{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T05:28:57Z","timestamp":1771306137053,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010607","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Perugia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010607","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Urol Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the testicular stiffness by ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) both in men with oligo-astheno-teratozospermia (OAT) and in control group. The secondary objective was to identify a possible correlation between semen quality with testicular stiffness.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This was a prospective case-control study. We divided the sample in two groups; Group A (case group) included men with OAT, and Group B (control group) men with normal sperm parameters. All participants had at last two semen analysis in the past 180\u00a0days (at last 90\u00a0days apart), using performed ultrasound and SWE elastography.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We analyzed 100 participants, 50 patients in Group A and 50 controls in Group B. There were statistically significant differences in term of testicular volume and testicular stiffness between two groups. Men with OAT had the testicular stiffness value higher than the controls in both sides (left testicular stiffness 21.4\u2009\u00b1\u20095.4\u00a0kPa vs 9.9\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6\u00a0kPa, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001; right testicular stiffness 22.9\u2009\u00b1\u20094.8\u00a0kPa vs 9.5\u2009\u00b1\u20092.4\u00a0kPa, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Men with abnormal semen parameters showed an inverse correlation between the mean value of testicular stiffness and total sperm count (22.15\u2009\u00b1\u20093.38\u00a0kPa, <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.387, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005), sperm concentration (22.15\u2009\u00b1\u20093.38\u00a0kPa, <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.244, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04), and progressive motility (22.15\u2009\u00b1\u20093.38\u00a0kPa, <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.336, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01), while the correlation was not evident in controls group.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>SWE is able to differentiate between testicles with spermatogenic changes from a healthy testicle. For this reason, it could be used to evaluate, in a non-invasive way, the tissue alterations of the organ.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-021-02909-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T20:02:42Z","timestamp":1623355362000},"page":"1773-1783","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Testicular shear wave elastography in oligo-astheno-teratozoospermic individuals: a prospective case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Ester","family":"Illiano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9291-2426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Trama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Ruffo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Romeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Riccardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felice","family":"Crocetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Iacono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Costantini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2909_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmn042","volume":"14","author":"W Ombelet","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ombelet W, Cooke I, Dyer S, Serour G, Devroey P (2008) Infertility and the provision of infertility medical services in developing countries. 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The study was approved by the local ethics committee (CER 3767\/20).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Patients signed informed consent regarding publishing their data.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}