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In dogs, the most common clinical signs of leishmaniosis include skin lesions and lymphadenomegaly. However, the presence of other nontypical signs has been described, and diagnosing these cases can be challenging. The aim of the present short communication was to describe the impact of the formation of circulating immunocomplexes due to<jats:italic>L. infantum<\/jats:italic>in a dog with leishmaniosis affected by a massive venous thrombus of the caudal vena cava and external iliac veins. On admission, the dog presented bilateral cutaneous vasculopathy of the thigh and renal disease due to<jats:italic>L. infantum<\/jats:italic>infection. Two weeks after starting anti-<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>treatment based on meglumine antimoniate and allopurinol administration, the animal developed acute claudication of the hind limbs with the presence of a thrombus in the caudal vena cava and the external iliac veins and a high level of circulating immunocomplexes detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Exacerbation of the humoral immune response, along with deposition of circulating immune complexes in the tissues and the concurrent presence of kidney and liver damage, might have contributed to an imbalance in haemostasis in this patient. Future studies should evaluate and analyse the pathological mechanisms contributing to thrombosis in dogs with leishmaniosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-024-10370-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T04:02:20Z","timestamp":1713326540000},"page":"2663-2669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A case report of acute claudication due to vena cava thromboembolism in a dog naturally infected with Leishmania Infantum"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Natalia","family":"Calvo-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lex","family":"G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Estela","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Borobia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Llu\u00eds","family":"Luj\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Villanueva-Saz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maite","family":"Verde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Marteles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"10370_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1053\/tvjl.2000.0556","volume":"162","author":"A Blavier","year":"2001","unstructured":"Blavier A, Keroack S, Denerolle P, Goy-Thollot I, Chabanne L, Cador\u00e9 JL, Bourdoiseau G (2001) Atypical forms of canine leishmaniosis. 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