{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T04:17:22Z","timestamp":1741925842033,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740355200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Res Commun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-025-10689-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T07:19:36Z","timestamp":1740381576000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cholelithiasis in two zoo-managed male African lions (Panthera leo)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Imogen L.","family":"Payne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Tevendale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew F.","family":"Rich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10689_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.19227\/jzar.v6i1.261","volume":"6","author":"K Anderson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Anderson K, Garner MM, Dennis PM (2018) Causes of mortality in sloth bears (Melursus ursinus) housed in US zoos. J Zoo Aquar Res 6(1):12\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19227\/jzar.v6i1.261","journal-title":"J Zoo Aquar Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10689_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985814532822","volume":"52","author":"JM Bernard","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bernard JM, Newkirk KM, McRee AE, Whittemore JC, Ramsay EC (2015) Hepatic lesions in 90 captive nondomestic felids presented for autopsy. Vet Pathol 52(2):369\u2013376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0300985814532822","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10689_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.24070\/bjvp.1983-0246.v15i1p54-56","volume":"15","author":"TG Bizari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bizari TG, Lautert BF, de Sousa RS (2022) Biliary cystadenoma in a Lion (Panthera leo). Braz J Vet Pathol 15(1):54\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24070\/bjvp.1983-0246.v15i1p54-56","journal-title":"Braz J Vet Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10689_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16868","volume":"37","author":"A Brunet","year":"2023","unstructured":"Brunet A, Duperrier-Simond C, Amoyal S, Benchekroun G, Hernandez J, Lecot L, Lurier T, Cador\u00e9 JL, Krafft E (2023) Prevalence and clinical relevance of cholelithiasis in cats: A multicenter retrospective study of 98 cases. J Vet Intern Med 37(6):2157\u20132170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvim.16868","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10689_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Butcher RG, Lenting B, Clarke AS, Buckle K, Gans C (2023) Jejunal intramural haematoma in a captive African Lion (Panthera leo). Vet Rec Case Rep 11(1):e556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/vrc2.556","DOI":"10.1002\/vrc2.556"},{"issue":"4","key":"10689_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1638\/2011-0065R1.1","volume":"43","author":"V Caliendo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Caliendo V, Bull AC, Stidworthy MF (2012) Congenital biliary tract malformation resembling biliary cystadenoma in a captive juvenile African Lion (Panthera leo). J Zoo Wildl Med 43(4):922\u2013926. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1638\/2011-0065R1.1","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10689_CR7","first-page":"543","volume":"39","author":"SA Center","year":"2009","unstructured":"Center SA (2009) Diseases of the gallbladder and biliary tree. Veterinary Clinics: Small Anim Pract 39(3):543\u2013598","journal-title":"Veterinary Clinics: Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"11","key":"10689_CR8","first-page":"1637","volume":"74","author":"EM Douglass","year":"1979","unstructured":"Douglass EM (1979) Lymphosarcoma and blockage of the biliary duct in an African Lion (Panthera leo). Vet Med Small Anim Clin 74(11):1637\u20131641","journal-title":"Vet Med Small Anim Clin"},{"key":"10689_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duggan JM, Duggan AE (2006) The epidemiology of alimentary diseases. Springer Science & Business Media, Dordrecht, pp 211\u2013227","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3840-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"10689_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.5326\/0380290","volume":"38","author":"CS Eich","year":"2002","unstructured":"Eich CS, Ludwig LL (2002) The surgical treatment of cholelithiasis in cats: a study of nine cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 38(3):290\u2013296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5326\/0380290","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10689_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1638\/2016-0242.1","volume":"48","author":"R Eustace","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eustace R, Rubin J, Thompson KA, Snowdon K, Sikarskie JG, Monahan C, Smedley RC (2017) Diagnosis and treatment of a unilateral renal cystadenoma in an African Lion (Panthera leo). J Zoo Wildl Med 48(3):906\u2013909. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1638\/2016-0242.1","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"key":"10689_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-009-0260-9","volume":"55","author":"I Gerhauser","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gerhauser I, Philipp U, Distl O, Beineke A (2009) Multiple cyst formation in the liver and kidneys of a Lion (Panthera leo): a case of polycystic kidney disease? Eur J Wildl Res 55:433\u2013437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10344-009-0260-9","journal-title":"Eur J Wildl Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10689_CR13","first-page":"458","volume":"43","author":"CF Illingworth","year":"1936","unstructured":"Illingworth CF (1936) The gall-bladder in animals. Edinb Med J 43(7):458","journal-title":"Edinb Med J"},{"key":"10689_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5167\/uzh-235184","volume":"91","author":"CL Kleinlugtenbelt","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kleinlugtenbelt CL, Burkevica A, Clauss M (2023) Large carnivore feeding in European zoos. Zool Gart 91:9\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5167\/uzh-235184","journal-title":"Zool Gart"},{"issue":"10","key":"10689_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0187315","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0187315","volume":"12","author":"S Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee S, Kweon OK, Kim WH (2017) Associations between serum leptin levels, hyperlipidemia, and cholelithiasis in dogs. PLoS ONE 12(10):e0187315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0187315","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10689_CR16","first-page":"82","volume":"4","author":"M Longo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Longo M, Ravasio G, De Zani D, Rabbogliatti V, Giordano A, Paltrinieri S, Andolfatto A, Magnone W, Di Giancamillo M, Zani D (2016) A first case description of adrenal gland tumour in a Lion (Panthera leo): tomographic and clinico-pathological findings. Int J Vet Health Sci Res 4:82\u201385","journal-title":"Int J Vet Health Sci Res"},{"key":"10689_CR17","first-page":"285","volume":"51","author":"JE Moulton","year":"1961","unstructured":"Moulton JE (1961) Bile duct carcinomas in two bears. Cornell Vet 51:285\u2013293","journal-title":"Cornell Vet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10689_CR18","first-page":"14","volume":"16","author":"DM Neagu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Neagu DM, Purdoiu R, Popovici C, Codea R, Biris A (2024) Ultrasonographic examination in liver and gallbladder pathology in dogs. Clinico-ecographic correlations. Anim Biol Anim Husb Bioflux 16(1):14\u201325","journal-title":"Anim Biol Anim Husb Bioflux"},{"issue":"3","key":"10689_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1992.tb00335.x","volume":"6","author":"TM Neer","year":"1992","unstructured":"Neer TM (1992) A review of disorders of the gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract in the dog and Cat. J Vet Intern Med 6(3):186\u2013192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1992.tb00335.x","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10689_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X17706465","volume":"19","author":"CM Otte","year":"2017","unstructured":"Otte CM, Penning LC, Rothuizen J (2017) Feline biliary tree and gallbladder disease: aetiology, diagnosis and treatment. J Feline Med Surg 19(5):514\u2013528. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1098612X17706465","journal-title":"J Feline Med Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10689_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1638\/2014-0076R2.1","volume":"46","author":"R Potier","year":"2015","unstructured":"Potier R, Reineau O (2015) Obstructive cholelithiasis and cholecystitis in a Kinkajou (Potos flavus). J Zoo Wildl Med 46(1):175\u2013178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1638\/2014-0076R2.1","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"key":"10689_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41936-020-00162-2","volume":"81","author":"C Schiffmann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schiffmann C, Unterhitzenberger G, Ortmann S (2020) Extrahepatic biliary tract pathologies in mammalian species of zoo animals and wildlife: a review. J Basic Appl Zool 81:1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41936-020-00162-2","journal-title":"J Basic Appl Zool"},{"key":"10689_CR23","unstructured":"Species 360 Zoological Information Management System (ZIMS) (2024) Expected test results for Panthera leo (all ages, all sex types). http:\/\/zims.species360.org. Accessed 4 November 2024"},{"key":"10689_CR24","unstructured":"Stoskopf MK (1989) Clinical imaging in zoological medicine: a review. J Zoo Wildl Med 20(4):396\u2013412. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/20094989"},{"key":"10689_CR25","unstructured":"Strombeck DR, Guilford WG (1990) Small animal gastroenterology, 2nd edn. Stonegate Publishing, Davis, California, pp 686\u2013689"},{"issue":"5","key":"10689_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.12968\/coan.2017.22.5.254","volume":"22","author":"Y Uetsu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Uetsu Y, Kilpatrick S, Bell A (2017) Diagnostic approach to gallbladder disease in dogs and cats. Companion Anim 22(5):254\u2013260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12968\/coan.2017.22.5.254","journal-title":"Companion Anim"},{"key":"10689_CR27","unstructured":"Vali Y, Memarian I, Molazem M, Shahrdari A (2016) Ultrasonographic characteristics of intestinal ascariasis coincident with cholecystitis and cholelithiasis in Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus). Paper presented at the Joint Conference of AAZV, EAZWV, and IZW, Atlanta, Georgia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10689_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-7000","volume":"56","author":"PM Ward","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ward PM, Brown K, Hammond G, Parkin T, Bouyssou S, Coia M, Nurra G, Ridyard AE (2020) Cholelithiasis in the dog: prevalence, clinical presentation, and outcome. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 56(3):152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-7000","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"issue":"11","key":"10689_CR28","first-page":"1119","volume":"47","author":"R Ward","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ward R (2006) Obstructive cholelithiasis and cholecystitis in a Keeshond. Can Vet J 47(11):1119\u20131121","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"10689_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-14-88","volume":"14","author":"HT Weerakoon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Weerakoon HT, Ranasinghe JG, Navaratna A, Sivakanesan R, Galketiya KB, Rosairo S (2014) Can the type of gallstones be predicted with known possible risk factors? A comparison between mixed cholesterol and black pigment stones. BMC Gastroenterol 14:88. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-230X-14-88","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10689_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1638\/2022-0138","volume":"54","author":"EM Wright","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wright EM, Eustace R, Ramsay E, Cushing AC (2023) Intervertebral disc disease in three large felids (Panthera spp.) treated surgically. J Zoo Wildl Med 54(3):617\u2013627. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1638\/2022-0138","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Research Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11259-025-10689-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11259-025-10689-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11259-025-10689-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T11:27:56Z","timestamp":1741865276000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11259-025-10689-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10689"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11259-025-10689-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-7380","1573-7446"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0165-7380"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1573-7446"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"As both animals were submitted for routine diagnostic investigations as part of non-experimental clinical cases, no ethical approval was required. The submitting collection consented to the publication of these cases, although wished to remain anonymous.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"114"}}