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Chicken cathelicidin-2 (Cath-2) belongs to the group of Host Defense Peptides (HDPs), which could provide a feasible solution for the treatment of gastrointestinal infections in poultry. It is a small peptide produced by the heterophil granulocytes of chickens as part of the innate immune response, and its immunomodulatory activity has already been demonstrated in several cell types. In this study, the effects of Cath-2 on the intestinal immune response were examined using ileal explant cultures isolated from chicken. Regarding our results, Cath-2 displayed a potent anti-inflammatory effect as it alleviated the LTA-caused elevation of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-2 concentrations, and that of the IFN-\u03b3\/IL-10 ratio, furthermore, it increased the concentration of IL-10, alleviating the LTA-evoked decreased level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine. Moreover, when applied alone, it elevated the concentrations of IL-6, CXCLi2, and IL-2, providing evidence of its complex immunomodulatory mechanisms. In summary, Cath-2 was able to modulate the immune response of the intestinal wall not only by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine release, but also through immune stimulation, demonstrating that it has the ability to improve innate immunity via a complex mechanism that may make it a suitable candidate for the control of intestinal infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-024-10428-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T02:10:23Z","timestamp":1718331023000},"page":"2527-2535","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Immunomodulatory properties of chicken cathelicidin-2 investigated on an ileal explant culture"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"G\u00e1bor","family":"M\u00e1tis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrik","family":"Tr\u00e1j","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikt\u00f3ria","family":"Hanyecz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1t\u00e9","family":"Mackei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rege Anna","family":"M\u00e1rton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00falia","family":"V\u00f6r\u00f6sh\u00e1zi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1gnes","family":"Kem\u00e9ny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zsuzsanna","family":"Neogr\u00e1dy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Csilla","family":"Seb\u0151k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"10428_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.5114\/ceji.2015.51359","volume":"40","author":"J Agier","year":"2015","unstructured":"Agier J, Efenberger M, Brzezi\u0144ska-B\u0142aszczyk E (2015) Review paper\u2009<\u2009br\u2009>\u2009cathelicidin impact on inflammatory cells. 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Nature 568:405\u2013409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-019-1082-x","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Research Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11259-024-10428-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11259-024-10428-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11259-024-10428-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T18:29:40Z","timestamp":1723228180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11259-024-10428-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10428"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11259-024-10428-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-7380","1573-7446"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-7380","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7446","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 May 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 June 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the animal welfare legislation of the European Union, institutional policies, and the guidelines required by the Local Animal Welfare Committee of the University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest. Approval for the experiment was granted by the Government Office of Zala County, Plant Protection, Food Chain Safety, and Soil Conservation Directorate, Zalaegerszeg, Hungary (approval date: May 11, 2020; license number: GK-419\/2020).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}