P, Papadopoulos T, Angelidis AS, Kotzamanidis C, Zdragas A, Papa A, Filioussis G, Sergelidis D (2019) Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility and characterization of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dairy industries in north-central and north-eastern Greece. Int J Food Microbiol 291:35\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.11.007","journal-title":"Int J Food Microbiol"},{"key":"5368_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109737","volume":"375","author":"BS Phiri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Phiri BS, Hang\u2019ombe BM, Mulenga E, Mubanga M, Maurischat S, Wichmann-Schauer H, Schaarschmidt S, Fetsch A (2022) Prevalence and diversity of Staphylococcus aureus in the Zambian dairy value chain: a public health concern. Int J Food Microbiol 375:109737. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109737","journal-title":"Int J Food Microbiol"},{"key":"5368_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4294","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-9187","volume":"98","author":"R Pyz-\u0141ukasik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pyz-\u0141ukasik R, Paszkiewicz W, Tatara MR, Brodzki P, Be\u0142kot Z (2015) Microbiological quality of milk sold directly from producers to consumers. J Dairy Sci 98:4294\u20134301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2014-9187","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"5368_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12186","volume":"62","author":"AA Roess","year":"2015","unstructured":"Roess AA, Winch PJ, Akhter A, Afroz D, Ali NA, Shah R, Begum N, Seraji HR, El Arifeen S, Darmstadt GL (2015) Household animal and human medicine use and animal husbandry practices in rural Bangladesh: risk factors for emerging zoonotic disease and antibiotic resistance. Zoonoses Public Health 62:569\u2013578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/zph.12186","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"5368_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13241","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-92619-9","volume":"11","author":"CWK Rosman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rosman CWK, van der Mei HC, Sjollema J (2021) Influence of sub-inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobials on micrococcal nuclease and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus. Sci Rep 11:13241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-92619-9","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"5368_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.14172","volume":"83","author":"E Saka","year":"2018","unstructured":"Saka E, Terzi Gulel G (2018) Detection of enterotoxin genes and methicillin-resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from water buffalo milk and dairy products. J Food Sci 83:1716\u20131722. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1750-3841.14172","journal-title":"J Food Sci"},{"key":"5368_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13140\/RG.2.2.15576.98564","author":"S Singha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Singha S (2021) Traditional buffalo milk chain in Bangladesh. IDF Anim Health Rep. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13140\/RG.2.2.15576.98564","journal-title":"IDF Anim Health Rep"},{"key":"5368_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022029921000698","volume":"88","author":"S Singha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Singha S, Ericsson CD, Chowdhury S, Nath SC, Paul OB, Hoque MA, Boqvist S, Persson Y, Rahman MM (2021) Occurrence and aetiology of subclinical mastitis in water buffalo in Bangladesh. J Dairy Res 88:314\u2013320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022029921000698","journal-title":"J Dairy Res"},{"key":"5368_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-023-03644-x","volume":"55","author":"S Singha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Singha S, Ceciliani F, Rahman MM, Mannan MA, Chowdhury S, Nath SC, Paul OB, Persson Y, Boqvist S (2023) Factors influencing somatic cell counts and bacterial contamination in unpasteurized milk obtained from water buffalo in Bangladesh. Trop Anim Health Prod 55:242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11250-023-03644-x","journal-title":"Trop Anim Health Prod"},{"key":"5368_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16708","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-67705-3","volume":"14","author":"S Singha","year":"2024","unstructured":"Singha S, Koop G, Rahman MM, Ceciliani F, Howlader MMR, Boqvist S, Cremonesi P, Hoque MN, Persson Y, Lecchi C (2024) Foodborne bacteria in milk and milk products along the water buffalo milk chain in Bangladesh. Sci Rep 14:16708. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-67705-3","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"5368_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4850","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2010-4076","volume":"94","author":"EM Smith","year":"2011","unstructured":"Smith EM, Monaghan EM, Huntley SJ, Green LE (2011) Short communication: Preliminary investigation into the effect of freezing and a cryopreservant on the recovery of mastitis pathogens from ewe milk. J Dairy Sci 94(10):4850\u20134855. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2010-4076","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"5368_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-024-01007-6","volume":"15","author":"M Song","year":"2024","unstructured":"Song M, Tang Q, Ding Y, Tan P, Zhang Y, Wang T, Zhou C, Xu S, Lyu M, Bai Y, Ma X (2024) Staphylococcus aureus and biofilms: transmission, threats, and promising strategies in animal husbandry. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 15:44. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40104-024-01007-6","journal-title":"J Anim Sci Biotechnol"},{"key":"5368_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7012(00)00122-6","volume":"40","author":"S Stepanovi\u0107","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stepanovi\u0107 S, Vukovi\u0107 D, Daki\u0107 I, Savi\u0107 B, \u0160vabi\u0107-Vlahovi\u0107 M (2000) A modified microtiter-plate test for quantification of staphylococcal biofilm formation. J Microbiol Methods 40:175\u2013179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0167-7012(00)00122-6","journal-title":"J Microbiol Methods"},{"key":"5368_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30606","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-81516-6","volume":"14","author":"YH Tartor","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tartor YH, Enany ME, Ismail NI, El-Demerdash AS, Eidaroos NH, Algendy RM, Mahmmod Y, Elsohaby I (2024) Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus endangers Egyptian dairy herds. Sci Rep 14:30606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-81516-6","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"5368_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6585","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1002794","volume":"186","author":"LR Thurlow","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thurlow LR, Hanke ML, Fritz T, Angle A, Aldrich A, Williams SH, Engebretsen IL, Bayles KW, Horswill AR, Kielian T (2011) Staphylococcus aureus biofilms prevent macrophage phagocytosis and attenuate inflammation in vivo. J Immunol 186:6585\u20136596. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1002794","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"5368_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"\u00dcrer EK, Aslanta\u015f \u00d6, Tek E, Y\u0131lmaz MA, Erg\u00fcn Y (2023) Antimicrobial susceptibility and biofilm forming ability of staphylococci from subclinical buffalo mastitis. J Dairy Res 1\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022029923000080","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022029923000080"},{"issue":"1","key":"5368_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2011.07.007","volume":"80","author":"K Vickery","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vickery K, Deva A, Jacombs A, Allan J, Valente P, Gosbell IB (2012) Presence of biofilm containing viable multiresistant organisms despite terminal cleaning on clinical surfaces in an intensive care unit. J Hosp Infect 80(1):52\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhin.2011.07.007","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"5368_CR53","first-page":"485","volume":"45","author":"M Yousefi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yousefi M, Pourmand MR, Fallah F, Hashemi A, Mashhadi R, Nazari-Alam A (2016) Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation in urinary tract infection. Iran J Public Health 45:485\u2013493","journal-title":"Iran J Public Health"},{"key":"5368_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1111\/age.12911","volume":"51","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Colli L, Barker JSF (2020) Asian water buffalo: domestication, history and genetics. Anim Genet 51:177\u2013191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/age.12911","journal-title":"Anim Genet"},{"key":"5368_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177302","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1177302","volume":"10","author":"D Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang D, Lu X, Feng X, Shang X, Liu Q, Zhang N, Yang H (2023) Molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from subclinical mastitis of water buffaloes in Guangdong Province, China. Front Vet Sci 10:1177302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2023.1177302","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"}],"container-title":["Tropical Animal Health and Production"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-026-05368-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11250-026-05368-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11250-026-05368-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T20:06:43Z","timestamp":1790107603000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11250-026-05368-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["5368"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11250-026-05368-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0049-4747","1573-7438"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0049-4747","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7438","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was obtained from the SAU research system (SAU\/Ethical Committee\/AUP\/21\/06) of Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent were given by the buffalo farmers, middlemen, and milk collection center and milk product shop owners before participation in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"We declare that all the authors agree to submit the manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"We declare no conflicts of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"557"}}