{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:28:52Z","timestamp":1789086532189,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,28]],"date-time":"2018-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535414400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Urol Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-018-1975-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,28]],"date-time":"2018-08-28T02:48:49Z","timestamp":1535424529000},"page":"1975-1980","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Serum vitamin D level may be a novel potential risk factor for premature ejaculation: a comparative study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Alaa Mohamed","family":"Abd El aal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameh Fayek","family":"GamalEl Din","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laila Ahmed","family":"Rashed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abd El Rahman Bakry","family":"Tawfik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Said","family":"ElSheemy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"1975_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mou.0000182327.79572.fd","volume":"15","author":"EA Jannini","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jannini EA, Lenzi A (2005) Epidemiology of premature ejaculation. Curr Opin Urol 15(6):399\u2013403","journal-title":"Curr Opin Urol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1975_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2008.00825.x","volume":"5","author":"RC Rosen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rosen RC, Althof S (2008) Impact of premature ejaculation: the psychological, quality of life, and sexual relationship consequences. J Sex Med 5(6):1296\u20131307","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1975_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2005.05.017","volume":"48","author":"F Giuliano","year":"2005","unstructured":"Giuliano F, Cl\u00e9ment P (2005) Physiology of ejaculation: emphasis on serotonergic control. Eur Urol 48(3):408\u2013417","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"1975_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2013.12.004","volume":"121","author":"MD Waldinger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Waldinger MD (2014) Ejaculatio praecox, erectio praecox, and detumescentia praecox as symptoms of a hypertonic state in lifelong premature ejaculation: a new hypothesis. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 121:189\u2013194","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"1975_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.21037\/tau.2016.06.04","volume":"5","author":"MD Waldinger","year":"2016","unstructured":"Waldinger MD (2016) The pathophysiology of lifelong premature ejaculation. Transl Androl Urol 5(4):424\u2013433","journal-title":"Transl Androl Urol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1975_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2006.12.002","volume":"30","author":"F Giuliano","year":"2007","unstructured":"Giuliano F (2007) 5-Hydroxytryptamine in premature ejaculation: opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Trends Neurosci 30(2):79\u201384","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"issue":"7","key":"1975_CR7","first-page":"743","volume":"5","author":"MD Waldinger","year":"2004","unstructured":"Waldinger MD, Olivier B (2004) Utility of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in premature ejaculation. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 5(7):743\u2013747","journal-title":"Curr Opin Investig Drugs"},{"issue":"1","key":"1975_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3758\/CABN.6.1.53","volume":"6","author":"J Wrase","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wrase J, Reimold M, Puls I, Kienast T, Heinz A (2006) Serotonergic dysfunction: brain imaging and behavioral correlates. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 6(1):53\u201361","journal-title":"Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1975_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2004.08.006","volume":"29","author":"DW Eyles","year":"2005","unstructured":"Eyles DW, Smith S, Kinobe R, Hewison M, McGrath JJ (2005) Distribution of the vitamin D receptor and 1 alpha-hydroxylase in human brain. J Chem Neuroanat 29(1):21\u201330","journal-title":"J Chem Neuroanat"},{"issue":"6","key":"1975_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2398","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.13-246546","volume":"28","author":"RP Patrick","year":"2014","unstructured":"Patrick RP, Ames BN (2014) Vitamin D hormone regulates serotonin synthesis, part 1: relevance for autism. FASEB J 28(6):2398\u20132413","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"7","key":"1975_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1177\/096032719601500704","volume":"15","author":"S Mirzahosseini","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mirzahosseini S, Karab\u00e9lyos C, Dobozy O, Csaba G (1996) Changes in sexual behavior of adult male and female rats neonatally treated with vitamin D3. Hum Exp Toxicol 15(7):573\u2013576","journal-title":"Hum Exp Toxicol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1975_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijir.3901248","volume":"16","author":"R Shamloul","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shamloul R, Ghanem H, Abou-zeid A (2004) Validity of the Arabic version of the sexual health inventory for men among Egyptians. Int J Impot Res 16(5):452\u2013455","journal-title":"Int J Impot Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"1975_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijir.3900472","volume":"11","author":"RC Rosen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rosen RC, Cappelleri JC, Smith MD, Lipsky J, Pe\u00f1a BM (1999) Development and evaluation of an abridged, 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) as a diagnostic tool for erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 11(6):319\u2013326","journal-title":"Int J Impot Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"1975_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1002\/sm2.27","volume":"2","author":"EC Serefoglu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Serefoglu EC, McMahon CG, Waldinger MD et al (2014) An evidence-based unified definition of lifelong and acquired premature ejaculation: report of the second international society for sexual medicine ad hoc committee for the definition of premature ejaculation. Sex Med 2(2):41\u201359","journal-title":"Sex Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1975_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2007.01.028","volume":"52","author":"T Symonds","year":"2007","unstructured":"Symonds T, Perelman MA, Althof S, Giuliano F et al (2007) Development and validation of a premature ejaculation diagnostic tool. Eur Urol 52(2):565\u2013573","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"1975_CR16","first-page":"S74","volume":"10","author":"SE Althof","year":"1998","unstructured":"Althof SE (1998) Evidence based assessment of rapid ejaculation. Int J Impot Res 10(suppl 2):S74\u2013S76. (discussion S77\u2013S79)","journal-title":"Int J Impot Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"1975_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.10.044","volume":"177","author":"RC Rosen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rosen RC, McMahon CG, Niederberger C, Broderick GA, Jamieson C, Gagnon DD (2007) Correlates to the clinical diagnosis of premature ejaculation: results from a large observational study of men and their partners. J Urol 177(3):1059\u20131064","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1975_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0385","volume":"96","author":"MF Holick","year":"2011","unstructured":"Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA et al (2011) Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96(7):1911\u20131930. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2011-0385","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"1975_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2685","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2005-0106","volume":"19","author":"TT Wang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wang TT, Tavera-Mendoza LE, Laperriere D et al (2005) Large-scale in silico and microarray-based identification of direct 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 target genes. Mol Endocrinol 19(11):2685\u20132695","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1975_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.07-9326rev","volume":"22","author":"JC McCann","year":"2008","unstructured":"McCann JC, Ames BN (2008) Is there convincing biological or behavioral evidence linking vitamin D deficiency to brain dysfunction? FASEB J 22(4):982\u20131001","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"6","key":"1975_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2008.604","volume":"169","author":"AA Ginde","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ginde AA, Liu MC, Camargo CA Jr (2009) Demographic differences and trends of vitamin D insufficiency in the US population, 1988\u20132004. Arch Intern Med 169(6):626\u2013632","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1975_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/87.4.1080S","volume":"87","author":"MF Holick","year":"2008","unstructured":"Holick MF, Chen TC (2008) Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide problem with health consequences. Am J Clin Nutr 87(4):1080S\u20131086S","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"9","key":"1975_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(03)00556-2","volume":"66","author":"DJ Walther","year":"2003","unstructured":"Walther DJ, Bader M (2003) A unique central tryptophan hydroxylase isoform. Biochem Pharmacol 66(9):1673\u20131680","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1975_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2008.12.005","volume":"19","author":"L Gutknecht","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gutknecht L, Kriegebaum C, Waider J, Schmitt A, Lesch KP (2009) Spatio-temporal expression of tryptophan hydroxylase isoforms in murine and human brain: convergent data from Tph2 knockout mice. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 19(4):266\u2013282","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1975_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3139","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-10-052787","volume":"109","author":"M Leon-Ponte","year":"2007","unstructured":"Leon-Ponte M, Ahern GP, O\u2019Connell PJ (2007) Serotonin provides an accessory signal to enhance T-cell activation by signaling through the 5-HT7 receptor. Blood 109(8):3139\u20133146","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"4","key":"1975_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2011.05.010","volume":"25","author":"MR Haussler","year":"2011","unstructured":"Haussler MR, Jurutka PW, Mizwicki M, Norman AW (2011) Vitamin D receptor (VDR)-mediated actions of 1\u03b1,25(OH)2vitamin D3: genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 25(4):543\u2013559","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"1975_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2734","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm179","volume":"35","author":"MM Turunen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Turunen MM, Dunlop TW, Carlberg C, Vaisanen S (2007) Selective use of multiple vitamin D response elements underlies the 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-mediated negative regulation of the human CYP27B1 gene. Nucleic Acids Res 35(8):2734\u20132747","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"1975_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4023","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.14-269811","volume":"29","author":"I Kaneko","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kaneko I, Sabir MS, Dussik CM et al (2015) 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D regulates expression of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 and leptin genes: implication for behavioral influences of vitamin D. FASEB J 29(9):4023\u20134035","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"8","key":"1975_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2008.00803.x","volume":"5","author":"G Corona","year":"2008","unstructured":"Corona G, Jannini EA, Mannucci E et al (2008) Different testosterone levels are associated with ejaculatory dysfunction. J Sex Med 5(8):1991\u20131998","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"1975_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.9790\/0853-1267783","volume":"12","author":"IM El Tayeb","year":"2013","unstructured":"El Tayeb IM, EL-Saghier EOA, Cheta S, Sabbah NA, Raafat N (2013) Assessment of Vitamin D status among senior executive managers in large scale industries in the 10th of Ramadan city, Egypt. IOSR-JDMS 12(6):77\u201383","journal-title":"IOSR-JDMS"},{"issue":"2","key":"1975_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.2.317","volume":"135","author":"BW Hollis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hollis BW (2005) Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels indicative of vitamin D sufficiency: implications for establishing a new effective dietary intake recommendation for vitamin D. J Nutr 135(2):317\u2013322","journal-title":"J Nutr"}],"container-title":["International Urology and Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11255-018-1975-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11255-018-1975-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11255-018-1975-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]],"date-time":"2020-04-30T13:08:08Z","timestamp":1588252088000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11255-018-1975-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,28]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"alternative-id":["1975"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11255-018-1975-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-1623","1573-2584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-1623","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2584","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 July 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 August 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 August 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. No Funding Source or industrial links and affiliations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the local ethical committee.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}