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This study investigated a dairy goat herd composed of 38 animals with a history of joint enlargement and reduced milk production in Northeastern Brazil. Clinical, serological, molecular, and phylogenetic analyses were performed using blood, milk, synovial fluid, and ocular swab samples. Clinically, arthritis was observed in 28.9% (11\/38) of the animals, keratoconjunctivitis in 28.9% (11\/38), and mastitis or agalactia in 19.4% (6\/31) of the lactating females. For SRLV diagnosis, positivity rates were 31.6% (12\/38) by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and 65.8% (25\/38) by indirect ELISA, with moderate agreement between tests (K\u2009=\u20090.387;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.002). Indirect ELISA for\n                    <jats:italic>Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. detected antibodies in 34.2% (13\/38) of the animals, while PCR identified\n                    <jats:italic>M. agalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    in 83.3% (5\/6) of synovial fluid samples, 66.7% (2\/3) of ocular swabs, and 79.3% (23\/29) of milk samples. Concomitant clinical manifestations were observed exclusively in coinfected animals. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16\u00a0S rRNA gene supported the molecular identification of\n                    <jats:italic>M. agalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    . These findings demonstrate the concomitant circulation of SRLV and\n                    <jats:italic>M. agalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the investigated herd and reinforce the importance of combining clinical evaluation with serological and molecular methods applied to different biological samples for the diagnosis of coinfections in goats.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-026-11363-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T06:38:21Z","timestamp":1782283101000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Concomitant circulation of lentiviruses and Mycoplasma spp. in dairy goats: a clinical and multi-sample diagnostic approach"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Huber","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia Carrillo","family":"Gaeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeferson Silva","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe Gabriel Carneiro","family":"Pessoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jer\u00f4nimo Hugo","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilherme Jos\u00e9","family":"da Costa e Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Claudia","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ed\u00edsio Oliveira","family":"de Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilian","family":"Gregory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00facio Esmeraldo Hon\u00f3rio","family":"de Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"11363_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/1808-1657000552016","volume":"84","author":"DAA Azevedo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Azevedo DAA, Santos VWS, Sousa ALM, Peixoto RM, Pinheiro RR, Andrioli A, Teixeira MFS (2017) Small ruminant lentiviruses: economic and productive losses and consequences of the disease. 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