{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T18:38:41Z","timestamp":1787855921409,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Urol Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The prevalence and mortality of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there is still a lack of recommendations for the medication therapy of these patients in the guideline so far.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all the studies assessing medication therapy for patients with CKD and HFpEF by July 21, 2021. Pooled analysis was performed using a random-effect model and the quality assessment was performed. In our research, we followed to the Preferred Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We finally identified six studies, three of which were randomized controlled trials and the others were retrospective cohort studies. The results of meta-analysis including three retrospective cohort studies showed that renin\u2013angiotensin system inhibitors had significantly reduced all-cause mortality by 14% (3 studies, 3816 patients, HR 0.86; 95% CI 0.79\u20130.95; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200949%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003), and all-cause hospitalization by 11% (2 studies, 2350 patients, HR 0.89; 95% CI 0.85\u20130.94; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001) in patients with CKD and HFpEF. However, there was no significant reduction in the risk of hospitalization for heart failure (3 studies, 3816 patients, HR 0.88; 95% CI 0.75\u20131.04; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200975%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.13). One of the studies focused on the sacubitril\u2013valsartan showed that sacubitril\u2013valsartan was associated with a reduced risk of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.66\u20130.95). The study focused on the carvedilol did not show a significant reduction in the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death (HR 0.917, 95% CI 0.501\u20131.678).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>For patients with CKD and HFpEF, renin\u2013angiotensin system inhibitors is associated with significant benefits in all-cause mortality and all-cause hospitalization but has no significant effect on hospitalization for heart failure. The subgroup analysis of one RCT study focused on ARNI showed that although long-term treatment with sacubitril\u2013valsartan may reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death, more studies are needed to confirm that.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-021-03025-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T17:56:55Z","timestamp":1634752615000},"page":"1435-1444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Efficacy of medication therapy for patients with chronic kidney disease and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijing","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"3025_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"c269","DOI":"10.1159\/000321382","volume":"118","author":"RA Nugent","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nugent RA, Fathima SF, Feigl AB et al (2011) The burden of chronic kidney disease on developing nations: a 21st century challenge in global health. 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