{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:51:10Z","timestamp":1791269470947,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Key program of the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["U22A20279"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U22A20279"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Key project of Chongqing technology development and application program","award":["CSTB2023TIAD-KPX0060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2023TIAD-KPX0060"]}]},{"name":"the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing, China","award":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX1233"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX1233"]}]},{"name":"the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["2025M784537"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025M784537"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0426zh255","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Young Doctoral Talent Incubation Program of the Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University","award":["2024YQB033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YQB033"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05w21nn13","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Urol Nephrol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-026-05413-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:42:34Z","timestamp":1791222154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between muscle-specific strength and disability in instrumental activities of daily living in patients with chronic kidney disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Mengda","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinghong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liangyu","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"5413_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.88","author":"P Romagnani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Romagnani P, Remuzzi G, Glassock R, Levin A, Jager KJ, Tonelli M, Massy Z, Wanner C, Anders H-J (2017) Chronic kidney disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2017.88","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"10225","key":"5413_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30045-3","volume":"395","author":"B Bikbov","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bikbov B, Purcell CA, Levey AS, Smith M, Abdoli A, Abebe M, Adebayo OM, Afarideh M, Agarwal SK, Agudelo-Botero M et al (2020) Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 395(10225):709\u2013733","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"5413_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfac218","volume":"16","author":"Y Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li Y, Ning Y, Shen B, Shi Y, Song N, Fang Y, Ding X (2023) Temporal trends in prevalence and mortality for chronic kidney disease in China from 1990 to 2019: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Clin Kidney J 16(2):312\u2013321","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"issue":"6","key":"5413_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glr043","volume":"66","author":"CB Bowling","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bowling CB, Sawyer P, Campbell RC, Ahmed A, Allman RM (2011) Impact of chronic kidney disease on activities of daily living in community-dwelling older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 66(6):689\u2013694","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"5413_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00163-3","volume":"41","author":"LF Fried","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fried LF, Shlipak MG, Crump C, Kronmal RA, Bleyer AJ, Gottdiener JS, Kuller LH, Newman AB (2003) Renal insufficiency as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in elderly individuals. J Am Coll Cardiol 41(8):1364\u20131372","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"5413_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2017.01.003","volume":"119","author":"K Harada","year":"2017","unstructured":"Harada K, Suzuki S, Ishii H, Aoki T, Hirayama K, Shibata Y, Negishi Y, Sumi T, Kawashima K, Kunimura A et al (2017) Impact of skeletal muscle mass on long-term adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease. Am J Cardiol 119(8):1275\u20131280","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5413_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-021-00498-0","volume":"18","author":"XH Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang XH, Mitch WE, Price SR (2021) Pathophysiological mechanisms leading to muscle loss in chronic kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 18(3):138\u2013152","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"5413_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xkme.2025.101005","author":"L Yin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yin L, Li F, Xiao T, Zhang J, Li Y, Luo J, Zhao J, Xiong J (2025) Functional performance decline outperforms sarcopenia and its components in predicting new-onset chronic kidney disease: a nationwide multicenter study. Kidney Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xkme.2025.101005","journal-title":"Kidney Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5413_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.70222","volume":"17","author":"L Yin","year":"2026","unstructured":"Yin L, Cao Y, Tang M, Shi H, Jiang H, Zhao J (2026) Operationalizing the Global Leadership Initiative in Sarcopenia: muscle-specific strength, optimal criteria and clinical relevance. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 17(1):e70222","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"5413_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13216448","author":"K Romejko","year":"2024","unstructured":"Romejko K, Szamotulska K, Rymarz A, Niemczyk S (2024) Muscle mass and muscle strength in non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease patients. J Clin Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13216448","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"5413_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"052","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afae052","volume":"53","author":"B Kirk","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kirk B, Cawthon PM, Arai H, \u00c1vila-Funes JA, Barazzoni R, Bhasin S, Binder EF, Bruyere O, Cederholm T, Chen L-K et al (2024) The conceptual definition of sarcopenia: Delphi consensus from the global leadership initiative in sarcopenia (GLIS). Age Ageing 53(3):052","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"1","key":"5413_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys203","volume":"43","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Hu Y, Smith JP, Strauss J, Yang G (2012) Cohort profile: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Int J Epidemiol 43(1):61\u201368","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"5413_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-22149-w","volume":"25","author":"Y Cao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cao Y, Tang M, Zhao J, Yin L (2025) Association of combined left and right handgrip strength with new-onset chronic kidney disease in middle-aged and older adults: a nationwide multicenter cohort study. BMC Public Health 25:988. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-025-22149-w","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"5413_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012","volume":"21","author":"LK Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen LK, Woo J, Assantachai P, Auyeung TW, Chou MY, Iijima K, Jang HC, Kang L, Kim M, Kim S et al (2019) Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment. J Am Med Dir Assoc 21(3):300-307 e302","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"5413_CR15","first-page":"551","volume":"20","author":"X Wen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wen X, Wang M, Jiang CM, Zhang YM (2011) Anthropometric equation for estimation of appendicular skeletal muscle mass in Chinese adults. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 20(4):551\u2013556","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"5413_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2765","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13627","volume":"15","author":"L Yin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yin L, Zhao J (2024) An artificial intelligence approach for test-free identification of sarcopenia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 15(6):2765\u20132780","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"5","key":"5413_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.37.5.436","volume":"37","author":"T Abe","year":"2003","unstructured":"Abe T, Kearns CF, Fukunaga T (2003) Sex differences in whole body skeletal muscle mass measured by magnetic resonance imaging and its distribution in young Japanese adults. Br J Sports Med 37(5):436\u2013440","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"5413_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.70133","volume":"16","author":"L Yin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yin L, Zhao J (2025) Objective measures of physical functioning, disabilities in daily life and trends during ageing: a repeated cross-sectional study. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 16(6):e70133","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"12","key":"5413_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1005","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(22)00203-1","volume":"7","author":"J Gong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gong J, Wang G, Wang Y, Chen X, Chen Y, Meng Q, Yang P, Yao Y, Zhao Y (2022) Nowcasting and forecasting the care needs of the older population in China: analysis of data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Lancet Public Health 7(12):e1005\u2013e1013","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"5413_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xkme.2025.101005","volume":"7","author":"L Yin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yin L, Li F, Xiao T, Zhang J, Li Y, Luo J, Zhao J, Xiong J (2025) Functional performance decline outperforms sarcopenia and its components in predicting new-onset chronic kidney disease: a nationwide multicenter study. Kidney Med 7(6):101005","journal-title":"Kidney Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"5413_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaa271","volume":"50","author":"L Guo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guo L, An L, Luo F, Yu B (2021) Social isolation, loneliness and functional disability in Chinese older women and men: a longitudinal study. Age Ageing 50(4):1222\u20131228","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"1","key":"5413_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-021-02223-9","volume":"21","author":"L Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang L, Cui H, Chen Q, Li Y, Yang C, Yang Y (2021) A web-based dynamic nomogram for predicting instrumental activities of daily living disability in older adults: a nationally representative survey in China. BMC Geriatr 21(1):311","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"5413_CR23","first-page":"1","volume":"17","author":"C Chen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chen C, Lu FC (2004) Department of disease control ministry of health PRC: the guidelines for prevention and control of overweight and obesity in Chinese adults. Biomed Environ sci: BES 17(Suppl):1\u201336","journal-title":"Biomed Environ sci: BES"},{"issue":"19","key":"5413_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2102953","volume":"385","author":"LA Inker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Inker LA, Eneanya ND, Coresh J, Tighiouart H, Wang D, Sang Y, Crews DC, Doria A, Estrella MM, Froissart M et al (2021) New creatinine- and cystatin C-based equations to estimate GFR without race. N Engl J Med 385(19):1737\u20131749","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5413_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1177\/1054773816689282","volume":"27","author":"E Segura-Ort\u00ed","year":"2018","unstructured":"Segura-Ort\u00ed E, Gordon PL, Doyle JW, Johansen KL (2018) Correlates of physical functioning and performance across the spectrum of kidney function. Clin Nurs Res 27:579\u2013596","journal-title":"Clin Nurs Res"},{"key":"5413_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12020416","author":"Y Oe","year":"2024","unstructured":"Oe Y (2024) Editorial for the special issue: pathophysiology of chronic kidney disease and its complications. Biomedicines. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines12020416","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"5413_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-04691-1","author":"T Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu T, Wu Y, Cao X, Yang K, Tong Y, Zhang F, Wang C, Cui R, Ren J, Li Q et al (2024) Association between sarcopenia and new-onset chronic kidney disease among middle-aged and elder adults: findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. BMC Geriatr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-024-04691-1","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"5413_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-025-02995-9","author":"C Beaudart","year":"2025","unstructured":"Beaudart C, Alcazar J, Aprahamian I, Batsis JA, Yamada Y, Prado CM, Reginster J-Y, Sanchez-Rodriguez D, Lim WS, Sim M et al (2025) Health outcomes of sarcopenia: a consensus report by the outcome working group of the Global Leadership Initiative in Sarcopenia (GLIS). Aging Clin Exp Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40520-025-02995-9","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"5413_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12502","volume":"11","author":"DXM Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang DXM, Yao J, Zirek Y, Reijnierse EM, Maier AB (2019) Muscle mass, strength, and physical performance predicting activities of daily living: a meta-analysis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 11(1):3\u201325","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"5413_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2023.105124","author":"Q Yu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yu Q, Li Z, Yang C, Zhang L, Xing M, Li W (2023) Predicting functional dependency using machine learning among a middle-aged and older Chinese population. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.archger.2023.105124","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"5413_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1113\/EP091157","volume":"108","author":"JI Quinlan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Quinlan JI, Dhaliwal A, Williams FR, Allen SL, Choudhary S, Rowlands A, Breen L, Lavery GG, Lord JM, Elsharkawy AM et al (2023) Impaired lower limb muscle mass, quality and function in end stage liver disease: a cross-sectional study. Exp Physiol 108(8):1066\u20131079","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5413_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00061.2017","volume":"99","author":"L Larsson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Larsson L, Degens H, Li M, Salviati L, Lee YI, Thompson W, Kirkland JL, Sandri M (2019) Sarcopenia: aging-related loss of muscle mass and function. Physiol Rev 99(1):427\u2013511","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"5413_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-014-9625-4","volume":"36","author":"EN Wilhelm","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wilhelm EN, Rech A, Minozzo F, Radaelli R, Botton CE, Pinto RS (2014) Relationship between quadriceps femoris echo intensity, muscle power, and functional capacity of older men. AGE (Dordr) 36(3):9625","journal-title":"AGE (Dordr)"},{"key":"5413_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.139826","author":"T Thome","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thome T, Kumar RA, Burke SK, Khattri RB, Salyers ZR, Kelley RC, Coleman MD, Christou DD, Hepple RT, Scali ST et al (2020) Impaired muscle mitochondrial energetics is associated with uremic metabolite accumulation in chronic kidney disease. JCI Insight. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci.insight.139826","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"issue":"6","key":"5413_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.14279","volume":"29","author":"S Matsufuji","year":"2024","unstructured":"Matsufuji S, Shoji T, Lee S, Hoshio A, Tanaka R, Fujimoto K, Watanuki H, Nishimura M, Tsujimoto Y, Morioka T et al (2024) Patient-reported difficulty in activities of daily living and corresponding muscle weakness in elderly patients undergoing haemodialysis. Nephrology (Carlton) 29(6):354\u2013362","journal-title":"Nephrology (Carlton)"},{"issue":"1","key":"5413_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-022-02816-5","volume":"23","author":"J Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu J, Luo H, Ren S, Shen L, Cheng D, Wang N (2022) Enhanced echo intensity of skeletal muscle is associated with poor physical function in hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol 23(1):186","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"5413_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-017-3562-4","author":"T Naito","year":"2017","unstructured":"Naito T, Okayama T, Aoyama T, Ohashi T, Masuda Y, Kimura M, Shiozaki H, Murakami H, Kenmotsu H, Taira T et al (2017) Skeletal muscle depletion during chemotherapy has a large impact on physical function in elderly Japanese patients with advanced non\u2013small-cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12885-017-3562-4","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"5413_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/60.3.324","volume":"60","author":"M Visser","year":"2005","unstructured":"Visser M, Goodpaster BH, Kritchevsky SB, Newman AB, Nevitt M, Rubin SM, Simonsick EM, Harris TB (2005) Muscle mass, muscle strength, and muscle fat infiltration as predictors of incident mobility limitations in well-functioning older persons. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 60(3):324\u2013333","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"5413_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.91587.2008","volume":"106","author":"U Raue","year":"1985","unstructured":"Raue U, Slivka D, Minchev K, Trappe S (1985) Improvements in whole muscle and myocellular function are limited with high-intensity resistance training in octogenarian women. J Appl Physiol 106(5):1611\u20131617","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"5413_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e780","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(21)00249-X","volume":"2","author":"M Bloomberg","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bloomberg M, Dugravot A, Landr\u00e9 B, Britton A, Steptoe A, Singh-Manoux A, Sabia S (2021) Sex differences in functional limitations and the role of socioeconomic factors: a multi-cohort analysis. Lancet Healthy Longev 2(12):e780\u2013e790","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev"},{"key":"5413_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.49874","author":"C Ubaida-Mohien","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ubaida-Mohien C, Lyashkov A, Gonzalez-Freire M, Tharakan R, Shardell M, Moaddel R, Semba RD, Chia CW, Gorospe M, Sen R et al (2019) Discovery proteomics in aging human skeletal muscle finds change in spliceosome, immunity, proteostasis and mitochondria. Elife. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.49874","journal-title":"Elife"}],"container-title":["International Urology and Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11255-026-05413-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11255-026-05413-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11255-026-05413-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:02:31Z","timestamp":1791266551000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11255-026-05413-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["5413"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11255-026-05413-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1573-2584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1573-2584","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 July 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All methods were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. This work was fully compliant with Ethical Standards and approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Peking University (IRB 00001052\u201311015).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent for each participant was obtained prior to sample collection.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Patients or the public were not involved in the design, or conduct, or reporting, or dissemination plans of our research.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","label":"Patient and public involvement statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}