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The therapeutic efficacy of buparvaquone (BVQ) alone or combined with silymarin (SI) was also investigated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Blood samples were collected from 149 cattle; infection was confirmed by\n                      <jats:italic>Tams1<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene PCR and phylogenetic analysis. Risk factors were statistically assessed. Twenty clinically infected cows were divided into two groups (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200910); one received BVQ, while the other received BVQ plus SI. Hematological, biochemical, acute-phase proteins, and beta-hydroxybutyrate were measured before and two weeks after treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PCR analysis confirmed\n                      <jats:italic>Theileria annulata<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection in 32.9% of cattle, with our isolates (PQ137836 and PQ137837) showing 99.7\u2013100% sequence similarity to both local and global strains. Infection was highest in tick-infested cattle (69.84%, OR\u2009=\u20095.62), pregnant cows (50%, OR\u2009=\u20096.7), and animals not treated with ectoparasiticides (91.8%, OR\u2009=\u20098.6). Combination therapy significantly reduced parasitemia (3.76% to 0.18%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), improved hematological, liver, and metabolic indices, decreased APPs, and increased paraoxonase-1 activity, compared to BVQ alone.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>In conclusion.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Bovine theileriosis is highly prevalent in Dakahlia and Damietta, particularly in middle-aged, pregnant, and tick-infested cattle during the summer. Molecular analysis confirmed\n                      <jats:italic>Theileria annulate<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection. Combination therapy with BVQ and SI proved more effective than BVQ monotherapy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-026-11089-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T04:32:54Z","timestamp":1773376374000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epidemiological, haematological-biochemical, and molecular investigations of bovine theileriosis with therapeutic evaluation of buparvaquone with silymarin in Dakahlia and Damietta governorates, Egypt"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Mohamed Gamal","family":"Alnahass","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Magdy","family":"Selim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"El-Diasty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Mohamed","family":"El-Sebaey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elzahara","family":"Elbaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"11089_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2017.1475-1480","volume":"10","author":"IA Abaker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abaker IA, Salih DA, El Haj LM, Ahmed RE, Osman MM, Ali AM (2017) Prevalence of Theileria annulata in dairy cattle in Nyala, South Darfur State, Sudan. 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