{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T23:14:42Z","timestamp":1782947682049,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,18]],"date-time":"2020-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579305600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,18]],"date-time":"2020-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Urol Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-019-02349-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,18]],"date-time":"2020-01-18T10:02:46Z","timestamp":1579341766000},"page":"303-314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Selected cardiovascular risk factors in early stages of chronic kidney disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8350-4199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Jagie\u0142a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Bartnicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Rysz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2349_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.223","volume":"80","author":"CA Herzog","year":"2011","unstructured":"Herzog CA, Asinger RW, Berger AK, Charytan DM, D\u00edez J, Hart RG, Eckardt KU, Kasiske BL, McCullough PA, Passman RS, DeLoach SS, Pun PH, Ritz E (2011) Cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease. A clinical update from Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Kidney Int 80(6):572\u2013586","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2349_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S24","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.64.s87.5.x","volume":"87","author":"AJ Collins","year":"2003","unstructured":"Collins AJ, Li S, Gilbertson DT, Liu J, Chen SC, Herzog CA (2003) Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease in the medicare population. Kidney Int Suppl 87:S24\u2013S31","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR3","first-page":"73","volume":"20","author":"M Lain\u0161\u010dak","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lain\u0161\u010dak M (2009) Cardiovascular risk in chronic kidney disease. EJIFCC 20(1):73\u201376","journal-title":"EJIFCC"},{"key":"2349_CR4","first-page":"S12","volume":"1","author":"W Siems","year":"2002","unstructured":"Siems W, Quast S, Carluccio F, Wiswedel I, Hirsch D, Augustin W, Hampi H, Riehle M, Sommerburg O (2002) Oxidative stress in chronic renal failure as a cardiovascular risk factor. Clin Nephrol 1:S12\u2013S19","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2349_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200018060-00002","volume":"18","author":"NS Dhalla","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dhalla NS, Temsah RM, Netticadan T (2000) Role of oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases. J Hypertens 18(6):655\u2013673","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"2","key":"2349_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2002.00144.x","volume":"61","author":"F Mallamaci","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mallamaci F, Zoccali C, Tripepi G, Fermo I, Benedetto FA, Cataliotti A, Bellanuova I, Malatino LS, Soldarini A, Investigators CREED (2002) Hyperhomocysteinemia predicts cardiovascular outcomes in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 61(2):609\u2013614","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"17","key":"2349_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.2174\/138161207780831211","volume":"13","author":"M Frick","year":"2007","unstructured":"Frick M, Weidinger F (2007) Endothelial function: a surrogate endpoint in cardiovascular studies? Curr Pharm Des 13(17):1741\u20131750","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"issue":"3","key":"2349_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.13075\/mp.5893.00137","volume":"66","author":"M Czerska","year":"2015","unstructured":"Czerska M, Miko\u0142ajewska K, Zieli\u0144ski M, Gromadzi\u0144ska J, W\u0105sowicz W (2015) Today\u2019s oxidative stress markers. Med Pr 66(3):393\u2013405","journal-title":"Med Pr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2009.70","volume":"24","author":"MP Kao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kao MP, Ang DS, Pall A, Struthers AD (2010) Oxidative stress in renal dysfunction: mechanisms, clinical sequelae and therapeutic options. J Hum Hypertens 24(1):1\u20138","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"2349_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2013.07.006","volume":"1","author":"E Ho","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ho E, Galougahi K, Liu Ch, Bhindi R, Figtreea G (2013) Biological markers of oxidative stress: applications to cardiovascular research and practice. Redox Biol 1:483\u2013491","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2349_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1999.00422.x","volume":"55","author":"P Stenvinkel","year":"1999","unstructured":"Stenvinkel P, Heimb\u00fcrger O, Paultre F, Diczfalusy U, Wang T, Berglund L, Jogestrand T (1999) Strong association between malnutrition, inflammation, and atherosclerosis in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 55(5):1899\u20131911","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2349_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2008.516","volume":"111","author":"V Cachofeiro","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cachofeiro V, Goicochea M, de Vinuesa SG, Oubi\u00f1a P, Lahera V, Lu\u00f1o J (2008) Oxidative stress and inflammation, a link between chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Kidney Int Suppl 111:S4\u2013S9","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"2349_CR13","first-page":"S415","volume":"5","author":"J Rysz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rysz J, Mikhailidis D, Banach M (2009) Oxidative stress and atherosclerosis in chronic kidney disease. Arch Med Sci 5:S415","journal-title":"Arch Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2349_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"009","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00465.x","volume":"65","author":"BP Oberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Oberg BP, McMenamin E, Lucas FL, McMonagle E, Morrow J, Ikizler TA, Himmelfarb J (2004) Increased prevalence of oxidant stress and inflammation in patients with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 65(3):009\u2013016","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"2349_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2006.08.015","volume":"48","author":"E Dounousi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dounousi E, Papavasiliou E, Makedou A, Ioannou K, Katopodis KP, Tselepis A, Siamopoulos KC, Tsakiris D (2006) Oxidative stress is progressively enhanced with advancing stages of CKD. Am J Kidney Dis 48(5):752\u2013760","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.09.029","volume":"47","author":"MI Yilmaz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yilmaz MI, Saglam M, Caglar K, Cakir E, Sonmez A, Ozgurtas T, Aydin A, Eyileten T, Ozcan O, Acikel C, Tasar M, Genctoy G, Erbil K, Vural A, Zoccali C (2006) The determinants of endothelial dysfunction in CKD: oxidative stress and asymmetric dimethylarginine. Am J Kidney Dis 47(1):42\u201350","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"2349_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230701320337","volume":"35","author":"S Elmore","year":"2007","unstructured":"Elmore S (2007) Apoptosis: a review of programmed cell death. Toxicol Pathol 35(4):495\u2013516","journal-title":"Toxicol Pathol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2349_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.82.11.1111","volume":"182","author":"A Haunstetter","year":"1998","unstructured":"Haunstetter A, Izumo S (1998) Apoptosis: basic mechanisms and implications for cardiovascular disease. Circ Res 182(11):1111\u20131129","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"2349_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2007121336","volume":"19","author":"A Belen Sanz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Belen Sanz A, Santamar\u00eda B, Ruiz-Ortega M, Egido J, Ortiz A (2008) Mechanisms of renal apoptosis in health and disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 19(9):1634\u20131642","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000250616.26308.d7","volume":"27","author":"LM Blanco-Colio","year":"2007","unstructured":"Blanco-Colio LM, Mart\u00edn-Ventura JL, de Teresa E, Farsang C, Gaw A, Gensini G, Leiter LA, Langer A, Martineau P, H\u00e9rnandez G, Egido J, ACTFAST investigators (2007) Increased soluble Fas plasma levels in subjects at high cardiovascular risk: Atorvastatin on Inflammatory Markers (AIM) study, a substudy of ACTFAST. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 27(1):168\u2013174","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2349_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(03)00202-6","volume":"41","author":"S Troyanov","year":"2003","unstructured":"Troyanov S, H\u00e9bert MJ, Masse M, Vigneault N, Sirois I, Madore F (2003) Soluble Fas: a novel predictor of atherosclerosis in dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 41(5):1043\u20131051","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"2349_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F949","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00089.2005","volume":"289","author":"A Markoff","year":"2005","unstructured":"Markoff A, Gerke V (2005) Expression and functions of annexins in the kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 289(5):F949\u2013F956","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V131204","volume":"13","author":"P Meier","year":"2002","unstructured":"Meier P, Dayer E, Blanc E, Wauters JP (2002) Early T cell activation correlates with expression of apoptosis markers in patients with end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 13(1):204\u2013212","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2349_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1159\/000345352","volume":"36","author":"E Dounousi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dounousi E, Koliousi E, Papagianni A, Ioannou K, Zikou X, Katopodis K, Kelesidis A, Tsakiris D, Siamopoulos KC (2012) Mononuclear leukocyte apoptosis and inflammatory markers in patients with chronic kidney disease. Am J Nephrol 36(6):531\u2013536","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"2349_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000052939.59093.45","volume":"107","author":"TA Pearson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pearson TA, Mensah GA, Alexander RW, Anderson JL, Cannon RO 3rd, Criqui M, Fadl YY, Fortmann SP, Hong Y, Myers GL, Rifai N, Smith SC Jr, Taubert K, Tracy RP, Vinicor F (2003) Markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease: application to clinical and public health practice: A statement for healthcare professionals from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Heart Association. Circulation 107:499\u2013511","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2349_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00754","volume":"9","author":"N Sproston","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sproston N, Ashworth J (2018) Role of C-reactive protein at sites of inflammation and infection. Front Immunol 9:754","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2349_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00465.x","volume":"65","author":"BP Oberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Oberg BP, McMenamin E, Lucas FL, McMonagle E, Morrow J, Ikizler TA, Himmelfarb J (2004) Increased prevalence of oxidant stress and inflammation in patients with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 65(3):1009\u20131016","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"2349_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00455.x","volume":"68","author":"V Menon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Menon V, Greene T, Wang X, Pereira AA, Marcovina SM, Beck GJ, Kusek JW, Collins AJ, Levey AS, Sarnak MJ (2005) C-reactive protein and albumin as predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 68(2):766\u2013772","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"13","key":"2349_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199403313301301","volume":"330","author":"S Klahr","year":"1994","unstructured":"Klahr S, Levey AS, Beck GJ, Caggiula AW, Hunsicker L, Kusek JW, Striker G (1994) The effects of dietary protein restriction and blood-pressure control on the progression of chronic renal disease. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. N Engl J Med 330(13):877\u2013884","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2349_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/16.6.1189","volume":"16","author":"CH Bolton","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bolton CH, Downs LG, Victory JG, Dwight JF, Tomson CR, Mackness MI, Pinkney JH (2001) Endothelial dysfunction in chronic renal failure: roles of lipoprotein oxidation and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Nephrol Dial Transplant 16(6):1189\u20131197","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"6","key":"2349_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(03)00353-6","volume":"41","author":"R Pecoits-Filho","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pecoits-Filho R, Heimb\u00fcrger O, B\u00e1r\u00e1ny P, Suliman M, Fehrman-Ekholm I, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P (2003) Associations between circulating inflammatory markers and residual renal function in CRF patients. Am J Kidney Dis 41(6):1212\u20131218","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"2349_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000128966.55133.69","volume":"15","author":"EL Knight","year":"2004","unstructured":"Knight EL, Rimm EB, Pai JK, Rexrode KM, Cannuscio CC, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Curhan GC (2004) Kidney dysfunction, inflammation, and coronary events: a prospective study. J Am Soc Nephrol 15(7):1897\u20131903","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2349_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-411602-3.00010-X","volume-title":"Chronic Renal Disease","author":"Maria R. Wing","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wing MR, Raj DS, Velasquez MT (2015) Chronic renal disease Chapter 10: protein energy metabolism in chronic kidney disease, pp 106\u2013125"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2008.10.006","volume":"29","author":"R Dukkipati","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dukkipati R, Kopple JD (2009) Causes and prevention of protein-energy wasting in chronic kidney failure. Semin Nephrol 29(1):39\u201349","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2349_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2013.01.001","volume":"23","author":"JJ Carrero","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carrero JJ, Stenvinkel P, Cuppari L, Ikizler TA, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kaysen G, Mitch WE, Price SR, Wanner C, Wang AY, ter Wee P, Franch HA (2013) Etiology of the protein-energy wasting syndrome in chronic kidney disease: a consensus statement from the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM). J Ren Nutr 23(2):77\u201390","journal-title":"J Ren Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2349_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002585","volume":"73","author":"D Fouque","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fouque D, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kopple J, Cano N, Chauveau P, Cuppari L, Franch H, Guarnieri G, Ikizler TA, Kaysen G, Lindholm B, Massy Z, Mitch W, Pineda E, Stenvinkel P, Trevi\u00f1o-Becerra A, Wanner C (2008) A proposed nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for protein-energy wasting in acute and chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 73(4):391\u2013398","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"2349_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2008060628","volume":"20","author":"L Zhang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhang L, Du J, Hu Z, Han G, Delafontaine P, Garcia G, Mitch WE (2009) IL-6 and serum amyloid A synergy mediates angiotensin II-induced muscle wasting. J Am Soc Nephrol 20(3):604\u2013612","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2349_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(03)00654-1","volume":"42","author":"Y Kaizu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kaizu Y, Ohkawa S, Odamaki M, Ikegaya N, Hibi I, Miyaji K, Kumagai H (2003) Association between inflammatory mediators and muscle mass in long-term hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 42(2):295\u2013302","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"2349_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.27390","volume":"90","author":"CP Kovesdy","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kovesdy CP, George SM, Anderson JE, Kalantar-Zadeh K (2009) Outcome predictability of biomarkers of protein-energy wasting and inflammation in moderate and advanced chronic kidney disease. Am J Clin Nutr 90(2):407\u2013414","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"2349_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.036418","volume":"97","author":"CP Kovesdy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kovesdy CP, Kopple JD, Kalantar-Zadeh K (2013) Management of protein-energy wasting in non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease: reconciling low protein intake with nutritional therapy. Am J Clin Nutr 97(6):1163\u20131177","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"10","key":"2349_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-014-0750-x","volume":"46","author":"H Tabibi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tabibi H, As\u2019habi A, Mahdavi-Mazdeh M, Hedayati M, Nozary-Heshmati B (2014) Comparison of novel risk factors for cardiovascular disease between hemodialysis patients with and without protein-energy wasting. Int Urol Nephrol 46(10):2015\u20132020","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"2349_CR42","first-page":"292","volume":"5","author":"K Obo\u0144ska","year":"2010","unstructured":"Obo\u0144ska K, Gr\u0105bczewska Z, Fisz J (2010) Ocena czynno\u015bci \u015br\u00f3db\u0142onka naczyniowego\u2014gdzie jeste\u015bmy, dok\u0105d zmierzamy? Folia Cardiologica Excerpta 5:292\u2013297","journal-title":"Folia Cardiologica Excerpta"},{"issue":"12","key":"2349_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4219","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.12.4219","volume":"96","author":"SJ Hwang","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hwang SJ, Ballantyne CM, Sharrett AR, Smith LC, Davis CE, Gotto AM Jr, Boerwinkle E (1997) Circulating adhesion molecules VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin in carotid atherosclerosis and incident coronary heart disease cases: the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study. Circulation 96(12):4219\u20134225","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"2349_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1159\/000045084","volume":"79","author":"M Bonomini","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bonomini M, Reale M, Santarelli P, Stuard S, Settefrati N, Albertazzi A (1998) Serum levels of soluble adhesion molecules in chronic renal failure and dialysis patients. Nephron 79(4):399\u2013407","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"issue":"10","key":"2349_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/15.10.1624","volume":"15","author":"P Stenvinkel","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stenvinkel P, Lindholm B, Heimb\u00fcrger M, Heimb\u00fcrger O (2000) Elevated serum levels of soluble adhesion molecules predict death in pre-dialysis patients: association with malnutrition, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 15(10):1624\u20131630","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"6","key":"2349_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl005","volume":"21","author":"ME Suliman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Suliman ME, Qureshi AR, Heimb\u00fcrger O, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P (2006) Soluble adhesion molecules in end-stage renal disease: a predictor of outcome. Nephrol Dial Transplant 21(6):1603\u20131610","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"7","key":"2349_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0132047","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0132047","volume":"10","author":"J Chen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chen J, Hamm LL, Mohler ER, Hudaihed A, Arora R, Chen CS, Liu Y, Browne G, Mills KT, Kleinpeter MA, Simon EE, Rifai N, Klag MJ, He J (2007) Interrelationship of multiple endothelial dysfunction biomarkers with chronic kidney disease. PLoS One 10(7):e0132047","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"2349_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfg080","volume":"18","author":"F Stam","year":"2003","unstructured":"Stam F, van Guldener C, Schalkwijk CG, ter Wee PM, Donker AJ, Stehouwer CD (2003) Impaired renal function is associated with markers of endothelial dysfunction and increased inflammatory activity. Nephrol Dial Transplant 18(5):892\u2013898","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"9299","key":"2349_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)07217-8","volume":"358","author":"C Zoccali","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zoccali C, Bode-B\u00f6ger S, Mallamaci F, Benedetto F, Tripepi G, Malatino L, Cataliotti A, Bellanuova I, Fermo I, Fr\u00f6lich J, B\u00f6ger R (2001) Plasma concentration of asymmetrical dimethylarginine and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease: a prospective study. Lancet 358(9299):2113\u20132117","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"2349_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2456","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005020179","volume":"16","author":"D Fliser","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fliser D, Kronenberg F, Kielstein JT, Morath C, Bode-B\u00f6ger SM, Haller H, Ritz E (2005) Asymmetric dimethylarginine and progression of chronic kidney disease: the mild to moderate kidney disease study. J Am Soc Nephrol 16(8):2456\u20132461","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V131170","volume":"13","author":"JT Kielstein","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kielstein JT, B\u00f6ger RH, Bode-B\u00f6ger SM, Fr\u00f6lich JC, Haller H, Ritz E, Fliser D (2002) Marked increase of asymmetric dimethylarginine in patients with incipient primary chronic renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 13(1):170\u2013176","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2349_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-2-201001190-00008","volume":"152","author":"T Kelesidis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kelesidis T, Kelesidis I, Chou S, Mantzoros Ch (2011) Narrative review: the role of leptin in human physiology: emerging clinical applications. Ann Intern Med 152(2):93\u2013100","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"25","key":"2349_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3238","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.741645","volume":"117","author":"KK Koh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Koh KK, Park SM, Quon MJ (2008) Leptin and cardiovascular disease: response to therapeutic interventions. Circulation 117(25):3238\u20133249","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2002.29865","volume":"39","author":"G Wolf","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wolf G, Chen S, Han DC, Ziyadeh FN (2002) Leptin and renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis 39(1):1\u201311","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2349_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269532","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/269532","volume":"2012","author":"A Shankar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shankar A, Syamala S, Xiao J, Muntner P (2012) Relationship between plasma leptin level and chronic kidney disease. Int J Nephrol 2012:269532","journal-title":"Int J Nephrol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2349_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0122009","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122009","volume":"10","author":"CC Lim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lim CC, Teo BW, Tai ES, Lim SC, Chan CM, Sethi S, Wong TY, Sabanayagam C (2015) Elevated serum leptin, adiponectin and leptin to adiponectin ratio is associated with chronic kidney disease in Asian adults. PLoS One 10(3):e0122009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"2349_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1998.00088.x","volume":"54","author":"L Nordfors","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nordfors L, L\u00f6nnqvist F, Heimb\u00fcrger O, Danielsson A, Schalling M, Stenvinkel P (1998) Low leptin gene expression and hyperleptinemia in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 54(4):1267\u20131275","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"2349_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18061321","volume":"18","author":"AE Achari","year":"2017","unstructured":"Achari AE, Jain SK (2017) Adiponectin, a therapeutic target for obesity, diabetes, and endothelial dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 18(6):1321","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"2349_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2003.08.004","volume":"110","author":"Z Dzieli\u0144ska","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dzieli\u0144ska Z, Januszewicz A, Wiecek A, Demkow M, Makowiecka-Cie\u015bla M, Prejbisz A, Kadziela J, Mielniczuk R, Florczak E, Janas J, Januszewicz M, Ruzy\u0142\u0142o W (2003) Decreased plasma concentration of a novel anti-inflammatory protein\u2013adiponectin\u2013in hypertensive men with coronary artery disease. Thromb Res 110(5\u20136):365\u2013369","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2349_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.2174\/157340308786349516","volume":"4","author":"OM Kaisar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kaisar OM, Johnson DW, Prins JB, Isbel N (2008) The role of novel biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease: focus on adiponectin and leptin. Curr Cardiol Rev 4(4):287\u2013292","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfh568","volume":"20","author":"F Guebre-Egziabher","year":"2005","unstructured":"Guebre-Egziabher F, Bernhard J, Funahashi T, Hadj-Aissa A, Fouque D (2005) Adiponectin in chronic kidney disease is related more to metabolic disturbances than to decline in renal function. Nephrol Dial Transplant 20(1):129\u2013134","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"9","key":"2349_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2599","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006040331","volume":"17","author":"V Menon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Menon V, Li L, Wang X, Greene T, Balakrishnan V, Madero M, Pereira AA, Beck GJ, Kusek JW, Collins AJ, Levey AS, Sarnak MJ (2006) Adiponectin and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 17(9):2599\u20132606","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2349_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002191","volume":"71","author":"B Kollerits","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kollerits B, Fliser D, Heid IM, Ritz E, Kronenberg F, MMKD Study Group (2007) Gender-specific association of adiponectin as a predictor of progression of chronic kidney disease: the mild to moderate kidney disease study. Kidney Int 71(12):1279\u20131286","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V131134","volume":"13","author":"C Zoccali","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zoccali C, Mallamaci F, Tripepi G, Benedetto FA, Cutrupi S, Parlongo S, Malatino LS, Bonanno G, Seminara G, Rapisarda F, Fatuzzo P, Buemi M, Nicocia G, Tanaka S, Ouchi N, Kihara S, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y (2002) Adiponectin, metabolic risk factors, and cardiovascular events among patients with end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 13(1):134\u2013141","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c18","DOI":"10.1159\/000085707","volume":"101","author":"W Ignacy","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ignacy W, Chudek J, Adamczak M, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y, Kokot F, Wiecek A (2005) Reciprocal association of plasma adiponectin and serum C-reactive protein concentration in haemodialysis patients with end-stage kidney disease\u2014a follow-up study. Nephron Clin Pract 101(1):c18\u2013c24","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract"},{"issue":"12","key":"2349_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2006.07.039","volume":"98","author":"Y Iwashima","year":"2006","unstructured":"Iwashima Y, Horio T, Kumada M, Suzuki Y, Kihara S, Rakugi H, Kawano Y, Funahashi T, Ogihara T (2006) Adiponectin and renal function, and implication as a risk of cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol 98(12):1603\u20131608","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2349_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17101733","volume":"17","author":"H \u0160kovierov\u00e1","year":"2016","unstructured":"\u0160kovierov\u00e1 H, Vidomanov\u00e1 E, Mahmood S, Sopkov\u00e1 J, Drgov\u00e1 A, \u010cerve\u0148ov\u00e1 T, Hala\u0161ov\u00e1 E, Lehotsk\u00fd J (2016) The molecular and cellular efect of homocysteine metabolism imbalance on human health. Int J Mol 17(10):1733","journal-title":"Int J Mol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.06.021","volume":"236","author":"X Pang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pang X, Liu J, Zhao J, Mao J, Zhang X, Feng L, Han C, Li M, Wang S, Wu D (2014) Homocysteine induces the expression of C-reactive protein via NMDAr-ROS-MAPK-NF-\u03baB signal pathway in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 236(1):73\u201381","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2349_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.5604\/17322693.1087521","volume":"68","author":"A Baszczuk","year":"2014","unstructured":"Baszczuk A, Kopczy\u0144ski Z, Thielemann A (2014) Endothelial dysfunction in patients with primary hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online) 68:91\u2013100","journal-title":"Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2349_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01415.x","volume":"22","author":"BA Veldman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Veldman BA, Vervoort G, Blom H, Smits P (2005) Reduced plasma total homocysteine concentrations in Type 1 diabetes mellitus is determined by increased renal clearance. Diabet Med 22(3):301\u2013305","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2349_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(04)00813-3","volume":"44","author":"T Ninomiya","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ninomiya T, Kiyohara Y, Kubo M, Tanizaki Y, Tanaka K, Okubo K, Nakamura H, Hata J, Oishi Y, Kato I, Hirakata H, Iida M (2004) Hyperhomocysteinemia and the development of chronic kidney disease in a general population: the Hisayama study. Am J Kidney Dis 44(3):437\u2013445","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"2349_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2014.10.014","volume":"25","author":"A Levi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Levi A, Cohen E, Levi M, Goldberg E, Garty M, Krause I (2014) Elevated serum homocysteine is a predictor of accelerated decline in renal function and chronic kidney disease: a historical prospective study. Eur J Intern Med 25(10):951\u2013955","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2004070576","volume":"16","author":"WC Winkelmayer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Winkelmayer WC, Kramar R, Curhan GC, Chandraker A, Endler G, F\u00f6dinger M, H\u00f6rl WH, Sunder-Plassmann G (2005) Fasting plasma total homocysteine levels and mortality and allograft loss in kidney transplant recipients: a prospective study. J Am Soc Nephrol 16(1):255\u2013260","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V111134","volume":"11","author":"D Ducloux","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ducloux D, Motte G, Challier B, Gibey R, Chalopin JM (2000) Serum total homocysteine and cardiovascular disease occurrence in chronic, stable renal transplant recipients: a prospective study. J Am Soc Nephrol 11(1):134\u2013137","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2349_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-141605469-6.50018-4","volume-title":"Clinical lipidology: a companion to Braunwald's heart disease","author":"ChJ Packard","year":"2009","unstructured":"Packard ChJ (2009) Role of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 in vascular disease. In: Ballantyne C (ed) Clinical lipidology: a companion to Braunwald's heart disease, 1st edn. Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia, p 167"},{"issue":"5","key":"2349_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000160551.21962.a7","volume":"25","author":"A Zalewski","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zalewski A, Macphee C (2005) Role of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 in atherosclerosis: biology, epidemiology, and possible therapeutic target. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25(5):923\u2013931","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2349_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2017.02.005","volume":"11","author":"A Younus","year":"2017","unstructured":"Younus A, Humayun C, Ahmad R, Ogunmoroti O, Kandimalla Y, Aziz M, Malik R, Saand AR, Valdes C, Badlani R, Younus MA, Ali SS, Chen Y, Nasir K (2017) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and its relationship with markers of subclinical cardiovascular disease: a systematic review. J Clin Lipidol 11(2):328\u2013337","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2349_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.10.048","volume":"51","author":"LB Daniels","year":"2008","unstructured":"Daniels LB, Laughlin GA, Sarno MJ, Bettencourt R, Wolfert RL, Barrett-Connor E (2008) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 is an independent predictor of incident coronary heart disease in an apparently healthy older population: the Rancho Bernardo Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 51(9):913\u2013919","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"16","key":"2349_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200010193431603","volume":"343","author":"CJ Packard","year":"2000","unstructured":"Packard CJ, O\u2019Reilly DS, Caslake MJ, McMahon AD, Ford I, Cooney J, Macphee CH, Suckling KE, Krishna M, Wilkinson FE, Rumley A, Lowe GD (2000) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 as an independent predictor of coronary heart disease. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. N Engl J Med 343(16):1148\u20131155","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"2349_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000143377.53389.C8","volume":"110","author":"W Koenig","year":"2004","unstructured":"Koenig W, Khuseyinova N, L\u00f6wel H, Trischler G, Meisinger C (2004) Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 adds to risk prediction of incident coronary events by C-reactive protein in apparently healthy middle-aged men from the general population: results from the 14-year follow-up of a large cohort from southern Germany. Circulation 110(14):1903\u20131908","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"2349_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.07.002","volume":"352","author":"Y Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang Y, Li SS, Na SP, Yu CY, Ji Y, Zhao SL, Xie RJ, Bao YS (2016) Characterization of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 in serum in patients with stage 3\u20135 chronic kidney disease. Am J Med Sci 352(4):348\u2013353","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"2349_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1159\/000333045","volume":"34","author":"CA Peralta","year":"2011","unstructured":"Peralta CA, Katz R, Shlipak M, Dubin R, DeBoer I, Jenny N, Fitzpatrick A, Koro C, Kestenbaum B, Ix J, Sarnak M, Cushman M (2011) Kidney function decline in the elderly: impact of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2). Am J Nephrol 34(6):512\u2013518","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2349_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.3109\/0886022X.2012.681535","volume":"34","author":"AK Tekta\u015f","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tekta\u015f AK, Uslu S, Yal\u00e7in AU, Sahin G, Temiz G, Kara M, Temel HE, Demirkan ES, Colak E, Colak O (2012) Effects of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 on arginase\/nitric oxide pathway in hemodialysis patients. Ren Fail 34(6):738\u2013743","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00002.2011","volume":"92","author":"A Martin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Martin A, David V, Quarles LD (2012) Regulation and function of the FGF23\/Klotho endocrine pathways. Physiol Rev 92(1):131\u2013155","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"2349_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1136\/heartasia-2016-010809","volume":"8","author":"AK Subbiah","year":"2016","unstructured":"Subbiah AK, Chhabra YK, Mahajan S (2016) Cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease: a neglected subgroup. Heart Asia 8(2):56\u201361","journal-title":"Heart Asia"},{"issue":"6","key":"2349_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.3","volume":"83","author":"JJ Scialla","year":"2013","unstructured":"Scialla JJ, Lau WL, Reilly MP, Isakova T, Yang HY, Crouthamel MH, Chavkin NW, Rahman M, Wahl P, Amaral AP, Hamano T, Master SR, Nessel L, Chai B, Xie D, Kallem RR, Chen J, Lash JP, Kusek JW, Budoff MJ, Giachelli CM, Wolf M (2013) Fibroblast growth factor 23 is not associated with and does not induce arterial calcification Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study Investigators. Kidney Int 83(6):1159\u20131168","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"2349_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.113.000952","volume":"7","author":"B Kestenbaum","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kestenbaum B, Sachs MC, Hoofnagle AN, Siscovick DS, Ix JH, Robinson-Cohen C, Lima JA, Polak JF, Blondon M, Ruzinski J, Rock D, de Boer IH (2014) Fibroblast growth factor-23 and cardiovascular disease in the general population: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Circ Heart Fail 7(3):409\u2013417","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"issue":"6","key":"2349_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0706130","volume":"359","author":"OM Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez OM, Mannstadt M, Isakova T, Rauh-Hain JA, Tamez H, Shah A, Smith K, Lee H, Thadhani R, J\u00fcppner H, Wolf M (2008) Fibroblast growth factor 23 and mortality among patients undergoing hemodialysis. N Engl J Med 359(6):584\u2013592","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"2349_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2792","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp191","volume":"24","author":"G Jean","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jean G, Terrat JC, Vanel T, Hurot JM, Lorriaux C, Mayor B, Chazot C (2009) High levels of serum fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 are associated with increased mortality in long haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 24(9):2792\u20132796","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"2","key":"2349_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.04.029","volume":"44","author":"T Shigematsu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shigematsu T, Kazama JJ, Yamashita T, Fukumoto S, Hosoya T, Gejyo F, Fukagawa M (2004) Possible involvement of circulating fibroblast growth factor 23 in the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with renal insufficiency. Am J Kidney Dis 44(2):250\u2013256","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2349_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp699","volume":"25","author":"JH Ix","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ix JH, Shlipak MG, Wassel CL, Whooley MA (2010) Fibroblast growth factor-23 and early decrements in kidney function: the heart and soul study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 25(3):993\u2013997","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"9","key":"2349_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2600","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006080936","volume":"18","author":"D Fliser","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fliser D, Kollerits B, Neyer U, Ankerst DP, Lhotta K, Lingenhel A, Ritz E, Kronenberg F, MMKD Study Group, Kuen E, K\u00f6nig P, Kraatz G, Mann JF, M\u00fcller GA, K\u00f6hler H, Riegler P (2007) Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) Predicts Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease: The Mild to Moderate Kidney Disease (MMKD) Study. J Am Soc Nephrol 18(9):2600\u20132608","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2349_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2008010012","volume":"19","author":"AY Wang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang AY, Lai KN (2008) Use of cardiac biomarkers in end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 19(9):1643\u20131652","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2349_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2003.030510","volume":"50","author":"H Kemperman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kemperman H, van den Berg M, Kirkels H, de Jonge N (2004) B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal proBNP in patients with end-stage heart failure supported by a left ventricular assist device. Clin Chem 50(9):1670\u20131672","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"4","key":"2349_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(01)00841-5","volume":"111","author":"P Krishnaswamy","year":"2001","unstructured":"Krishnaswamy P, Lubien E, Clopton P, Koon J, Kazanegra R, Wanner E, Gardetto N, Garcia A, DeMaria A, Maisel AS (2001) Utility of B-natriuretic peptide levels in identifying patients with left ventricular systolic or diastolic dysfunction. Am J Med 111(4):274\u2013279","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2349_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2001.113215","volume":"141","author":"AS Maisel","year":"2001","unstructured":"Maisel AS, Koon J, Krishnaswamy P, Kazenegra R, Clopton P, Gardetto N, Morrisey R, Garcia A, Chiu A, De Maria A (2001) Utility of B-natriuretic peptide as a rapid, point-of-care test for screening patients undergoing echocardiography to determine left ventricular dysfunction. Am Heart J 141(3):367\u2013374","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"7352","key":"2349_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7352.1498","volume":"324","author":"FD Hobbs","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hobbs FD, Davis RC, Roalfe AK, Hare R, Davies MK, Kenkre JE (2002) Reliability of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide assay in diagnosis of heart failure: cohort study in representative and high risk community populations. BMJ 324(7352):1498","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"2349_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002087","volume":"71","author":"LH Madsen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Madsen LH, Ladefoged S, Corell P, Schou M, Hildebrandt PR, Atar D (2007) N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide predicts mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease in hemodialysis. Kidney Int 71(6):548\u2013554","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"2349_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2007.08.017","volume":"50","author":"S Satyan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Satyan S, Light RP (2007) Agarwal R (2007) Relationships of N-terminal pro-B-natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin T to left ventricular mass and function and mortality in asymptomatic hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 50(6):1009\u20131019","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"2349_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3546","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfn341","volume":"23","author":"S Vickery","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vickery S, Webb MC, Price CP, John RI, Abbas NA, Lamb EJ (2008) Prognostic value of cardiac biomarkers for death in a non-dialysis chronic kidney disease population. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23(11):3546\u20133553","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"2","key":"2349_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfi187","volume":"21","author":"PB Mark","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mark PB, Stewart GA, Gansevoort RT, Petrie CJ, McDonagh TA, Dargie HJ, Rodger RS, Jardine AG (2006) Diagnostic potential of circulating natriuretic peptides in chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 21(2):402\u2013410","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.08.051","volume":"47","author":"S Anwaruddin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Anwaruddin S, Lloyd-Jones DM, Baggish A, Chen A, Krauser D, Tung R, Chae C, Januzzi JL Jr (2006) Renal function, congestive heart failure, and amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide measurement: results from the ProBNP Investigation of Dyspnea in the Emergency Department (PRIDE) Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 47(1):91\u201397","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2349_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2006.083170","volume":"53","author":"KS Spanaus","year":"2007","unstructured":"Spanaus KS, Kronenberg F, Ritz E, Schlapbach R, Fliser D, Hersberger M, Kollerits B, K\u00f6nig P, von Eckardstein A, Mild-to-Moderate Kidney Disease Study Group (2007) B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations predict the progression of nondiabetic chronic kidney disease: the mild-to-moderate kidney disease study. Clin Chem 53(7):1264\u20131272","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"2349_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.04910514","volume":"10","author":"N Bansal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bansal N, Katz R, Dalrymple L, de Boer I, DeFilippi C, Kestenbaum B, Park M, Sarnak M, Seliger S, Shlipak M (2015) NT-proBNP and troponin T and risk of rapid kidney function decline and incident CKD in elderly adults. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 10(2):205\u2013214","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2349_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins8110326","volume":"8","author":"Manuel Velasquez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Velasquez MT, Ramezani A, Manal A, Raj DS (2016) Trimethylamine N-oxide: the good, the bad and the unknown. Toxins (Basel) 8(11)","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"issue":"17","key":"2349_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1109400","volume":"368","author":"WH Tang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tang WH, Wang Z, Levison BS, Koeth RA, Britt EB, Fu X, Wu Y, Hazen SL (2013) Intestinal microbial metabolism of phosphatidylcholine and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med 368(17):1575\u20131584","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2349_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10101398","volume":"10","author":"Manuel Janeiro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Janeiro MH, Ramirez MJ, Milaqro FI, Martinez JA, Solasa M (2018) Implication of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in disease: potential biomarker or new therapeutic target. Nutrients 10(10)","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"2349_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2015.02.006","volume":"25","author":"GA Kaysen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kaysen GA, Johansen KL, Chertow GM, Dalrymple LS, Kornak J, Grimes B, Dwyer T, Chassy AW, Fiehn O (2015) Associations of trimethylamine N-oxide with nutritional and inflammatory biomarkers and cardiovascular outcomes in patients new to dialysis. J Ren Nutr 25(4):351\u2013356","journal-title":"J Ren Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"2349_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2015.10.091","volume":"243","author":"DM Mueller","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mueller DM, Allenspach M, Othman A, Saely CH, Muendlein A, Vonbank A, Drexel H, von Eckardstein A (2015) Plasma levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide are confounded by impaired kidney function and poor metabolic control. Atherosclerosis 243(2):638\u2013644","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2349_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.305360","volume":"116","author":"WH Tang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tang WH, Wang Z, Kennedy DJ, Wu Y, Buffa JA, Agatisa-Boyle B, Li XS, Levison BS, Hazen SL (2014) Gut microbiota-dependent trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) pathway contributes to both development of renal insufficiency and mortality risk in chronic kidney disease. Circ Res 116(3):448\u2013455","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2349_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014111063","volume":"27","author":"JR Stubbs","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stubbs JR, House JA, Ocque AJ, Zhang S, Johnson C, Kimber C, Schmidt K, Gupta A, Wetmore JB, Nolin TD, Spertus JA, Yu AS (2016) Serum trimethylamine-N-oxide is elevated in CKD and correlates with coronary atherosclerosis burden. J Am Soc Nephrol 27(1):305\u2013313","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"}],"container-title":["International Urology and Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11255-019-02349-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11255-019-02349-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11255-019-02349-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T22:09:35Z","timestamp":1665526175000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11255-019-02349-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,18]]},"references-count":111,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["2349"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11255-019-02349-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-1623","1573-2584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-1623","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2584","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 July 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 November 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 January 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Author Joanna Jagie\u0142a declares that she has no conflict of interest. Author Jacek Rysz declares that he has no conflict of interest. Author Piotr Bartnicki declares that he has no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}