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In this study, 200 samples were obtained from broiler chickens. Samples were processed using standard bacteriological techniques, and suspected isolates were biochemically identified and molecularly confirmed by PCR targeting the\n                    <jats:italic>inv<\/jats:italic>\n                    A gene. Serotyping was performed according to the Kauffmann\u2013White scheme. Virulence genes (\n                    <jats:italic>hil<\/jats:italic>\n                    A,\n                    <jats:italic>stn<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>spv<\/jats:italic>\n                    C, and\n                    <jats:italic>spi<\/jats:italic>\n                    C) and ESBL genes (\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>TEM<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>SHV<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>CTX<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2212M\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    ) were detected by PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out following CLSI guidelines. Nineteen isolates (9.5%) were confirmed as\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Serotyping revealed four serovars:\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Kentucky (52.63%),\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium (21.05%),\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Salamae (15.79%), and\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Infantis (10.53%). All isolates carried\n                    <jats:italic>inv<\/jats:italic>\n                    A and\n                    <jats:italic>hil<\/jats:italic>\n                    A, while\n                    <jats:italic>stn<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>spi<\/jats:italic>\n                    C were present in 84.21% and 73.68% of isolates, respectively,\n                    <jats:italic>spv<\/jats:italic>\n                    C was detected in only one isolate (5.26%). All isolates were resistant to ceftazidime, cefepime, and erythromycin. High resistance rates were also observed against amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, and doxycycline. Detection of ESBL genes revealed that\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>TEM<\/jats:sub>\n                    was present in 16 isolates (84.2%),\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX\u2212M<\/jats:sub>\n                    in 6 isolates (31.6%), and\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>SHV<\/jats:sub>\n                    in 2 isolates (10.5%). Statistical analyses (Chi-square and Spearman\u2019s correlation tests) further confirmed significant associations between ESBL genes and both phenotypic resistance and virulence determinants, strengthening the validity of our findings. The high prevalence of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance traits, particularly extensively drug-resistant (XDR) phenotypes and ESBL-encoding genes among\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates from poultry, represents a critical public health concern. These findings emphasize the need for continuous molecular surveillance, improved antimicrobial stewardship, and enhanced biosecurity strategies in poultry production in Egypt.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-025-10936-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T05:40:39Z","timestamp":1763444439000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Molecular characterization of Salmonella isolates from poultry in Egypt: Detection of virulence, ESBLs genes and antimicrobial resistance profiling"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Mona","family":"Salem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reem","family":"Ghabbour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noura F.","family":"Mostafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal","family":"Awad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gamal","family":"Younis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10936_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.21608\/bvmj.2021.93816.1468","volume":"41","author":"A Abd El-Mohsen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abd El-Mohsen A, El-Sherry S, Soliman MA, Amen O (2022) Serological and antibacterial characteristics of Salmonella isolates from chickens in Assiut, Egypt. 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